Santiago do Chile

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Santiago
© 2008 Stig Albeck & Ventus Publishing ApS
Translation: Maria Lundberg

All rights and copyright relating to the content of this
book are the property of Ventus Publishing ApS, and/or its
suppliers. Content from ths book, may not be reproduced
in any shape or form without prior written permission from
Ventus Publishing ApS.
Quoting this book is allowed when clear references are made,
in relation to reviews are allowed.

ISBN 978-87-7061-264-7
1st edition

Pictures and illustrations in this book are reproduced according
to agreement with the following copyright owners

Gorm Albeck & Stig Albeck.

The stated prices and opening hours are indicative and may
have be subject to change after this book was published.


Santiago Kapiteloverskrift ONLIBRI


4

Santiago A visit to Santiago

A visit to Santiago
www.ciudad.cl
www.sernatur.cl

The Chilean capital, Santiago, is a meeting place As the Andes constitute the east, the Pacific
between cultures and nature. Here you find both Ocean makes up the west, and when visiting
new and old things, which have been influenced by Santiago, you should take time to visit the old and
both the Spanish and the Indian culture, and the very evocative port, Valparaíso, where the
architecture has a wonderful southern charm. unsteady lifts bring people up and down the
mountain slopes of the city. Close to this, the
Despite the size of the city, you are never far from fashionable beach town, Viña del Mar, is situated.
nature in Santiago. In the city itself, you find large With its exclusiveness, it adds another dimension
parks and several ridges from where you have to the diversity of the surroundings of Santiago.
beautiful views over Santiago and its surroundings.
Between some of the hills, you can even take funiculars. Have a nice trip!
As a great scene, the tall and omnipresent Andes in
Chile make up the eastern horizon. The snow is clearly
visible on top of the mountains, and it gives a special
contrast in the pleasant Chilean summer heat, which
you can enjoy in for example one of the many nice
restaurants in the city.


5

Santiago Historical outline

made the capital of Chile, and Bernardo O’Higgins
Historical outline became the first president of the country.

During Chile’s fight for independence in the
The Santiago area was inhabited by the local Indian
period between 1810 and 1818, the city was only
tribes for several thousands of years before the first
moderately damaged, among other things in
Europeans arrived.
connection with the Battle of Maipú south-west of
the city.
Santiago was founded in 1541 by Pedro de Valdivia
at the Santa Lucia Hill close to the present centre
Through the 19th century, the growth in the
of the city. The city’s full name was Santiago de
population of Santiago began. When the country
Nueva Extremadura, and it was the farthest
became independent less than 30 000 people lived
outpost in the Spanish colonial empire.
here, and only a few decades later, there were
more than 100 000 inhabitants. Some large and
The city grew slowly, and the Indian tribe,
beautiful buildings from the Spanish period were
Picunche, helped the Spanish colonialists erecting
placed here, among others the Palacaio de la
buildings in the area south of the Mapocho River,
Moneda as well as a number of churches and
which was drained and laid out as Alameda.
monasteries, and more buildings and parks were
Alameda was later renamed Avenida Libertador
now established. The Quinta Normal Park was
Bernardo O’Higgins. At the end of the 17th
laid out as a recreational area, and 15 years later,
century, about 200 houses constituted Santiago,
the Teatro Municipal was built as the new cultural
which had 700 Spanish citizens as well as quite a
centre of the city. At this time, bridges across the
few Indian workers.
Mapocho River were constructed, which
permitted a large city development in new areas
However, a peaceful coexistence with all Indians
close to the historical centre. Santiago was also
was not permanent for the Spanish settlers, who
connected to the Pacific Ocean via the railway line
primarily came from Andalusia. The conflicts with
to Valparaíso.
the local tribes lasted until sometime in the 19th
century.
From 1879 to 1883, Chile made war on Bolivia
and Peru concerning territorial rights for the
During the Spanish rule, the central and northern
northern part of the present Chile, which is rich in
parts of Chile were controlled from Peru, but as the
raw materials. The Chilean troops conquered, and
total population of the long country increased, the
the formal integration of the areas created an
opposition against the colonial power also
increased prosperity in Chile. This made it
increased. In 1810 Chile was declared an
possible to invest in buildings appropriate for a
independent nation, but after a time with several
capital, and for the centenary of the country’s
clashes and changing political systems, Chile
independence, the Art Museum and the National
became once again Spanish in 1814. However, the
Library were built.
struggle to obtain independence continued, and the
entire Argentine and Chilean troops led by
The centre of Santiago around the historical
Bernando O’Higgens and José de San Martin went
Palacio de la Moneda was extended to a modern
on horseback over the Andes from Argentina.
large city with help from an ambitious city plan,
They arrived and defeated the Spanish military
which was started in the 1930’es. At this time, the
forces, so that the country was once again
area became more densely built-up with taller
independent in 1818. The same year Santiago was
buildings, and a good deal of new institutions was


6

Santiago Historical outline

established within the cultural and financial world. In the 1970’es and the 1980’es there was economic
At the same time, the population of the city really growth in Chile, and in Santiago many large
began to increase because of an increase in the buildings and constructions were built, which gave
immigration from the northern and southern parts the city a new boost. At the same time, a number
of Chile. of challenges (for example traffic) occurred in the
city, which had nearly five million inhabitants.
Through the 20th century, there was democracy in
Chile for long periods of time. In 1973 there was a As a visitor today, you can see a modern city
military assumption of power led by Augusto where the many projects, which have been made
Pinochet. In connection to the change of system, in the last decades, are clearly visible. A modern
there were frenzied battles around the Government metro with several lines has been established, and
Palace, Palacio de la Moneda, which was subject to modern districts, high-rise blocks, hotels, and
an air bombardment. It was also in this building and shopping centres have been built in various places
on this occasion that the Marxist president Salvador in consideration of the city’s historical buildings
Allende, who was elected in 1970, shot himself. and districts from previous centuries.

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7

Santiago Tour 1: Santiago

2. Cathedral of Santiago/Catedral
Tour 1: Santiago Metropolitana

1. Plaza de Armas

Plaza de Armas
Metro: Plaza de Armas
The impressive Cathedral of Santiago, Catedral
Plaza de Armas
Metropolitana, is the fifth cathedral built in this
place. The first one was burnt by locale Indians
Since the Spanish period of Santiago, the square
shortly after it was built, and the other three were
Plaza de Armas has been the centre of the city, and
destroyed in earthquakes.
here you can see the highlights of the Spanish
buildings in the city.
The cathedral was built in 1745 by the Italian
Architect Joaquín Toesca, and the style is Baroque
There is always a good atmosphere on the square,
with classic features. The towers were built at the
where the street life flourishes among artists, chess
end of the 19th century. The interior is worth
players, and different cultural activities, which take
seeing among other things because of its beautiful
place here. Therefore, if you have the time, it is an
altar.
attraction in itself just sitting on a bench and
enjoying life.


8


2a. Museum of Religious Art/Museo de Arte Plaza de Armas
Sagrado www.dibam.cl/museo_historiconacional.htm
In the beautiful palace, Palacio de la Real
Audiencia, from 1807, you find the Historical
Museum of Chile. Originally, the palace was built
for the public administration of the city.

The collection of the museum describes the
different epochs of the country’s history; the
culture of the Aboriginal population of Chile, the
Colonial Period under Spain, the country’s
independence process and the modern Chilean
society.
At this museum, which is situated in connection to
the cathedral, you can see historical religious art, 4. Central Post Office/Correo Central
such as the silver works, paintings and sculptures of
the Jesuits.

3. Historical Museum/Museo Hístórico
Nacional

Plaza de Armas
One of the most elegant buildings on the square,
Plaza de Armas, is the palace from the 19th
century, which was converted into the central post
office only few years after it was built. The palace
is still a post office, and here you can also find a
small postal museum, Museo Postal.


9


5. City Museum/Museo de Santiago The church’s art collection makes a visit here extra
Casa Colorada special. Among other things, you find a collection
from the Easter Island, which contains several
Merced 860 Moai wood statutes. Among the other art objects,
www.munistgo.cl/colorada/p1.htm you find a number of figures of Christ.
The Casa Colorada is the best preserved building from
7. Archaeological Museum/Museo
the country’s Colonial Period. The building was built
Arqueológico
between 1769 and 1779 as a residence for the first
president of the country, Mateo de Toro y Zambrano. José Victorino Lastarria 307
www.mavi.cl/arqueologico
Today the Casa Colorada houses the Santiago City Metro: Universidad Católica
Museum. The museum mainly describes the At the Santiago Archaeological Museum, you can
development of the city until the 19th century. see a large collection of effects, which describe the
history of the country. There are findings from
6. Merced Basilica/Basilica de la areas all over the country, and they give a fine
Merced impression of the former times of the lengthy
country.
Calle Merced/Calle Mac-Iver
The Merced Basilica was built in 1735, and it is a fine
building in new Renaissance style. Inside you can see
the gallery, which is in German Baroque style.

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8. Forestal Park/Parque Forestal Among other things, the museum contains a
collection of sculptures and a number of works by
Chilean artists, e.g. Mulato Gil and Roberto Matta.

10. San Cristóbal Hill/Cerro San
Cristóbal

Along Ismael Valdés Vergara
Metro: Bellas Artes/Puente Cal y Canto
Along the southern side of the Mapocho River
between the Plaza Italia and the Mapocho Station,
the green space, the Forestal Park, is situated.
Several museums are situated here, and you can see Cerro San Cristóbal
various sculptures or just enjoy the walk along the Metro: Baquedano, funiculare til toppen fra
river. enden af Pio Nono
The San Cristóbal Hill is the highest point of the
9. Art Museum/Museo Nacionale de city, and it is 860 metres high. Of course, there is a
Bella Artes good view from here at the Terraza Bellavista,
where you at the top can see the 22 metres tall
statue of the Virgin Mary. Pope John Paul II
celebrated Mass here in 1987.

The area at the foot, at the beginning of the
funicular, has a very nice atmosphere with a
number of good restaurants and shops. From the
top, you can take an amazing trip with the
funicular, a teleférico, from hill to hill, through the
air and the tree crowns high above Santiago.

Parque Forestal
www.mnba.cl
Metro: Bellas Artes
The National Art Museum of Chile, Museo
Nacionale de Bella Artes, was founded and built in
1910 on occasion of the centenary of the country’s
independence.


11


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13. San Francisco Church and
Tour 2: Santiago Convent /Iglesia y Convento San
Francisco
11. Santa Lucía Hill/Cerro Santa Lucía

Cerro Santa Lucía
Metro: Santa Lucía
The hill Cerro Santa Lucía is historical to Santiago
because Pedro de Valdivia is thought to have
founded the city at exactly this place in 1541. From
the top, there is a very fine view over the city.

12. National Library/Biblioteca Calle Londres 4/Alameda
Nacional www.museosanfrancisco.cl
Avenida Libertador Bernardo O´Higgens 651 Metro: Santa Lucia
www.dibam.cl/biblioteca_nacional The San Francisco Church is the oldest building in
Metro: Santa Lucia Santiago, built in 1628. The Virgin Figure at the
The National Library of Chile, Biblioteca Nacional, altar was brought to Chile by Pedro de Valdavia.
is established in the impressive building in French
new classic style from 1924. At the library, you can The Museum of Art from the Colonial Period,
see a fine collection of books, maps and documents, which has been established in the convent
which date back to approximately 1500. buildings at the place, is also interesting. You also
find a small garden, which is a nice green area in
Architectonically, the José Medina Room is among the middle of the large city.
the most interesting rooms.


13


14. City Theatre/Teatro Municipal Agustinas 794
Metro: Santa Lucia
Santiago’s theatre building from 1857 is the
leading theatre in the country for ballet, opera and
different kinds of concerts. The building is built in
French new classic style.

The square in front of the theatre is beautifully
laid out, and opposite you can see the palace,
Palacio Subercaseaux, from 1903.

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15. Avenida Libertador Bernardo 16. Dieciocho Street/Calle Dieciocho
O’Higgins Calle Dieciochi
Metro: Toesca
A trip down the street Calle Dieciocho is a visit to
Santiago's past. In the decades around the year
1900, this was where the wealthy families of
Santiago built their palaces. Today it is not one or
a few individual buildings that are the attraction of
the street, but the atmosphere and the general
impression of the area.

17. Cousiño Palace/Palacio Cousiño
Calle Dieciocho 438
www.palaciocousino.cl
Metro: Toesca
Formerly, the Cousiño Palace was the residence of
one of Chile’s most successful, wealthy and
enterprising dynasties, the Goyenechea-Cousiño
family. Among other things, the family had
interests in wine production, coal and copper
mining, horse breeding and construction of
railways.

The extravagant palace was finished in 1878, and
right from the start it impressed the inhabitants of
Avenida Libertador Bernardo O´Higgins the city. Only the best materials were used, and
Metro: The stations between Estación Central there were outstanding parquet flooring,
and Santa Lucia Bohemian crystal chandeliers, hand-painted Italian
The boulevard Avenida Libertador Bernardo ceramics and faiences, as well as a lot of other
O´Higgins is the central thoroughfare of Santiago. effects, which had primarily been imported by
The traffic is hectic, and you sense a good city boat from Europe.
atmosphere when walking down the boulevard,
which has small and cosy parks. On the central part, The Palacio Cousiño has been made into a
you can see a copy of a statue from the Easter museum, and besides the beautiful palace you also
Island. get a good impression of fine Europan art wares
from the 19th century.


15


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19. Mint of Santiago/
Tour 3: Santiago Palacio de la Moneda

18. Stock Exchange/
Bolsa de Comercio

Plaza de la Constitución
Metro: Moneda
Palacio de la Moneda was built in 1799 as one of
the last buildings during the country’s Spanish
period. Originally, it was the mint of the country,
and today it is the seat of the Chilean government
and is therefore also called Palacio de Gobierno,
which means the Government Palace.

It was in the Palacio Moneda that president
Salvador Allende shot himself in 1973 in
connection with Augusto Pinochet assuming
Calle la Bolsa 64 control of the country. In front of the Palacio de
Metro: Universidad de Chile la Moneda, you can see the soldiers’ changing of
The Santiago Stock Exchange, Bolsa de Comercio, the guard.
was built in 1917. In the architectonically exciting
building, you can experience the spirited
atmosphere during the hectic trades, which are
normal at stock exchanges all over the world.


17


20. Museum of Pre-Columbian Art/ 21. Court Building/Palacio de los
Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino Tribunales
Calle Bandera 361
www.precolombino.cl
The Santiago Museum of Pre-Columbian Art
belongs to the finest of its kind in the world. It has
been established in the old customs house from the
colonial time, Palacio de la Real Aduana, which is a
sight in itself.

The exhibition of the museum describes the period
of time before the Spanish colonisation, and you
find many effects in wood, ceramics, metals as well
as textiles. A visit here gives you a good impression
of the large cultures of the continent such as the
Mayas and the Aztecs.

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Calle Bandera 362-385 23. Central Market Place/
Metro: Plaza de Armas Mercado Central
The Palacio de los Tribunales is the most important
courts in Chile, and here you find among others the
Supreme Court and the Military Court of the
country. The building was also scene for the
establishment of the first National Assembly of the
country.

You do not rediscover the strict exterior French
new classic style on the interior. However, you do
find a number of beautiful rooms and corridors.

22. Former Congress Building/
Ex Congreso Nacional
Ismael Valdés Vergara/21 de Mayo
Metro: Puente Cal y Canto
The Central Market Place of Santiago was
established in 1872, and today it is a both chaotic
and impressive place of trading and meeting for
the inhabitants of the city. Things are always vivid
here, and a visit to this place gives you the
possibility of getting close to the Chilean people,
for example in one of the restaurants. You can
also experience Chilean guitar-playing at the
market place.

From the many well-filled stalls with fruits, vegetables,
Calle Catedral 1158 sea food and lots more, you get an impression of
Metro: Plaza de Armas Chile’s status as large exporter of foods.
The Former Congress Building of Chile is an
impressive building, which is built in French new The market building is a construction that was
classic style with Corinthian columns in 1901. The produced in England and then sailed to Chile for
Congress held its meetings here until 1972, but the final building.
because the country’s Congress now has its seat in
Valparaíso, the building is not used for its original 24. Mapocho Station/
purpose. Today the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Estación Mapocho
Affairs is placed here.

In the garden of the Former Congress Building,
you can see a statue of the Virgin Mary. It was put
up in memory of the approximately 2 000 people,
who died here in connection with the fire in the
former Compañia de Jesus Church.


19


Plaza de la Cultura It has now been converted into a cultural centre,
www.estacionmapocho.cl where artistic and cultural activities, exhibitions,
Metro: Puente Cal y Canto concerts etc. are arranged on a regular basis. For
The old Mapocho Station of Santiago was built in those interested in architecture, the roof
1912 as the point of departure for the railway to construction is especially admirable.
Valparaiso. In 1976 the station closed for its
original railway operations, and was deserted for
the following 15 years.


20

Santiago Day Tours from Santiago

Day Tours from
Santiago

25. Valparaíso
120 km NW
www.municipalidaddeValparaíso.cl
With bus from Terminal Alameda in Santiago
Valparaíso is one of the most important ports of
Chile, and one of the most charming cities
altogether. The city was founded as Spanish port
in 1536.

360° The beautiful position of Valparaíso at the coast of the

.
Pacific Ocean has also lead to important tourism, and
furthermore, the city has been the domicile for the

thinking National Congress of Chile since 1973.

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21

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25a. Historical Centre The historical part of Valparaíso by the sea is
surrounded by ridges. During the growth of the
city, the unique and charming lifts were put up all
over the city and are like no other lifts in the world.
The lifts are funiculars, but the old rustic cars
running on steel constructions make them special.
One of the most recommendable trips with the
lifts is the trip with the Ascensor Artillería, which
was built in 1893 and runs from Plaza
Wheelwright to Paseo 21 de Mayo. At the top, you
find the most famous view of the city and the
To the east lie the large squares Plaza de la Victoria well-known Café Mirador. Here you can also visit
and Plaza Simon Bolivar. Besides the lovely the Maritime Museum, Museo Naval y Maritimo.
atmosphere and the beautiful parks, you can see the The Ascensor Concepción, which runs to Cerro
Cathedral of Valparaíso, Iglesia Catedral. If you Concepción, is the oldest of the lifts of Valparaíso.
walk west of the wide boulevard, Avenida Brasil, It was opened in 1883, where it ran on water.
you get to the monument of the Briton Lord The Ascensor Cordillera, which departs from a
Thomas Cochrane, who was the leader of the small alley in Calle Serrano, goes to Plaza E.
Chilean Navy from 1817 to 1822. Further to the Ramirez. Here you can get a fine impression of the
north-west, the city’s beautiful centre from the 19th construction of the lift and you can also visit a
century, Plaza Sotomayor, is situated. In the museum, Museo Lord Cochrane. The course of
surrounding streets, you find many of the historical the lift is very steep, and it opened in 1887.
buildings of the city. From here, you can walk up From Paseo Yugoslavo you can take the Ascensor
the hill, Cerro Concepción, where several historical El Peral from 1902 to Cerro Alegre. Here lies the
churches are situated. On the way up there, you beautifully renovated palace, Palacio Baburizza,
pass Plaza Justicia, where the court building of the which is now used as an art museum.
city, Palacio de Justicia, is situated.

26. Viña del Mar
To the north, the old part of the city ends with
Plaza Wheelwright, where you can see the beautiful
Customs House of the city, Edificio de la Aduana,
which was built in 1854.

25b. Lifts of Valparaíso/Ascencores

110 km NW
www.vinadelmar.cl
www.casino.cl/casino
With bus from Terminal Alameda in Santiago


22


Viña del Mar is the fourth largest city of Chile, and 26b. Museo Palacio Rioja
at the same time it is the largest holiday area along Calle Quillota 214
the coast. It is a very green city, and it is also called Among the many beautiful palaces of Viña del
the Garden City, la Ciudad Jardín, by the locals. Mar in Victorian style among others, the Palacio
Here you find many fashionable buildings and of Rioja has opened as a museum. It was built by the
course also long, lovely beaches, such as the Reñaca Spanish Banker Fernando Rioja in 1906. A visit to
area, just north of the centre. this beautifully made building gives you a good
impression of the life of the prosperous people in
Viña del Mar is also known as a gambling city, and the beginning of the 20th century.
here at Plaza Colombia, the elegant Casino de Viña
del Mar, which was built as the most grandiose Other beautiful palaces are the Palacio Carrasco
building in 1930, is situated. (Avenida Libertad 250) and the Palacio Vergara in
the Quinta Vergara Park. This park also has an art
26a. Archaeological Museum/Museo de museum, and the annual song festival of the city is
Arqueologia e Historia Francisco Fonck held here. The Castillo Wulff, which is built by the
Avenida 4 Norte 784 coast, is also an interesting sight.
This museum is known for its fine collection of
effects from the Easter Island. The highlight of the
more than 1 000 effects is one of the original Moai
statues from the island, which is here to be seen
outside its natural surroundings on the Easter Island.

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27. Valle Nevado The mountain range is worth visiting both in the
summer and in the winter. Only 70 km from
Santiago, the large ski resort, Valle Nevado, is
situated. The resort is one of the most modern
resorts in Chile, and here you find many and
varied tracks. Valle Nevado is situated at the foot
of El Plomo Mountain.

28. Vineyards
Chilean wine is tasty and comes from many
different vineyards in the long country. From
Santiago, you can either on your own or on
arranged trips become acquainted with some of
70 km E the vineyards.
www.vallenevado.com
As a great scene, the tall and omnipresent Andes in 28a. Viña Santa Rita
Chile constitute the horizon east of Santiago. The www.santarita.com
mountain range masterfully rises up against the Already around the year 1550, vineyards were laid
peak, Aconcagua, which is situated east of Santiago out in Chile, and thereby the country is the oldest
in Argentina on the way to Mendoza. With its 6 wine producing country of the American
960 metres, Aconcagua is the tallest mountain in continents. In 1880, the vineyard Viña Santa Rita
the world outside of Himalaya, and you can view was established by importing French vines.
the peak from the main road, for example on a bus
trip to Mendoza, which is highly recommended if At Viña Santa Rita you can both get a tour of the
you wish to cross the Andes. On the trip, you will wine production from the vineyards to the
experience the steep ascent from the Chilean side maturing, as well as see the beautiful, old buildings
towards the frontier pass, and after that, you slowly of the vineyard, and the large park, which was laid
descent to the Argentine plain. On the way, you out by the Frenchman Guillermo Renner in 1882.
can see stretches from the former railway in the
Andes. Another exciting place is the beautifully situated
Valle del Maipo, which is also among the leading
wine producers of Chile.


24




25

Santiago Children / Shopping / Public transportation

With children in Santiago Alto Las Condes (Avenida Kennedy 9001)

Railway Museum/Museo Ferroviario Apumanque (Avenida Apoquindo)
(Parque Quinta Normal):
www.corpdicyt.cl/homeferroviario.htm Mall del Centro (Puente 689)

Museum of Natural History/Museo de Historia Mall Panorámico (Avenida 11 Septiembra 2155)
Natural (Parque Quinta Normal):
www.mnhn.cl Parque Arauco (Avenida Kennedy 5413)

Museum of Technology and Science/
Museo Nacional de la Cienca y Technología
Public transportation in
(Parque Quinta Normal, Matucana 520):
www.corpdicyt.cl/resenamucytec.htm Santiago
Santiago Metro:
Teleférico (from Cerro San Cristóbal or Avenida
www.metrosantiago.cl
Pedro de Valdivia):
www.funicular.cl
Santiago Airport:
www.aeropuertosantiago.cl
Zoo/Jardín Zoológico Nacional de Chile
(Pio Nono 450, Cerro San Cristóbal):
Railways of Chile:
www.parquemetropolitano.cl
www.efe.cl

Shopping in Santiago
Avenida Providencia, Avenida Alonso,
La Nueva Costanera


26

Santiago Metro Map

Metro Map


27

Santiago Facts about Chile

Facts about Chile

Political
Official name República de Chile
Capital Santiago
Government Republic
Head of state President Michelle Bachelet Jeria
National day September 18
Independence achieved February 12 1818 from Spain
Primary religion Christianity
Language Spanish
Area 756 096 km²
Population (2002) 15 116 000


28


Borders on
North Peru, Bolivia
South The Pacific Ocean
East Bolivia, Argentina
West The Pacific Ocean

Highest mountains
Ojos del Salado 6 908 metres
Bonete 6 872 metres
Tupungato 6 800 metres
Mercedario 6 770 metres
Llullaillaco 6 723 metres
Incahuasi 6 620 metres
El Muerto 6 542 metres
Toro 6 380 metres
Tres Cruces 6 356 metres
Parinacota 6 330 metres

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Largest islands
Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego* 47 992 km²
Isla de Chiloé 8 394 km²
Isla Wellington 5 556 km²
Isla Riesco 5 110 km²
Isla Hoste 4 117 km²
Isla Santa Inés 3 645 km²
Isla Navarino 2 473 km²
Isla Magdalena 2 025 km²
Isla Desolación 1 352 km²
Isla Dawson 1 290 km²
* is only partially situated in Chile

Largest lakes
Lago General Carrera* 1 850 km²
Lago San Martin* 1 058 km²
Lago Llanquihue 860 km²
Lago Fagnano* 645 km²
Lago Ranco 442 km²
Lago Rupanco 230 km²
Lago Villarrica 176 km²
Lago Todos los Santos 175 km²
Lago Puyehue 157 km²
Lago Calafquén 120 km²
*is partially situated in Argentina


30


Longest rivers
Río Loa 440 km
Río Bíobío 380 km
Río Maipo 250 km
Río Cachapoal 250 km
Río Maule 240 km
Río Lauca 225 km
Río Cautín 174 km
Río Baker 170 km
Río Tinguiririca 167 km
Río Copiacó 162 km

Largest cities (2002)
Santiago 4 656 690
Puente Alto 492 603
Viña del Mar 286 931
Antofagasta 285 255
Valparaíso 263 499
San Bernardo 237 708
Temuco 227 086
Concepción 212 003
Rancagua 206 971
Talca 189 505


31


Administrative division
State Capital Area
Aisén del General Carlos
Ibánez del Campo Coihaique 108 494 km²
Antofagasta Antofagasta 126 049 km²
Araucania Temuco 31 842 km²
Arica-Parinacota Arica 16 873 km²
Atacama Copiapó 75 176 km²
Bío-Bío Concepción 37 063 km²
Coquimbo La Serena 41 km²
Libertador G.B. O'Higgins Rancagua 16 387 km²
Los Lagos Puerto Montt 48 584 km²
Los Ríos Valdivia 18 km²
Magallanes y de la Antártica Chilena Punta Arenas 132 297 km²
Maule Talca 30 296 km²
Región Metropolitana Santiago 15 403 km²
Tarapacá Iquique 42 226 km²
Valparaíso Valparaíso 16 396 km²

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Head of state since 1946
Gabriel González Videla 1946-1952
Carlos Ibáñez del Campo 1952-1958
Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez 1958-1964
Eduardo Frei Montalva 1964-1970
Salvador Allende 1970-1973
Augusto Pinochet 1973-1990
Patricio Aylwin Azócar 1990-1994
Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle 1994-2000
Ricardo Lagos Escobar 2000-2006
Michelle Bachelet Jeria 2006-

Holidays and memorial days
January 1 New Year’s Day
Date varies March-April Easter Day
Easter Day +1 day Easter Monday
May 1 May Day Festivities
May 21 Navy Day
June 29 Saint Peter and Saint Paul
August 15 Assumption of Mary
September 18 Independence Day
September 19 Army Day
Date varies October Columbus Day
Date varies November All Saints Day
December 8 Conception of Mary
December 25 Christmas Day

Other information
Currency Peso
Currency code CLP
Time zone Chile Time (UTC-4)
Postal country code RCH
Top-level domain .cl
Country calling code +56


33


Mean Temperature Precipitation
Climate – Valparaiso
(°C/°F) (millimetres/inches)
January 17.3/63.1 1/0.1
February 17.0/62.6 1/0.1
March 15.9/60.6 4/0.2
April 14.2/57.6 23/0.9
May 13.2/55.8 62/2.4
June 11.9/53.4 90/3.5
July 11.5/52.7 104/4.1
August 11.7/53.1 50/2.0
September 12.3/54.1 23/0.9
October 13.3/55.9 9/0.4
November 14.9/58.8 7/0.3
December 16.5/61.7 2/0.1
Source: WorldClimate (www.worldclimate.com)

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Climate – Arica
January 22.0/71.6 0/0.0
February 22.3/72.1 0/0.0
March 21.3/70.3 0/0.0
April 19.4/66.9 0/0.0
May 17.7/63.9 0/0.0
June 16.4/61.5 0/0.0
July 15.5/59.9 0/0.0
August 15.6/60.1 0/0.0
September 16.3/61.3 0/0.0
October 17.4/63.3 0/0.0
November 19.0/66.2 0/0.0
December 20.5/68.9 0/0.0

Climate – Antofagasta
January 20.0/68.0 0/0.0
February 20.0/68.0 0/0.0
March 18.7/65.7 0/0.0
April 16.7/62.1 0/0.0
May 15.2/59.4 0/0.0
June 13.9/57.0 1/0.1
July 13.4/56.1 1/0.1
August 13.7/56.7 1/0.1
September 14.4/57.9 0/0.0
October 15.4/59.7 0/0.0
November 17.0/62.6 0/0.0
December 18.5/65.3 0/0.0


35


Climate – Punta Arenas
January 10.8/51.4 35/1.4
February 10.4/50.7 28/1.1
March 8.7/47.7 39/1.5
April 6.4/43.5 41/1.6
May 3.9/39.0 42/1.7
June 2.2/36.0 32/1.3
July 1.7/35.1 34/1.3
August 2.5/36.5 33/1.3
September 4.3/39.7 28/1.1
October 6.6/43.9 24/0.9
November 8.4/47.1 29/1.1
December 10.0/50.0 32/1.2

Climate – Isla de Pacqua Mean Temperature Precipitation
(Påskön) (°C/°F) (millimetres/inches)
January 23.3/73.9 92/3.6
February 23.7/74.7 87/3.4
March 23.1/73.6 86/3.4
April 21.8/71.2 118/4.6
May 20.3/68.5 128/5.0
June 18.8/65.8 102/4.0
July 18.2/64.8 94/3.7
August 18.0/64.4 86/3.4
September 18.4/65.1 84/3.3
October 19.2/66.6 73/2.9
November 20.4/68.7 80/3.1
December 21.8/71.2 92/3.6


36

Santiago Phrase book

how far is it to…..? ¿A qué distancia está…?
Phrase book Where is the nearest ¿Dónde está la estación
station? más cercana?
Courtesy phrases Address Dirección
Greetings Saludos What is the address? ¿cuál es la dirección?
Good morning Buenos días
Good day Buen día Tourist in the city
Good afternoon Buenas tardes
Have you a city map? ¿Tiene un mapa de la
Good night Buenas noches
ciudad?
Hi/Hey Hola
What shall I see here in ¿Qué veré aquí en esta
farewell adios
this city? ciudad?
See you Nos vemos
Can you recommend a ¿Me puede recomendar
sight seeing tour? una excursión
Others Otros
panorámica?
Thanks Gracias
Thans for the help Gracias por su ayuda
Visit to the toilet Visita al baño
Yes Sí
Toilet Baño
No No
Have you a toilet? ¿Tiene baño?
Okay Bien
Do you have some ¿Tiene más papel
Be so good Sea tan buen
more toilet paper? higiénico?
Be so kind Sea tan amable
Can I change the toilet? ¿Puedo cambiar de
Sorry Lo siento
baño?
My name is….. Me llamo…
What is your name? ¿Cómo se llama?
Transport for the trip
Question (Inquiring) words Railway Tren
Underground railway Metro
What…? ¿Qué…?
Train Tren
Where…? ¿Dónde…?
Till what time does the ¿Hasta que hora
When…? ¿Cuándo…?
train run? funciona el tren?
Who…? ¿Quién…?
Time table Horario
How…? ¿Cómo…?
Station (train) Estación (tren)
Why…? ¿Por qué?
Bus and Tram Autobús y tranvía
Find way Tram Tranvía
To the right A la derecha Bus Autobús
To the left A la izquierda Till what time does the ¿Hasta qué hora
Straight on Recto bus/tram run….? funciona el
Back Atrás autobús/tranvía?
Where is ….? ¿Dónde está…? At what time is the last ¿A qué hora es el
Can you show the way ¿me puede mostrar el bus/tram? último autobús/tranvía?
to…..? camino a…? Station (bus) Estación (autobús)
Where am I/we at ¿Dónde estoy/estamos Stop Parada
present? ahora?
How do I reach….? ¿Cómo llego a …?


37


Airway Aerolíneas Taxi Taxi
Airway Aerolínea Drive me to this Lléveme a esta
Airport Aeropuerto address dirección
Check-in Facturación I shall go to…… Voy a …
Passport Pasaporte How much is it by taxi ¿Cuánto cuesta en taxi
to? a…?
Ship Barco
Ferry Transbordador General General
Port Puerto Cycle bicicleta
Motorcycle motocicleta
Automobile Automóviles Arrival/arrival time Hora de llegada/llegada
Motorcar Automóvil Departure/departure Salida/Hora de salida
Car rental Alquiler de coches time
Driving License Permiso de conducir Baggage equipaje
I would like to hire a…. Quiero alquilar un… Baggage locker taquilla para equipajes
Have you a children's ¿Tiene asientos para
seat? niños?
Does it run on petrol or ¿Funciona a gasolina o
diesel? gasoil?
Parking space Sitio de aparcamiento
Multi-storeyed car park Aparcamiento de más
de una planta para
coches

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Entertainment Can I order for an extra ¿Puedo pedir una cama
bed? supletoria?
Cinema Cine
Have you a baby cot? ¿Tiene cuna para bebé?
Theatre Teatro
Where is the breakfast? ¿Dónde es el desayuno?
Match Partido
Concert Concierto
When is the breakfast? ¿Cuándo es el
Park parque
desayuno?
Circus circo
When shall we check ¿Cuándo facturamos?
Museum museo
in?
Amusement park parque de atracciones
Where can I park? ¿Dónde puedo aparcar?
Casino casino
Can I call for a taxi? ¿Puedo llamar a un taxi?
Disquothe discoteca
Have you a card with ¿Tiene una tarjeta con la
Night club club nocturno
the hotel's address? dirección del hotel?
Aquarium acuario
Have you a security ¿Tiene taquillas de
Zoological garden jardín zoológico
locker? seguridad?
Is there a swimming ¿Hay piscina?
Tickets pool?
Adult adulto Can I ask for a wake up ¿Me pueden llamar para
Child niño call? despertarme?
Pensioner jubilado Can I borrow an ¿Me pueden prestar una
Student estudiante ironbox/-board? plancha/tabla de
Can I get a ticket? ¿Me puede dar una planchar?
entrada? Can I borrow a hair ¿Me pueden prestar un
Can I get a daily ticket? ¿Me puede dar una drier? secador para pelo?
entrada de día? Can I keep my baggage? ¿Me puedo quedar con
mi equipaje?
In the hotel Can I request for extra ¿Puedo pedir más papel
toilet paper? higiénico?
I/we have a reservation Tengo/tenemos una
reserva
The name is…. El nombre es…
Single room Habitación sencilla
Double room Habitación doble
What is the room ¿Cuál es el número de
number? habitación?
Which floor? ¿Qué planta?
Where is the elevator? ¿Dónde está el
ascensor?
No smoking No fumador
Smoking Fumador
Have you a vacant ¿Tiene alguna
room? habitación libre?
What is the cost of a ¿Cuánto cuesta una
single-/double room? habitación
sencilla/doble?


39


On shopping In the restaurant/café
Shopping centre Centro comercial Breakfast desayuno
Departmental stores Grandes almacenes Lunch almuerzo
Main shopping area Área comercial principal Supper cena
Pedestrian street Calle peatonal May I see the menu ¿Puedo ver el menú?
Is it available in large ¿lo tiene en talla grande? card?
size? May I see the liquor ¿puedo ver el menú de
Is it available in small ¿lo tiene en talla card? licores?
size? pequeña? Menu for the children meú para niños
What is the cost of ¿Cuánto cuesta Vegetarian vegetariano
this/that? esto/eso? Well done bien hecho
Do you have this/ these ¿Tiene esto/eso en mi Medium medio
in my size? talla? Red (rare) rojo (crudo)
Can you pack this in a ¿Lo puede envolver de It must not be very No puede estar muy
gift wrap? regalo? strong fuerte
Do you accept credit ¿Aceptan tarjetas de I cannot bear…. NO soporto…
card? crédito? Bill factura
When do you close? ¿Cuándo cierran? May I pay? ¿Puedo pagar?
Open Abierto Can I pay with the ¿Puedo pagar con
Closed cerrado credit card? tarjeta de crédito?

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From the menu card del menú Liquor licor
Starters Aperitivos Spirits bebidas alcohólicas
Main course Plato principal
Desserts Postres Service servicio
Fish pescado Knife cuchillo
Shell fish marisco Fork tenedor
Poultry aves Spoon cuchara
Chicken pollo Teaspoon cucharilla
Duck pato chop stick palillos
Goose ganso Glass vaso
Turkey pavo Plate plato
Pork cerdo Napkin servilleta
Beef buey
Veal ternera Bank, post, internet and telephone
Lamb cordero
Bank and money
Bread pan
Bank banco
Butter mantequilla
Where is a bank? ¿Dónde hay un banco?
Egg huevo
Automatic teller cajero automático
Yoghurt yogur
machine
Soup sopa
Where can I draw ¿Dónde puedo sacar
Salad ensalada
money? dinero?
Sandwich bocadillo
Change money Cambiar dinero
Sausages salchichas
Where can I change ¿Dónde puedo cambiar
Hotdog perrito caliente
currency? divisas?
Pizza pizza
What is the rate of ¿Cuál es el tipo de
Hamburger hamburguesa
exchange? cambio?
French fries patatas fritas
Cheese queso
Post Correos
Ice hielo
Post office Oficina de correos
Cake bizcocho
Where is the post ¿Dónde está la oficina
Sugar azúcar
office? de correos?
Post box Buzón
Beverages bebidas
Where is a post box? ¿Dónde hay un buzón?
Milk leche
Stamp Sello
Mineral water agua mineral
Do you have an ¿Tiene un sobre?
Juice zumo
envelope?
Soda water agua de soda
Without ice sin hielo
Internet Internet
Coffee café
Where is the internet ¿Dónde hay un café de
Tea te
café? interntet?
Cocoa cacao
Do you have internet, ¿Tiene internet, cuál
Beer cerveza
which I can use? puedo utilizar?
White wine vino blanco
Red wine vino tinto
Champagne champán


41

Santiago do Chile

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