3. • Cloud computing is the use of
computing resources (hardware
and software) that are delivered
as a service over a
network (typically the Internet).
• The name ‘cloud ’ comes from
the early days of the Internet
where the network drawn as a
cloud in flowcharts.*
4. Cloud computing history
• Cloud computing is the new name for an old
service.
• The underlying concept of cloud computing dates
back to the 1950s. *
• John McCarthy* predicted in the 1960s that
"computation may someday be organized as
a public utility.“
5. • What made cloud computing a demanded product was the need to make
things easier, save on expenditures, infrastructure, maintenance, etc..
• Amazon was one of the first providers of cloud computing to external
customers, they launched Amazon Web Service (AWS) on a utility
computing basis in 2006.
• According to salesforce.com By 2020 the cloud computing market is
forecast to exceed $ 241 B
8. Public Cloud Computing
• A public cloud is also called ‘external cloud’
• Offers a self-service web portal where the users can specify their
desired scope of services
• All cloud providers offer wide range of options in performance,
pricing and feature set.
• Some of the cloud providers offer Platform-as-a-Service and
other offer Infrastructure-as-a-Service
10. Advantages of Public cloud
computing
• Utility Price Model
• API access
• Configure & Pay Online
11. Private Cloud
• Private Cloud is a special kind of cloud computing where the
access to the service is limited to only one organization or a
specific group or people.
• Internally managed*
• Externally managed*
12. Private cloud models
• Internal private cloud:
Private cloud implemented and controlled by the organization IT
department and serve’s only the organization requirements.
• Virtual private cloud:
Controlled and managed by a third-party to serve a specific
organization or a group of people.
• Community private cloud:
It is similar to virtual private cloud except that it serves a specific and
a limited group of different organizations.
13. Current Solutions and Providers:
1. Open source solutions
Example: Open-Nebula.
2. Proprietary solutions:
Example: Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC),
VMWare private cloud.
14. Open Nebula
•OpenNebula is a distributed virtual machine
manager which allows virtualization of the
infrastructure. It also features an integral
management of virtual services, including
networking and image management.
•OpenNebula is principally a middleware that is
placed between the infrastructure layer and
service layer.
•The OpenNebula supports private, public and
hybrid cloud.
Fig (2)
15. Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)
Amazon Virtual Private Cloud is a solution offered by Amazon which
enables private cloud establishment in Amazon EC2 (Elastic Compute
Cloud) cloud environment. Through gateways on both ends, a secure
connection is setup enabling connection between two clouds. This can
also be referred as public private cloud. This solution opens new
possibilities of cloud extension such as:
• Cloud burst: ability to add extra capacity to a private cloud without
having to add more hardware.
• Lab cloud: using VPC for conducting tests
• Business continuity cloud: business continuity for failure mitigation
private cloud.
16. Advantages of private cloud
• Reduce IT and personal costs.
• Better efficiency in getting IT needs setup.
• Can help with some security concerns.
• Time savings.
• Cost savings.
17. Hybrid cloud
• A hybrid cloud is a cloud computing environment in which an
organization provides and manages some resources in-house and has
others provided externally.
• For example, an organization might use a public cloud service for
archived data but continue to maintain in-house storage for operational
customer data.
• The hybrid approach allows a business to take advantage of the
scalability and cost-effectiveness that a public cloud computing
environment offers without exposing mission-critical applications and
data to third-party vulnerabilities.
19. Cloud Service Models
Software as a Platform as a Infrastructure as a
Service (SaaS) Service (PaaS) Service (IaaS)
19 Adopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim Grance
20. Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
• Definition
– Provision model in which an organization outsources
the equipment used to support operations, including
storage, hardware, servers and networking
components.
– Also known as Hardware as a Service (HaaS).
– Service provider owns the equipment; responsible for housing, running and
maintaining it.
– Client typically pays on a per-use basis.
20
21. Characteristics of
Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)
• Utility computing and billing model
• Automation of administrative tasks
• Dynamic scaling
• Desktop virtualization
• Policy-based services
• Internet connectivity
21
22. Where Iaas makes Sense
• Where demand is very volatile – any time there are significant
spikes and troughs in terms of demand on the infrastructure.
• For new organizations to invest without the capital in hardware.
• Where an organization is growing rapidly and scaling hardware
would be problematic.
• Pressure on the organization to limit expenditure on capital and
move on to operating expenditure.
• Trial or temporary infrastructural needs for specific line of business.
23. IaaS Providers
– Amazon Web Services
– Bluelock
– CSC
– Go Grid
– IBM
– OpenStack
– Rackspace
– Savvis
– Terremark.
24. Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Allows businesses to build and run web based
application in an on demand fashion.
• Includes web application design, app hosting
and app development.
25. Types of Platform as a Service
• Stand Alone Business Application Platforms
• Social Application Development Platforms
• Web based Application Add-On Platforms
• Open-Computing Platforms
26. PaaS: Characteristics &
Service Providers
• Multi-tenant Efficient
• Cloud Services
• Abstraction
Service Providers
• Saleforce’s Force.com
• Microsoft Azure
• Engine Yard
• Google App Engine.
27. Software as a Service(SaaS)
• Sometimes called as “On demand Software”
• Software Delivery Model
• Hosted on the cloud by vendor and made available to customers
through network.
Features
• Scalable
• Multi Tenant Efficient
• Configurable and Customizable
28. SaaS: Architecture &
Service providers
• Multi Tenant Architecture
• Single Tenant Architecture
Service Providers
• iCloud
• Google Apps
• Salesforce.com
29. Advantages of Saas and Paas
• Less Initial Investment
• Low Maintenance Costs
• Speed of Deployment
• Immediate updates and new features
• Global Accessibility
• Support more agile and quick implementation.
30. IN PARALLEL THERE HAS BEEN BACKLASH AGAINST
CLOUD COMPUTING: ETHICS AND POTENTIAL RISKS
• Use of cloud computing means dependence on others and that
could possibly limit flexibility and innovation:
The others are likely become the bigger Internet companies like
Google and IBM, who may monopolise the market.
Some argue that this use of supercomputers is a return to the time
of mainframe computing that the PC was a reaction against.
31. Risks and Ethical issues Contd.
• Security could prove to be a big issue:
It is still unclear how safe out-sourced data is and when using these
services ownership of data is not always clear.
• There are also issues relating to policy and access:
If your data is stored abroad whose policy do you adhere to?
What happens if the remote server goes down?
How will you then access files?
There have been cases of users being locked out of accounts and
losing access to data.
32. Futuristic trends in Cloud Computing
• Mobile Cloud Computing
• Social Software
• Low-power processor and Green IT
• Faster Interconnects
• Hybrid Cloud Computing
IaaSdelivers computer infrastructure, typically a platform virtualization environment, as a service. Rather than purchasing servers, software, data center space or network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service. PaaSdeliver a computing platform where the developers can develop their own applications. SaaSis a model of software deployment where the software applications are provided to the customers as a service.
