The document discusses the four stages of a butterfly's life cycle: 1) Egg - the first stage where eggs are laid near food sources for the caterpillar. 2) Larva or caterpillar - the caterpillar hatches and eats constantly to grow. 3) Pupa or chrysalis - the hard outer covering where the caterpillar transforms inside. 4) Adult butterfly - the final stage where the adult butterfly emerges from the chrysalis.