1. GROUP DEVELOPMENT

2. The Issues
The nature and types of groups
The stages of group development
Considerations in creating effective
teams

3. The nature and types of groups
Two or more people
interacting interdependently
to achieve a common goal
Formal groups
Established by an organization to facilitate the
achievement of organizational goals
Informal groups
Neither formally structure nor organizationally
determined
Emerge naturally in response to the interests of members

4. Types of Groups/Teams
Management teams
Groups of multiple individuals brought
together who all share management
responsibility and are brought together to
make some higher level management
decisions
Work teams
Groups of people who focus on producing a
particular product or service
Self-managed work teams: Groups of,
typically, 10 to 15 people who take on
responsibilities of their former
supervisors.

5. Types of Groups/Teams
Cross-functional teams
Groups of people from different work
areas (from about the same hierarchical
level), who come together to accomplish a
task.
• Task forces
• Committees

6. Types of Groups/Teams
Virtual teams
Groups of people that
use computer technology
to tie together physically
dispersed members in
order to achieve a
common goal.
Characteristics of virtual team
Characteristics of virtual team
1. The absence of paraverbal and nonverbal cues
1. The absence of paraverbal and nonverbal cues
2. A limited social context
2. A limited social context
3. The ability to overcome time and space constraints
3. The ability to overcome time and space constraints

7. Stages of Group Development

8. Stages of Group Development

9. Stages of Group Development
(cont’d)

10. Cohesiveness and Group
Effectiveness
Increasing group cohesiveness:
Increasing group cohesiveness:
1.
1.
2.
2.
3.
3.
4.
4.
5.
5.
6.
6.
7.
7.
Make the group smaller.
Make the group smaller.
Encourage agreement with group goals.
Encourage agreement with group goals.
Increase time members spend together.
Increase time members spend together.
Increase group status and admission difficultly.
Increase group status and admission difficultly.
Stimulate competition with other groups.
Stimulate competition with other groups.
Give rewards to the group, not individuals.
Give rewards to the group, not individuals.
Physically isolate the group.
Physically isolate the group.

11. Relationship Between Group
Cohesiveness, Performance Norms,
and Productivity

12. A Team-Effectiveness Model

13. The Issues
The nature and types of groups
The stages of group development
Considerations in creating effective
teams (e.g., group cohesiveness)