The document discusses beliefs related to the Last Day in Islam. It covers: 1. Belief in the Last Day is an essential part of faith in Islam. It includes believing in the end of time, death, resurrection, judgement, and the afterlife. 2. There will be major and minor signs preceding the Last Day. The major signs will be unambiguous events like the emergence of Dajjal and descent of Isa. The minor signs include social and moral changes like increasing interest in materialism. 3. Death initiates the soul's journey and life in al-Barzakh until resurrection on the Last Day, when people will be judged and sent to Jannah or Jahann

2. Contents
1 Belief in the Last Day....................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Part of Eeman ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Scope of this Belief ................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Effect of the Belief .................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Names of the Last Day in the Qur’an & Hadith ........................................................................ 4
2 The Hours & Its Signs ...................................................................................................................... 5
2.1 Signs.......................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1.1 The Major Signs................................................................................................................. 5
2.1.2 The Minor Signs ................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.1 Side Notes ......................................................................................................................... 9
4 Death & Life in al-Barzakh............................................................................................................. 10
4.1 At Death ................................................................................................................................. 10
4.2 Soul’s Journey......................................................................................................................... 11
5 Al-Qabr :: The Grave ..................................................................................................................... 12
5.1 Rewards in the Grave ............................................................................................................. 12
5.2 Punishment in the Grave........................................................................................................ 12
5.3 Actions that Impact in Grave.................................................................................................. 12
5.3.1 Safety from Punishment ................................................................................................. 12
5.3.2 Some Reasons for Punishment ....................................................................................... 12
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3. 1 Belief in the Last Day
1.1 Part of Eeman
• No one is a believer without belief in this pillar.
o Sahih International: And who believe in what has been revealed to you, [O
Muhammad], and what was revealed before you, and of the Hereafter they are
certain [in faith]. [ Surah Baqarah, 2 : Ayat 4 ]
o Sahih International: Who establish prayer and give zakah, and of the Hereafter they
are certain [in faith]. [ Surah An-Nami, 27 : Ayat 3 ]
• Allah enjoins belief in Him with the belief in the Last Day
o Sahih International: Righteousness is not that you turn your faces toward the east or
the west, but [true] righteousness is [in] one who believes in Allah, the Last Day, the
angels, the Book, and the prophets and gives wealth, in spite of love for it, to
relatives, orphans, the needy, the traveler, those who ask [for help], and for freeing
slaves; [and who] establishes prayer and gives zakah; [those who] fulfill their promise
when they promise; and [those who] are patient in poverty and hardship and during
battle. Those are the ones who have been true, and it is those who are the righteous.
[ Surah Al-Baqarah, 2 : Ayat 177 ]
1.2 Scope of this Belief
1. Belief that there will be another life after this one
2. This life is not the end, but there will be a Judgement Day, with recompense in al-Jannah
(Paradise) or an-Nar (Hellfire or the Fire)
3. Scholars of aqeedah includes following sub-topics under this subject
a. The end of time (apocalypse) and its signs
b. Death, soul and life in the grave
c. Resurrection
d. The Day of Judgement
e. Paradise & Hellfire
4. The term Hour (as-Sa’ah) is used in two ways;
a. It is used to refer to death, as death is the end of this life for each individual
b. It is also used to refer to end of time for all :: The Apocalypse
5. An individual’s judgement begins upon his death, whereas the judgement of all creation will
occur on “The Judgement Day”
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4. 1.3 Effect of the Belief
1. It demonstrates the completeness, greatness and uniqueness of Allah’s Names and
Attributes
2. It increases the love for meeting Allah(swt) in the hearts of the believers
3. It establishes fear and awe of Allah(swt)
4. It aids a Muslim in hastening towards good deeds and hastening away from bad ones
5. It aids in patience and perseverance in doing good
6. It aids in patience in abstaining from wrong
7. It aids in patience during times of hardship
8. It establishes asceticism (denial) towards matters of this life
1.4 Names of the Last Day in the Qur’an &
Hadith
Yawm al-Qiyamah :: The Day of Standing
Yawm ad-Deen Yawm al-Hisab :: The Day of Reckoning
Yawm an-Nushoor :: The Return
As-Sakhah
At-Tamah al Kubra
Yawm al-Hasrah
Yawm at-Tanad
Al-Qariah
Al-Waqiah :: The Inevitable Event
Al-Haqah
Yawm al-Fasl :: The Day of Decision
Yawm al-Jam :: The Day of Gathering Togather
Yawm al-Khulood :: Decision of Eternity
Yawm al-Wa’eed :: The Promised Day
Yawm al-Khurooj :: Emergence from Grave
Al-Azifah
Daar al-Qarar :: The Everlasting Abode
As-Sa’ah :: The Hour
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5. 2 The Hours & Its Signs
None but Allah (swt) knows when the Hour will come
o Sahih International: They ask you, [O Muhammad], about the Hour: when is its
arrival? Say, "Its knowledge is only with my Lord. None will reveal its time except Him.
It lays heavily upon the heavens and the earth. It will not come upon you except
unexpectedly." They ask you as if you are familiar with it. Say, "Its knowledge is only
with Allah, but most of the people do not know." [ Surah al-Araf, 7 : Ayat 187 ]
The Hour is near
o Sahih International: The Hour has come near, and the moon has split [in two]. [ Surah
Al-Qamar, 54, Ayat 1 ]
The Hour will fall on a Friday
o Abu Hurairah (Ra) reports that Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H.) had said, "The best day
during which the sun have risen is Friday. It is the Day Adam was created. It is the day
when Adam entered paradise and also when he was taken out from it. It is also the
day on which the day of judgment takes place." [Imam Muslim, Abo-Dawod, Al-
Nesaii, and Al-Termithi ]
2.1 Signs
It is divided into
Major Signs
o Ten major signs told by the Prophet (saw)
o Any believer / non-believer may/will easily acknowledge the signs to be odd in
nature as they are so drastic
Minor Signs
o Only muslims will know and accept these signs due to knowledge and belief in
Islam
2.1.1 The Major Signs
1. The Emergence of ad-Dajjal :: The False Messiah
2. The Descent of Isa (as)
3. The appearance of Yajooj & Ma’jooj
4. The Great Landslide in the East
5. The Great Landslide in the West
6. The Great Landslide in the Arabian Peninsula
7. Ad-Dukhan :: The Smoke
8. Rising of the sun from the West
9. The appearance of the Beast
10. The Great Fire
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6. 2.1.1.1 The Emergence of ad-Dajjal :: The False Messiah
Sahih International: Do they [then] wait for anything except that the angels should come to
them or your Lord should come or that there come some of the signs of your Lord? The Day
that some of the signs of your Lord will come no soul will benefit from its faith as long as it
had not believed before or had earned through its faith some good. Say, "Wait. Indeed, we
[also] are waiting." [ Surah al-Baqarah, 2 : Ayat 158 ]
Prophet (saw) said, “The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) observed: When
three things appear faith will not benefit one who has not previously believed or has derived
no good from his faith: the rising of the sun in its place of setting, the Dajjal, and the Beast of
the earth.. [Sahih Muslim Hadith 296 Narrated by AbuHurayrah ]
2.1.1.2 The Descent of Isa (as)
Sahih International: And indeed, Jesus will be [a sign for] knowledge of the Hour, so be not
in doubt of it, and follow Me. This is a straight path. [ Surah Az-Zukhruf, 43, Ayat 61 ]
2.1.1.3 The appearance of Yajooj & Ma’joo
Sahih International: Until when [the dam of] Gog and Magog has been opened and they,
from every elevation, descend. And [when] the true promise has approached; then suddenly
the eyes of those who disbelieved will be staring [in horror, while they say], “O woe to us; we
had been unmindful of this; rather, we were wrongdoers.” [ Surah Al-Anbiya, 21 : Ayat 96 –
97 ]
2.1.1.4 The Great Landslide in the East
2.1.1.5 The Great Landslide in the West
2.1.1.6 The Great Landslide in the Arabian Peninsula
Allah's Apostle (peace be upon him) came to us all of a sudden as we were (busy in a discussion) He
said: What do you discuss about? (the Companions) said: We are discussing about the Last Hour.
Thereupon he said: It will not come until you see ten signs before and (in this connection) he made a
mention of the smoke, Dajjal, the beast, the rising of the sun from the west, the descent of Jesus
son of Mary (Allah be pleased with him), The Gog and Magog, and landslides in three places, one
in the east, one in the west and one in Arabia at the end of which fire would burn forth from the
Yemen, and would drive people to the place of their assembly. [Sahih Muslim Hadith 6931, Abu-
Dawud, at-Tirmidhi & Ibn-Majah. Narrated by Hudhayfah ibn Usayd Ghifari ]
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7. 2.1.1.7 Ad-Dukhan :: The Smoke
Sahih International: Then watch for the Day when the sky will bring a visible smoke.
Covering the people; this is a painful torment. [ Surah Ad-Dukhan, 44; Ayat 10-11 ]
2.1.1.8 Rising of the sun from the West
Hadith reference in Section 2.1.1.6
Sahih International: Do they [then] wait for anything except that the angels should come to
them or your Lord should come or that there come some of the signs of your Lord? The Day
that some of the signs of your Lord will come no soul will benefit from its faith as long as it
had not believed before or had earned through its faith some good. Say, "Wait. Indeed, we
[also] are waiting." [ Surah Al An’am, 6 : Ayat 158 ]
2.1.1.9 The appearance of the Beast
Sahih International: And when the word befalls them, We will bring forth for them a
creature from the earth speaking to them, [saying] that the people were, of Our verses, not
certain [in faith]. [ Surah An-Naml, 27 : Ayat 82 ]
2.1.1.10 The Great Fire
Narrated by Abu Sa`id al-Khudri; The Messenger (saw) said: "At the end of the time of my
ummah, the Mahdi will appear. God will grant him rain, the earth will bring forth its fruits, he
will give a lot of money,cattle will increase and the ummah will become great. He will rule for
seven or eight years. [ Mustadrak al-Hakim ]
2.1.2 The Minor Signs
1. Beduin will compete to build skyscrapers
2. Man will talk to his shoulders and would know what is happening at home
3. Man will come to the mosque on his throne
4. Man will greet the person they know
5. Attempts to make desert green
6. People would understand animals language
7. Dust of Riba will touch everybody
8. For every man there will be 50 women (Bukhari, Muslim, & Ahmad)
9. The disappearance of knowledge and the appearance of ignorance (Bukhari, Muslim, Ibn Majah, & Ahmad)
10. Books/writing will be widespread and (religious) knowledge will be low (Ahmad)
11. Adultery and fornication will be prevalent (The Prophet, peace be upon him, said that this has never happened without
new diseases befalling the people, which their ancestors had not known.) (Bukhari, Muslim, Ibn Majah, & Al-Haythami)
12. When fornication becomes widespread among your leaders (The Prophet, peace be upon him, said that this will
happen when the people stop forbidding evil) (Ibn Majah)
13. The consumption of intoxicants will be widespread (Bukhari & Muslim)
14. Killing, killing, killing (Bukhari, Muslim, Ibn Majah, & Ahmad)
15. The nations of the earth will gather against the Muslims like hungry people going to sit down to a table full of food. This
will occur when the Muslims are large in number, but "like the foam of the sea".
16. People will beat others with whips like the tails of oxen (Muslim) ?The Slave Trade
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8. 17. The children will be filled with rage (at-Tabarani, al-Hakim)
18. Children will be foul (at-Tabarani, al-Hakim)
19. Women will conspire (at-Tabarani, al-Hakim)
20. Rain will be acidic or burning (at-Tabarani, al-Hakim)
21. Children of fornication will become widespread or prevalent (at-Tabarani, al-Hakim)
22. When a trust becomes a means of making a profit (at-Tirmidhi, Al-Haythami)
23. Gains will be shared out only among the rich, with no benefit to the poor (at-Tirmidhi)
24. Paying zakat becomes a burden and miserliness becomes widespread; charity is given reluctantly (at-Tirmidhi & Al-
Haythami)
25. Miserliness will be thrown into the hearts of people (Bukhari)
26. Episodes of sudden death will become widespread (Ahmad)
27. There will be people who will be brethren in public but enemies in secret (He was asked how that would come about
and replied, "Because they will have ulterior motives in their mutual dealings and at the same time will fear one
another.") (at-Tirmidhi)
28. When a man obeys his wife and disobeys his mother; and treats his friend kindly while shunning his father (at-Tirmidhi)
29. When voices are raised in the mosques (at-Tirmidhi)
30. The people of Iraq will receive no food and no money due to oppression by the Romans (Europeans) (Muslim)
31. A tribulation will enter everyone’s home (Ahmad)
32. The leader of a people will be the worst of them (at-Tirmidhi)
33. Leaders of people will be oppressors (Al-Haythami)
34. People will treat a man with respect out of fear for some evil he might do (at-Tirmidhi)
35. Men will begin to wear silk (at-Tirmidhi)
36. Female singers and musical instruments will become popular (at-Tirmidhi)
37. When singers become common (Al-Haythami)
38. When the last ones of the Ummah begin to curse the first ones (at-Tirmidhi)
39. People will claim to follow the Qur'an but will reject hadith & sunnah (Abu Dawood)
40. People will believe in the stars (Al-Haythami)
41. People will reject al-Qadr (the Divine Decree of Destiny) (Al-Haythami)
42. Time will pass rapidly (Bukhari, Muslim, & Ahmad)
43. Good deeds will decrease (Bukhari)
44. Wealth will increase so much so that if a man were given 10,000, he would not be content with it (Ahmad & Bukhari)
45. A man will pass by a grave and wish that he was in their place (Bukhari)
46. Earthquakes will increase (Bukhari & Muslim)
47. The appearance of false messengers (30 dajjals) (Bukhari)
48. Women will be naked in spite of being dressed, these women will be led astray & will lead others astray (Muslim)
49. The conquest of Constantinople by the Muslims (Ahmad)
50. The conquest of India by the Muslims, just prior to the return of Jesus, son of Mary (peace be upon both of
them)(Ahmad, an-Nisa'i, at-Tabarani, al-Hakim)
51. When people begin to compete with others in the construction of taller buildings (Bukhari)
52. There will be a special greeting for the people of distinction (Ahmad)
53. The Euphrates will disclose a treasure (The Prophet, peace be upon him, said that whoever is present should not take
anything from it) (Bukhari & Muslim)
54. Two large groups, adhering to the same religious teaching will fight each other with large numbers of casualties
(Bukhari & Muslim)
55. Wild animals will be able to talk to humans (Ahmad)
56. A man will leave his home and his thigh or hip will tell him what is happening back at his home (Ahmad)
57. Years of deceit in which the truthful person will not be believed and the liar will be believed (Ahmad)
58. Bearing false witness will become widespread (Al-Haythami & Ahmad)
59. When men lie with men and women lie with women (Al-Haythami)
60. Trade will become so widespread that a woman will be forced to help her husband in business (Ahmad)
61. A woman will enter the workforce out of love for this world (Ahmad)
62. Arrogance will increase in the earth (at-Tabarani, al-Hakim)
63. Family ties will be cut (Ahmad)
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9. 3.1.1 Side Notes
3.1.1.1 Very Last Moments
Isa (as) dies
No more believers
Fire from Yemen engulfs
Quran is taken up
Quran pages without any Ayats
Mecca destroyed
3.1.1.2 Snipets :: Isa (as)
Descends from Heaven on Two Angels
He will come to Prophet’s (saw) Ummah
He will not lead us in Salah
Go from Damascus to Jerusalem to kill Dajjal
Will live among us for 7 years after Dajjal is killed
He will marry, have kids and do Hajj
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10. 4 Death & Life in al-Barzakh
4.1 At Death
1. Allah’s Hesitation to take the Soul
a. Narrated Abu Huraira: Allah's Apostle said, "Allah said, 'I will declare war against him
who shows hostility to a pious worshipper of Mine. And the most beloved things with
which My slave comes nearer to Me, is what I have enjoined upon him; and My slave
keeps on coming closer to Me through performing Nawafil (praying or doing extra
deeds besides what is obligatory) till I love him, so I become his sense of hearing with
which he hears, and his sense of sight with which he sees, and his hand with which he
grips, and his leg with which he walks; and if he asks Me, I will give him, and if he asks
My protection (Refuge), I will protect him; (i.e. give him My Refuge) and I do not
hesitate to do anything as I hesitate to take the soul of the believer, for he hates
death, and I hate to disappoint him." (Sahih Bukhari, Book #76, Hadith #509)
2. Presence of Shaytan at deathbed
3. A Kafir’s belief at the death bed is not acceptable
4. The Angel of Death sits at the head of the dying person
5. The Angel of Death informs the believer of Allah’s forgiveness and pleasure, and informs the
Kafir of Allah’s wrath and anger
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11. 4.2 Soul’s Journey
1. The soul of the believer comes out easily; the Kafir is punished with difficulty with which his soul
comes out
2. The sould of the believer comes out with a scent like the finest musk, and the soul of the Kafir comes
out with a stench like the foulest rotting meat
3. The believer’s soul comes out whilst he is praising Allah
4. The soul is taken, the eyes follow it. [Hadith in Muslim]
5. Angels come with silk cloth and ask the soul to come out. [ Inb Majah, Ibn Hibban ]
6. Angels praise the believer’s soul as it is raised to the Heaven
7. Angels come with stinky rug and yanks the soul from the body of the unbeliever [ Inb Majah, Ibn
Hibban ]
8. Angels curse the unbeliever’s soul as it raised up [ Surah an-Nisa, 4; Ayat 97 ]
9. The Angels open all of the heavens, one after the other, for the soul of the believer, all of it is opened
for him
10. The gates of heaven are not opened for the Kafir
11. Allah (swt) orders that the soul of the Believer should be returned to the earth after his book has
been registered in “al-Illiyun” [ Surah Al-Mutaffifin, 83, Ayat 18-20 ]
12. The soul of Kafir is thrown down from the heaven back into his body, after his book has been
registered in “Sijjin”. [ Surah Al-Mutaffifin, 83, Ayat 7-9 ]
13. The pressing of the grave
14. Mental faculties will be restored to the dead in the grave [ Sahih at-Taghrib wa’t –Tarhib, Vol 4 ]
15. Two Angels come to question [ Tirmidhi ]
16. Allah will help and strengthen the believers in the grave [ Surah al-Ibrahim, 14, Ayat 27; Sahih Bukhari
]
17. The righteous man will sit in his grave unafraid before the questioning, whilst the evil man will sit in
his grave utterly terrified. [ Sahih at-Taghrib wa’t –Tarhib ]
18. For the believer, a door/window will be opened from his grave onto Paradise [ Narrated Al-Bara' ibn
Azib; Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 40, Number 4735 ]
19. For the unbeliever/Kafir, a door/window will be opened from his grave onto Hell-Fire [ Narrated Al-
Bara' ibn Azib; Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 40, Number 4735 ]
20. The believer will see his place in Paradise; and the Kafir will see his place in Hell-fire [ Narrated Al-
Bara' ibn Azib; Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 40, Number 4735 ]
21. The grave of the believer will be widened as far as eye can see, and the grave of the Kafir will be
constricted
22. The good deeds will come in the form of a handsome, well dressed, finely perfumed man, who will
bring glad tidings. The bad deeds will come in the form of a scruffily-dressed, stinking man who will
bring disturbing news [ Narrated Al-Bara' ibn Azib; Sunan Abu Dawud, Book 40, Number 4735 ]
23. The Kafir will be struck with an iron chain until he is turned to dust [ Narrated Al-Bara' ibn Azib; Sunan
Abu Dawud, Book 40, Number 4735 ]
24. Animals can hear the punishment of the grave [ Sahih al-Jami ]
25. The soul of the believer is tied to his debt [ Tirmidhi ]
26. The dead does not hear [ the way we do and react ] what goes on the earth [ Surah ar-Rum, 30; Ayat
52-53. Surah Fatir, 35; Ayat 22-23 ]
27. Exception, people of Kulaib [After battle of Badr] heard the words of the Prophet (saw) [ al-Alusi,
Kitab al-Ayat al-Bayyanat fi Adam Sama al-Amwat ]
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12. 5 Al-Qabr :: The Grave
5.1 Rewards in the Grave
1. To see his place in the Hellfire had he been a sinner; and to see his position in Paradise that
Allah (swt) has substituted for him
2. Light in the grave
3. Widening of the grave
4. Deep and comfortable sleep
5. Souls in green birds flying in Paradise
6. Cool and green
7. Good actions look like good-looking person to keep him company
8. Prays in the grave
9. Given special dress & covering
10. Given bed
11. Glad tidings of things that happen to his family / children
12. Portal to Jannah; will get its fragrance, etc
5.2 Punishment in the Grave
1. Sees the position in Paradise had he done good, and his abode in the Hellfire that was
substituted for him
2. Tightness of his grave to the extent that his ribs will break
3. Portal to Hellfire
4. Bad actions look like evil-looking person to keep him company
5. Darkness
6. Beaten with hammer until he turns to dust then will be returned as was
7. Bed of fire
5.3 Actions that Impact in Grave
5.3.1 Safety from Punishment
1. Du’a
2. Charity
a. Specially for Orphans
3. Knowledge
5.3.2 Some Reasons for Punishment
1. Riba
2. Not clean during urination
3. Nameemah (Slandering) / Geebah (Backbiting)
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