24. Figure 4-8a: Vertical Marketing Systems Independent Channel System Functions: Manufacturing Wholesaling Retailing Ownership: Independent Manufacturer Independent Wholesaler Independent Retailer
25. Figure 4-8b: Vertical Marketing Systems Partially Integrated Channel System Functions: Manufacturing Wholesaling Retailing Ownership: Two channel members own all facilities and perform all functions
26. Figure 4.8c: Vertical Marketing Systems Fully Integrated Channel System Functions: Manufacturing Wholesaling Retailing Ownership: All production and distribution functions are performed by one channel member