1. THE
MYTHICAL
MAN-MONTH
ÈË ÔÂ Éñ »°
FREDERICK P. BROOKS, JR.
·-Òë £º Adams Wang

2. ¹ØÓÚ×÷Õß
Frederick P. Brooks£¬ Jr.ÊDZ¿¨ÂÞ À´ÄÉóѧ Kenan-Flagler ÉÌѧԺµÄ¼ÆËã»ú¿ ½Ì
ÊÚ£¬±¿¨À´ÂÞÄÉóѧλÓùúÖݵ²é¼¶ûÏ¡ Brooks ±»ÈÏΪÊÇ¡° IBM 360
ϵͳ֮¸¡± £¬ Ëûµ£ÈÎÁ 360 ϵͳÄ-Àí£¬ÒÔ¼° 360 ²Ù×÷ϵͳ ÏîÄ¿Éè¼Æ½×¶Îµ¾-Àí¡£
ÔÚÉÏÊöîÄ¿µ½Ü³¹±×£¬Ëû¡¢ Bob Evans ºÍ Erich Bloch ÔÚ 1985 ÄêÈÙ»ñÁË ÃÀ¹ú¼ÒÊõ½±
£¨ National Medal of Techology£© ¡£ ÔçÆÚ£¬ Brooks Ôøµ£ÈÎ IBM Stretch ºÍ Harvest ¼ÆËã »ú
µÄÌåϽá¹Ê¦¡£
Ôڲ鼶ûÏ£¬ Brooks ²©Ê¿´Á¢Ë¼Æã»úѧϵ£¬ ²¢ÔÚ 1964 ÖÁ 1984 Äê Æڼ䵣ÈÎÖ÷ϯ¡
ËûÔøÈÎ Ö°ÓÚ ÃÀ¹ú ¼Ò¿Æ ¼¾ÖºÍ ¹ú·À ¿Æѧ¼ Êõί Ô±»á¡£ Brooks Ä¿Ç°µ½Ì ѧºÍÐ ¾¿·½ ÏòÊǼÆËã
»úÌåϵ½á¹¡¢·Ö×ÓÄ£ÐÍ漺éâ¾³

3. 1975 Ä ê ° æ Ï × ´ Ç
ÖÂÁ½Î»Ìرð·á¸ËÒ IBM ËêÔµÄÈ£º
Thomas J. Watson, Jr.£¬
Ëû¶ÔÈÃǵĹػ³Ú«¾ÒÀÎÞù²
ºÍ
Bob O. Evans£¬
Ëû´óµ¨ÄÁì¼Ê¹¤×÷³ÉΪ̽ÏÕ¡£
1995 Ä ê ° æ Ï × ´ Ç
Ö Nancy£¬
Éϵ۴͸øÎÒÄÀñï¡£

4. Preface to the 20th
Anniversary Edition£©
20 ÄêºóÈÔ È»¼ÌÐøÁ÷£¬ Ó¡Êý³¬¹ ÁË 250,000¡ÈË £
¡¶ ÈËÔÂÉñ»°
ÁîÎÒ¾ªÆæºÍ¸ßÐ˵ÄÊÇ£¬ ÚÔ·¡
ÃǾ-³£Îʬ ÎÒÔÚ 1975 Äê Ìá³öµÄ¹ÛãºÍ½¨Ò飬 ÄЩÊÇÎÒÈÔ»¼á³Öµ£¬ ÄЩÊÇÒѾ-¸±ä¹Ûµã£¬
ÊÇÔõÑù¸Ä±äµ£¿¾¡¹ÜÎÒڻЩ½²×ÉÏ·ÖöýÕâ̬ë°Ëü´³Â
Peter Gordon ÏÖÔÚÊÇ Addison-Wesley µÄ³ö°æ»ï飬Ëû´Ó 1980 Ä꿪ʼºÍÎÒ¹²Â¡£Ëû ·Ç
³£ÄÍЬ¶ÔÎÒ°ïÖúºÜ´ó¡Ëû½¨éÃÇ×¼±¸»öîæ¾²-ÈÞ©
Ö»ÊÇÔ-·â²¶¯µØÓ¡£¨³ýÁËÒЩϸÄÞÕ £¬²¢ÓøüеÄ˼ÏëÀ´©³ä¡
µÚ 16 ÕÂÖØÓ¡ ÁËһƪÔÚ 1986 Äê IFIPS »áÒéÉϵÄÂÛΡ¶ÃÓÐø¯£ºÈí¼þ¹¤³Ì¸ù±¾Í´
ÒªÎÊÌâ¡· ¡£ Õâ ƪÎÄÕÂÀ´ ×Ô ÎÒÔÚ¹ú·À ¿Æ ѧίԱ»á Ö÷ ³Ö¾üÓÃÈí ¼þ ·½ÃæÑо¿ ʱ µÄ¾-Ñé¡£ ÎÒ µ±ÊÄÑÐ
¾¿ºÏ×÷Õߣ¬Ò²ÊÇεÄÖ´ÐÃØé Robert L. Patrick °ïÖúÎÒ»Ø ÏëºÍ¸ÐÊÜÄÇ©×ö¹ýµÈí¼þ´óî
¼ÆËã»ú
Ä¿¡£ 1987 Ä꣬ IEEE µÄ¡¶ ¡·ÔÓÖ¾ØÁËÕâƪÂÛÎÄ£¬Ê¹ü´«²¥µÃ¸ã
¡¶Ã»ÓÐÒøµ¯¡·±»Ö¤Ã÷ÊǸ ÓÐÉ¿¶¯ Եģ¬Ëü ¤ÑÔÊ®Äê ÚûÓÐÈκ ±à³Ì¼ ÇÉÄܹ»¸øÈí¼þ µÄ
Éú²ÂÊ´ø À´ ÊýÁ¿¼¶ÉÏ µÄ Ìá¸ß¡£Ê® Äê ֻʣÏÂÒ Äê ÁË£¬ÎÒµÄ Ô¤ ÑÔ¿´À°² È« ÁË ¡£ ¡¶Ã»ÓÐ Òø µ¯¡·¼¤Æð
ÈËÔÂÉñ»°
ÁËÔ½À´¶àÎÄ×ÖÉϵ¾çÒÕùÂÛ£¬±È¡ ¡·»¹Òª¶à£ò´ËÔÚµ 17 Õ£¬ÎҶԻЩ¹«¿ªµÄ
ÅúÆÀ×÷Á˵㬲¢¸üÐÂÔÚ 1986 ÄêÌá³öµ¹Ûã¡£
ÈËÔÂÉñ»°
ÔÚ×¼±¸¡¶ ¡·µÄ»Ø¹ËºÍ¸üÐÂʱ£¬Ò»Ö ½øÐ µÄÈí¼þ¹¤³ÌÑо¿ºÍ - éÒѾ ÅúÆÀ¡¢ Ö¤
ʵºÍ·ñ¶¨ÁËÉÙýéÖÐÏÑÔĹÛ㣬 Ò²Ó°ÏìÁËΡ£ °þÈ¥¸¨ÖúµÄÕùÂÛºÍÊý¾Ýó£¬ °ÑÄÇЩ¹Ûµã´ÖÂÔ
µØ·ÖÀ࣬¶ÔÎҴ˺ÜÓаïú¡Ú 18 ÕÂÁгö ÕâЩ¹ÛµãĸÅÒª£¬ÏÍû¥÷³ÂÊöÜ»
ÒýÀ´ÕùÂÛºÍÖ¤¾Ý£¬È»óµÃ½Ê¡¢·ñ¶¨¸üÐò«Á
µÚ 19 ÕÂÊÇÒ» ƪ¸üеĶÌΡ£ ¶ÁÕßÓ¦¸Ã×¢ÒâµÄÊÇ£¬ й۵㲢»ÏóÔ-À´ÄÊéÒÑù×Î
Ç×Éí¾- Àú¡£ ÎÒÔÚ´ó ѧÀï ¹¤×÷£¬ ²»ÊÇ ÔÚ¹¤Òµ ½ç£¬ ×öµÄÊÇ Ð¡¹æ Ä£µÏî Ä¿£¬ ²»ÊÇ´ó ÏîÄ¿ ¡£×Ô 1986
ÄêÒÔÀ´£¬ ÎÒ¾ÍÖ»ÊǽÌÚÈí¼þ¹¤³£¬ ²»ÔÙ×öÕâ·½ÃæµÄÑо¿¡£ ÎÒÏÖÔÚµÄÑо¿ÁìÓòÊÇéâ»·³¼°Æä
Ӧá£
ÔÚÕâ´Î»Ø¹ËµÄ×¼±¸ ý³ÌÖУ¬ÎÒÕ ÁË »Ð© ý¹¤×÷ÔÚÈí¼þ¹¤³ÌÁìÓòµÄÅó Ñ£¬Õ÷Ç Ëûà µÄ µ±
-i-

5. Barry Boehm¡¢ Ken Brooks¡¢ Dick Case¡¢ James Coggins¡¢ Tom Demarco¡¢ Jim
McCarthy¡¢ David Parnas¡¢ Earl Wheeler ºÍ Edward Yourdon¡Ð¸£ »Ð Fay Eard ³öÉ«µØ¶ÔÐÂÄ
Õ½ÚøÐÁ˼ÊõÓ¹¤¡£
¸Ð»ÎÒÔÚ¹ú·À¿Æѧ¯±á¾üÊÂÈí¼þ¤×÷éµÄͬ Gordon Bell¡¢ Bruce Buchanan¡¢ Rick
Hayes-Roth£¬ ÌرðÊÇ David Parnas£¬ ¸Ð»ËûÃǵĶ´²ìÁ¦ºÍÉú¯Ïë·¨¡£ ¸Ð» Rebekah Bierly
¡° ¸ù±¾µÄ ´ÎÒªµÄ
¶Ô 16 ÕµÄÛ ÎĽøÐÁ˼ÊõÓ¹¤¡£ ÎÒ°ÑÈí¼þÊÌâ·Ö³É °¡Íº±¡ ¡± £¬ ÕâÊÇÜ Nancy
Greenwood Brooks µÄÆô·¢ £¬ËýÔÚһƪ Suzuki СÌáÇÙ ½ÌÓýµÄÂÛÎÖЦÃÁËÕâÑù·ö¨ ¡£
ÔÚ 1975 Äê°æ ±¾µÄÐòÑÔÖ£¬ Addison-Wesleys ³ö°æ Éç°´¹æ¶¨²»ÔÊÐíÎÒÏòËüµÄ©ÑÝÁ
¹Ø¼ü½ÇÉ«µÄÔ±¤ÖÂл¡£ÓÁ¸öÈËÏ×ëÌðẴà- Norman Stanton ºÍÃÀÊõ
Ö¸µ¼ Herbert Boes¡£ Boes Éè¼ÆÁËÓÅѵķç¸ñ£¬ ËûÔÚÆÀעʱÌØðáµ½£º ¡°Ò³ ±ßµÄ¿Õ°×Òªí£¬ ×Ö
ÌåºÍ°æà Ҫ ÓÐÏëñÁ¦¡± ¡£ ¸üÖØÒªµÄ ÊÇ £¬ËûÌá³ö ÁË ÖÁ¹ØÒª µÄ ½¨Ò飺Ϊ ÿ Ò»ÕµĿª Í· ÅäÒ»·ùͼ
Ƭ£¨µ±Ê ÎÒ Ö»ÓС°½¹ ÓÍ ¿Ó¡±ºÍ° À¼ ˹´ó½Ìà ¡± µÄͼƬ£© ¡£ Ñ° ÕÒâЩͼ Ƭ ʹÎҶ໨ ÁË Ò»ÄêµÊ±
¼ä£¬µ«ÎÒÓÀÔ¶¸Ð¤ÕâöÖæ¡
Soli Deo gloria£-Ô¸Éñ¶ÀµÃÈÙÒ«¡£
²éçê¶ûÏ£¬±¿¨ÂÞÀ´ÄÉ F.P.B., Jr.
1995 Äê 3 ÔÂ
- ii -

6. Preface to the First Edition£©
Ôںܶ෽Ã棬¹ÜÀíÒ»¸ö´óÐ͵ļÆËã»ú±à³ÌÏîÄ¿ºÍÆäËüÐ Òµ Ä´ó ͹¤³ÌºÜÏàËÆ¡ª ±È ´ó
¶àÊý³ÌÐòÔ±ËùÈÏΪµÄ»¹ÒÆ£ ÔںܶàÁíÍâµÄ·½Ã棬 ËüÓÖвî±ð¡ªÈ´ó¶àÊý°Òµ¾-ÀíùÏ
ΪµÄ²î±ð»¹Ò´ó¡£
Õâ¸öÁìÓòµÄ֪ʶÔÚÀÛ»ý¡£ ÏÖÔÚ AFIPS£¨ÃÀ¹úÐÅÏ¢´¦íѧ»áÁªº£© ÒѾ-ÓÐÁË»©ÌÖÂÛºÍ
»áÒ飬 Ò²³ö°æÁ˻ЩÊé¼®ºÍÂÛÎÄ£¬ µ«ÊÇ»¹ÃÓгÉÍÄ·½¨À´ÏØø²ûö¡£ ÌṩÕâÑùÒ»±¾
Ö÷Òª·´Ó³¸öÈ˹۵ãÄСÊé¿ÀǺϣ
ËäÈ»ÎÒÔ-À´ÓʼÆãú¿Ñ§µÄ±à³Ì·½Ã湤×÷£¬«ÇÚ 1956-1963 Äê ¼ä×Ô¶¯¿ØÖƳÌÐò
ºÍ¸ß¼¶ÓïÑÔ±àÒëÆ÷¿ª·¢³öÀ´µÄÊò£¬ÎÖ²Çþ¹Ü½Ãæ¤×¡Ú 1964 Ä꣬ÎÒ
³ÉΪ²Ù×÷ÏµÍ OS/360 µÄ¾-Àí£¬·¢ÏÖǰЩê½øչʱà³Ìç¸äÁ˺ܶ¡
¹ÜÀí OS/360 µÄ¿ª·¢ÊǺÜÓаïÖú¾-À£¬ ËäÈ»Êǧ°ÜµÄ¡£ ÄǸöÍŶӣ¬ °üÀ¨ÎҵļÌȾ- Àí
F. M. Trapnell£¬Óкܶà ÖµÃ×ÔºÀĶ«Î÷¡£Ç¸öÏͳ°ü¨ÁËÜàÓÅÐãÉè¼ÆÊ©¬¹¦Ø
Ó¦ÃÔںܶàÁìò£¬ ÌرðÊÇÉè¸ÎÞ¹µÄäÈë³öºÍⲿÜÀí£¬ ±»ºÜ¶à¼Êõ¸ïй㷴ÖÆ¡£ Ëü
ÏÖÔÚÊÇ®·¿ÉµÄ£¬à±ÓЧºÍ³¨Ã¡
µ«ÊÇ£¬ ²¢»ÊÇËùÓеÄŬÁ¦¶¼³É¹¡£ ËùÓÐ OS/360 µÄÓû§ºÜ ¿ì¾ÍÄÜ·¢ÏÖËüÓ¦¸Ã×öµ
ºÃ¡£ Éè¼ÆºÍʵÏÖÄȱÝÔڿسÌÐòðÕ飬 Ïà±È֮£¬ ÓïÑÔ±àÒëÆ÷¾ÍºÃµ¶¡£ ´ó¶àÊý
ÕâЩȱÏÝ·¢ÉúÔÚ 1964-1965 ÄêµÉè¼Æ ½×¶Î£¬ ËùÒÔÕâ¿Ï¶¨ÊÇεÄðÈ¡£ ´ËÍ⣬ Õâ¸ö²úÆ·¢¼Í
³ÙÁË£¬ ÐèÒªµÄÚ´æ±È¼Æ»®Ö¶à£¬ ³É±¾Ò²ÊǹÀ¼ÆµÄºÃ¸¶£¬ ¶øÇÒµÚ»´Î·¢²¼Ê±ÄܺÃ
µØÔËУ¬Ö±½·¢²¼Á¸´ÎÒºó¡
¾ÍÏóµ±³õ½ÓÊÜ OS/360 µÄ ÈÎñʱÐ-É̺õģ¬ ÔÚ 1965 ÄêÀ뿪 IBM ºó£¬ ÎÒÀ´µ½²éçê¶ûÏ£ ¡£
ÎÒ¿ªÊ¼·Öö OS/360 µÄ¾-Ñé £¬¿´Äܲ»ÓÖÐѧµ½ÊùÀíºÍ¼õÉÏ̡رðÎÒªË
Ã÷ System/360 Ó²¼þ¿ª·¢ºÍ OS/360 Èí ¼þ¿ª·¢ÖеĹÜÀí¾-ÑéÊdz£²»Í¬¡¶Ô Tom Watson ¹Ø
ÓÚΪʲô±à³ÌÄÑÒÔ¹ÜÀíµ½Ë÷Ð⣬վéÇ»·ÝÙ𰸡
ÔÚÕâ´Î̽Ë÷ÖУ¬ÎÒºÍ 1964-65 Ä ê µ Ä ¾-ÀíÖúÀí R.P.Case£ ¬ » ¹ ÓÐ 1965-68 Ä ê µ Ä ¾ - Àí
F.M.Trapnell£¬ ½øÐÁ˳¤ ̸£¬ ´ÓÖÐÊÜÒæÁ¼¶à¡£ ÎÒ¶Ô±ÈÁËÆäû´óÐÍà³ÌÏîÄ¿µ¾-Àí½áÂÛ£¬ °ü
À¨ M.I.T.µÄ F.J.Corbato£¬ Bell µç»°ÊÑéÒÄ V.Vyssotsky£¬ International Computers
- iii -

7. Limited µÄ Charles Portman£¬ËÕÁª¿Æ ѧԺÎ÷²®ÀûÇ·Ö¿¼ÆËãʵéÒÄ A.P.Ershov£¬ºÍ IBM
µÄ A.M.Pietrasanta¡£
ÎÒ×Ô¼ºµÄ½áÂÛÌåÏÖÔÚ ÂÃæµÄÎ ×Ö Ð£¬Ë͸øÖ°Òµ³ÌÐòÔ±¡¢Ö°Òµ¾-Àí¡¢ÌرðÊdz ÐòÔ±µÄ Ö°
Òµ¾-Àí¡£
ËäȻд³öÀµÄÊÇ·ÖëÕ½ڣ¬ »¹ÊÇÓÐÒ¸öÖĵÂÛ㣬 Ìرð°üº¬ÔÚµ 2-7 Õ¡£ ¼òÑÔ Ö® £¬
ÎÒÏàÐÅÓÉÚÈËÔ±µÄ·Ö¹¤£¬ ´óÐͱà³ÌÏîÄ¿Åöµ½¹ÜÀíÎÊ⺡Çø𣻠ÎÒÏàÐŹؼüèª
ÊÇά³Ö²úÆ·×ÔÉíµÄ¸ÅîÍêÕûС£ ÕâЩ½ÚÌÖÁËÆäµÄÀ§ÑºÍ¾ö·¨¡£ ºóÐøµÄÕ½ÚÌÖ
Èí¼þ¹¤³ÌÜÀµÄÆäËû·½Ãæ¡£
Õâ¸öÁìÓòµÄÎ Ïײ¢ »¶à£¬µ«É¢²¼ºÜ¹ã¡£Òò´ËÎ ³¢ÊÔ¸ø ö²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏ£¬ËµÃ÷ij¸öÌض¨Öª ʶ
µãºÍÖ¸ÒýÐËȤĶÁÕߥ¿´ÆäûÓù×÷¡£ ºÜ¶àÅóÓÑÁ¹ý˱¾ÊéµÄָ壬 ÆäÖÐÒ»©ÅóÓѸø
³öÁ˺ÜÓаïÖúµÄÒâ¼û¡£ ÕâЩҼûºÜÓÛÖµ£¬ µ«ÎªÁ˲»´òÂÒÄ×Öͨ³£¬ ÎÒ°ÑËüÃÇ×÷ª¢½â
º¬ÔÚÊéÖС£
ÒòΪÕâ±¾Êé ÇËæ ²»Ê ¿Î±¾£¬ËùÓеIJο¼ Ï×ºÍ ¢½â¶¼±»·Åµ½Êé Ä ©Î²£¬½¨Òé¶ÁÕß ÔÚ
¶ÁµÚÒ»±éÊÂÔÈ¥²¿´¡£
ÉîÇи» Sara Elizabeth Moore С½ã£¬ David Wagner ÏÈÉú£¬ºÍ Rebecca Burris ·òÈË£¬
ËûÃÇ°ïÖúÎÒ×¼±¸ÁÊ塣л Joseph C.Sloane ½ÌÊÚÔͼâ·ÃæµÄ¨Òé¡£
²éçê¶ûÏ£¬±¿¨ÂÞÀ´ÄÉ F.P.B., Jr
1974 Äê 10 ÔÂ
- iv -

8. Contents£©
PREFACE TO THE 20TH ANNIVERSARY EDITION£©
¶þÊ®ÖÜÄê ¼Í Äî°æÐòÑÔ £¨ ...................... I
µÚÒ»°æÐò ÑÔ £¨ PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION£© ............................................................ III
Ŀ¼£¨ CONTENTS£© ..................................................................................................................... V
½¹ÓÍ¿ £¨ THE TAR PIT£© ..............................................................................................................1
±à³ÌϵͲúÆ· ...............................................................................................................................1
Ö°ÒµÄÀȤ ...................................................................................................................................3
ְҵĿàÕ ...................................................................................................................................4
ÈËÔÂÉñ»° £¨ THE MYTHICAL MAN-MONTH£© ...........................................................................6
ÀÖ¹Û÷Òå .......................................................................................................................................7
ÈËÔÂ ...............................................................................................................................................8
ϵͳ²âÊÔ .....................................................................................................................................10
¿Õ·ºµÄ¹ÀËã ................................................................................................................................. 11
Öظ´²úɵĽø¶ÈÔÑ .................................................................................................................12
Íâ ¿Æ ÊÖ Êõ¶ÓÎé £¨ THE SURGICAL TEAM£© ...............................................................................16
ÎÊÌâ
.............................................................................................................................................16
MILLS µÄ½¨Òé .............................................................................................................................17
ÈçºÎÔË×÷ .....................................................................................................................................20
ÍŶӵÄÀ©½¨ .................................................................................................................................21
¹ó×å ¨ÖÆ¡¢ ÃñÖ÷Õþ Î ºÍ ϵͳÉè¼Æ £¨ ARISTOCRACY, DEMOCRACY, AND SYSTEM DESIGN£©
........................................................................................................................................................22
¸ÅÄîÒ»ÖÂÐÔ .................................................................................................................................22
»ñµÃ¸ÅÄîÍêÕûÐÔ .....................................................................................................................23
¹ó×å¨ÖÆͳκÃñ÷Õþ .........................................................................................................24
Ôڵȴýʱ£¬ÏÖËÓ¦¸Ã×ö²¿ .........................................................................................26
»-ÉßÌí×ã £¨ THE SECOND-SYSTEM EFFECT£© ......................................................................29
½á¹Ê¦µÄ»¥×¼ÔòºÍúÖÆ .........................................................................................................29
×ÔÂÉ¡ª¿·¢µÚ¶þ¸öÏͳËù´øÀĺó¹û .................................................................................30
¹á³ Ö´Ð £¨ PASSING THE WORD£© ..........................................................................................33
Îĵ»¯¹æ¸ñËÃ÷¡ªÊÖ²á .....................................................................................................33
ÐÎʽ»¯¶¨Òå .................................................................................................................................34
Ö±½ÓÕûºÏ .....................................................................................................................................36
»áÒéºÍ´ó .................................................................................................................................36
¶àÖØÊµÏ .....................................................................................................................................38
-v-

9. .....................................................................................................................................38
²úÆ·âÊÔ .....................................................................................................................................38
Ϊʲô°Í ±È Â×Ëþ»áʧ °Ü £¿ £¨ WHY DID THE TOWER OF BABEL FAIL?£© ...........................40
°Í±ÈÂ×ËþµÄ¹ÜÀí½ÌÑ .................................................................................................................41
´óÐͱà³ÌÏîÄ¿Öµ½»Á÷ .............................................................................................................41
ÏîÄ¿¹¤×÷ÊÖ²á .............................................................................................................................42
´óÐͱà³ÌÏîÄ¿µ×éÖ¯¼Ü¹ .........................................................................................................44
ÐØÓ ³ÉÖñ £¨ CALLING THE SHOT£© ..........................................................................................49
PORTMAN ýÊĵ ݾ ........................................................................................................................50
ARON µÄÊý¾Ý ..............................................................................................................................51
HARR µÄÊý¾Ý ..............................................................................................................................51
OS/360 µÄÊý ¾Ý ...........................................................................................................................53
CORBATO ýÊĵ ݾ ........................................................................................................................53
Ï÷×ãÊ ÂÄ £¨ TEN POUNDS IN A FIVE-POUND SACK£© ..........................................................55
×÷Ϊ³É±¾µÄÌÐò¿Õ¼ä .................................................................................................................55
¹æÄ£¿ØÖÆ .....................................................................................................................................56
¿Õ¼äÄÜ .....................................................................................................................................57
Êý¾ÝµÄ±íÏÖÐνÇà³Ì¸ù .................................................................................................58
Ìá¸ÙêüÁì £¨ THE DOCUMENTARY HYPOTHESIS£© ...............................................................60
¼ÆËã»ú²·µÄÎ .....................................................................................................................60
´óѧ¿ÆϵÄÎ .........................................................................................................................62
Èí¼þÏîÄ¿µÎ .........................................................................................................................62
ΪʲôÒÓÐÕý½µÄ£¿ .........................................................................................................63
δÓê³ñçÑ £¨ PLAN TO THROW ONE AWAY£© ............................................................................64
ÊÔÑéй¤³§ºÍö´óæÄ£ .............................................................................................................64
Ψһ²±äµÄ¾ÍÊǯÉí .........................................................................................................65
Ϊ±ä¸ü¼Æ»®ÏµÍ³ .........................................................................................................................66
Ϊ±ä¸ü¼Æ»®×éܹ֯ .................................................................................................................66
Ç°½øÁ²£¬ºóÍËÒ» .................................................................................................................68
Ç°½øÒ»²£¬ºóÍË .................................................................................................................69
¸É½«ÄªÐ° £¨ SHARP TOOLS£© ......................................................................................................71
Ä¿±ê»úÆ÷ .....................................................................................................................................72
¸¨Öú»Æ÷ºÍÊý¾Ý·þÎñ .................................................................................................................73
¸ß¼¶ÓïÑԺͽ»¥Ê±à³Ì .............................................................................................................76
ÕûÌ岿·Ö £¨ THE WHOLE AND THE PARTS£© ..........................................................................78
ÌÞ³ý BUG èÉĵ Ƽ ........................................................................................................................78
¹¼þµ¥Ôª÷Ê .............................................................................................................................80
- vi -