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Test Review 12/8
- 1. Review Questions Chapter 8: Relative Dating, Absolute Dating, Fossils
- 2. This principle states that geologic processes are the same today as they were in the past but the RATES of the processes vary over time Uniformitarianism
- 3. This branch of Earth Science studies the history of the Earth Earth Science
- 4. What does a Paleontologist study? Fossils
- 5. When you determine whether an object or event is older or younger than other objects/events, you are finding the object’s ___________ Age. Relative
- 6. This law states that younger rocks lie above older rocks in undisturbed rock layers. Superposition
- 7. A break in the earth’s crust along which blocks of crust slide relative to one another Fault
- 8. Molten rock from Earth’s interior that squeezes into existing rock layers and cools Intrusion
- 9. This type of rock disturbance occurs when rock layers bend and buckle from Earth’s internal forces Folding
- 10. This disturbance occurs when internal forces in the earth slant rock layers without folding them Tilting
- 11. Hardened tree sap that sometimes has the preserved remains of insects Amber
- 12. The number of years an object has existed Absolute Age
- 13. Remains or traces of animals or plants that lived in past geologic times Fossils
- 14. This occurs when an organism’s tissues are completely replaced by minerals Petrification
- 15. Any naturally preserved evidence of an animal’s activity Trace Fossil
- 16. A type of trace fossil that is made from preserved animal feces or dung & can provide information about the habits/diet of animals that left them Coprolite
- 17. An empty space/cavity in rock where a plant or animal was buried Mold
- 18. A replica of an object that is created when sediment fills a mold and becomes rock Cast
- 19. The boundary between a set of tilted rock layers and a set of horizontal layers Angular Unconformity
- 20. Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons Isotopes
- 21. Fossils of organisms that lived during a short, well-defined time span and are only found in rock layers of a particular geologic age Index Fossils
- 22. The earth’s age, according to geologists 4.6 Billion years old
- 23. The law that states that faults/intrusions are always younger than the rock layers they cut through Law of Crosscutting Relationships
- 24. Saying one rock is older or younger than another rock but not saying its age in years Relative Age
- 25. Principle that states that sedimentary rocks left undisturbed will remain in horizontal layers Principle of Original Horizontality
- 26. A break in the geologic rock record Unconformity
- 27. List 3 methods of absolute dating besides Radiometric Dating Rates of Erosion Rates of Deposition Varve Count
- 28. List two reasons Radiometric Dating is the most accurate method Doesn’t depend on Environment Rates don’t vary over time
- 29. The original radioactive isotope Parent Isotope
- 30. The newly formed, more stable isotope that forms during radioactive decay Daughter Isotope
- 31. The time it takes for ½ the mass of parent isotope to decay into its daughter isotope Half Life
- 32. If you have 16 g of radioactive parent isotope, how much parent/daughter isotope will you have after 3 half lives? 2 g of Parent 14 g of Daughter
- 33. This parent isotope decays into Lead-206, has a half life of 4.5 billion years, and is used to date rock that is really old Uranium 238
- 34. This parent isotope decays into Nitrogen-14, has a half life of 5,730 years, and is used to date rock that is relatively young Carbon-14
- 35. Sue was found in this state South Dakota
- 36. Sue was the most _______ T.rex ever found Complete
- 37. WHO was Sue the T.rex named after? The woman who found her
- 38. Who bought Sue and for how much? Chicago’s Field Museum $8 Million