Digestion ppt by 10 a manjot singh
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The document summarizes the key phases and organs involved in human digestion. It discusses: 1) The five phases of digestion: ingestion, movement, mechanical and chemical breakdown, absorption, and elimination. 2) The major organs that make up the gastrointestinal tract - the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum. 3) The small intestine's role in absorbing nutrients through finger-like villi and microvilli and secreting digestive enzymes.
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Digestion ppt by 10 a manjot singh
- 1. Made by –manjotsingh Helpers Lovepreet kaur Harleen Harsimran Jasleen Jasmeet Karan Lovely
- 2. DigestionDigestion Phases Include 1. Ingestion 2. Movement 3. Mechanical and Chemical Digestion 4. Absorption 5. Elimination
- 3. DigestionDigestion Types ◦ Mechanical (physical) Chew Tear Grind Mash Mix ◦ Chemical Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of ◦ Carbohydrates ◦ Proteins ◦ Lipids
- 4. Digestive System OrganizationDigestive System Organization • Gastrointestinal (Gl) tract –Tube within a tube –Direct link/path between organs –Structures • Mouth • Pharynx • Esophagus • Stomach • Small intestine • Large Intestine • Rectum 4
- 5. MouthMouthTeeth mechanically break down food into small pieces. Tongue mixes food with saliva (contains amylase, which helps break down starch). Epiglottis is a flap- like structure at the back of the throat that closes over the trachea preventing food from entering it.
- 6. EsophagusEsophagus Approximately 10” long Functions include: 1.Secrete mucus 2.Moves food from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement called peristalsis If acid from the stomach gets in here that’s heartburn.
- 7. StomachStomachJ-shaped muscular bag that stores the food you eat, breaks it down into tiny pieces. Mixes food with digestive juices that contain enzymes to break down proteins and lipids. Acid in the stomach kills bacteria. Food found in the stomach is called chyme. 7
- 8. Small IntestineSmall Intestine Small intestines are roughly 7 meters long Lining of intestine walls has finger-like projections called villi, to increase surface area. The villi are covered in microvilli which further increases surface area for absorption. 8
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- 10. Small IntestineSmall IntestineNutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls. Absorbs: ◦ 80% ingested water ◦ Vitamins ◦ Minerals ◦ Carbohydrates ◦ Proteins ◦ Lipids • Secretes digestive enzymes 10
- 11. Large IntestineLarge Intestine About 5 feet long Accepts what small intestines don’t absorb Rectum (short term storage which holds feces before it is expelled).
- 12. Large IntestineLarge IntestineFunctions ◦ Bacterial digestion Ferment carbohydrates Protein breakdown – Absorbs more water – Concentrate wastes
- 13. Accessory OrgansAccessory Organs Not part of the path of food, but play a critical role. Include: Liver, gall bladder, and pancreas
- 14. LiverLiver Directly affects digestion by producing bile ◦ Bile helps digest fat • filters out toxins and waste including drugs and alcohol 14
- 15. Gall BladderGall Bladder Stores bile from the liver, releases it into the small intestine. Fatty diets can cause gallstones
- 16. PancreasPancreas Produces digestive enzymes to digest fats, carbohydrates and proteins Regulates blood sugar by producing insulin
- 17. Fun FactsFun Facts • HOW LONG ARE YOUR INTESTINES? At least 25 feet in an adult. Be glad you're not a full-grown horse -- their coiled-up intestines are 89 feet long! • Food drying up and hanging out in the large intestine can last 18 hours to 2 days! • In your lifetime, your digestive system may handle about 50 tons!!
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Notes de l'éditeur
- Presentation on
- A good way to describe peristalsis is an ocean wave moving through the muscle. These diagrams don’t separate the esophagus from the mouth functions, you might want to talk about what happens in the mouth too.
- The stomach takes around 4 hours to do it’s job on the food, depending on what kinds of food are digested.
- Depending on the maturity of the group, you can talk about the feces leaving via the anus. Mention the appendix at the bottom of the ascending colon and that it might have been used long ago but is not today Mention the portions of the large intestine, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, and rectum (last one if the audience is mature enough)
- Livers can regenerate missing pieces if necessary. Is one of the largest organs in the body.
- Explain to students that removing the stones typically means removing the gallbladder, but that the body eventually adjusts to not having the bile stored.
- Explain the difference between the two types of diabetes. In type 1, the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin. In type 2, the body stops responding properly to the insulin it creates.