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Oracle High Availability 11gR2
       New Features




                                                      Turkey Oracle User Group (TROUG) Day
                                                                   Istanbul, 11 October 2012



Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012                                Slide # 1
Disclaimer


            This views/content in this slides are those of the author and
            do not necessarily reflect that of Oracle Corporation and/or its
            affiliates/subsidiaries. The material in this document is for
            informational purposes only and is published with no
            guarantee or warranty, express or implied..

            This material should not be reproduced or used without the
            authors' written permission.




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012                      Slide # 2
Some key new features

            •   What is Grid Infrastructure (GI)?
            •   Oracle 11gR2 Clusterware Stack flow
            •   OCR, Voting disks in ASM
            •   Out-of-place upgrade
            •   Redundant interconnect
            •   Clusterized commands
            •   Nodes addition, deletion made easy
            •   Oracle Automatic Cluster File System (ACFS)
            •   Single Client Access Name (SCAN)
            •   Oracle RAC one node
            •   Cluster Health Monitor (CHM)




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain         TROUG Day 2012     Slide # 3
Know your presenter
                                     Syed Jaffer Hussain
                                     Database Support Manager
                                     Over 20 years IT experience
                                     13 years as an Oracle DBA
                                     Oracle ACE Director
                                     Oracle 10g Certified Master(OCM)
                                     Oracle 10g RAC Certified Expert
                                     OCP v8i,9i,10g & 11g
                                     ITIL v3 Foundation Certified
                                     Authored Oracle 11g R1/R2 Real Application Clusters
                                                 Essentials
                                     Twitter: @sjaffarhussain
                                     http://jaffardba.blogspot.com




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain          TROUG Day 2012                            Slide # 4
Know your presenter




                                                           Technologist of the Year, DBA
                                                           2011
                                                 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/issue-archive/2012/12-
                                                 jan/o12awards-tech-1403083.html




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012                                                   Slide # 5
Know your presenter
                                     Expert Oracle RAC




                            Riyaj Shamsudeen
                                                                                 Kai Yu
               http://orainternals.wordpress.com/about/
                                                                   http://kyuoracleblog.wordpress.com/




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain                TROUG Day 2012                                   Slide # 6
What is Grid Infrastructure - GI
    Key Facts
            • Grid Home consist of : Clusterware + Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

            • Oracle Clusterware, ASM still remains separate components

            • Must be configured out of ORACLE_BASE directory

            • Running any lower version DBs, node must to be pinned


                                                 Grid Infrastructure (GI)



                                                                            Automatic Storage
                            Oracle Clusterware
                                                                            Management (ASM)




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain                TROUG Day 2012                                Slide # 7
Clusterware stack flow
      Pre Oracle 11gR2                                         Oracle 11gR2


     init       /etc/init.d/init.evmd
                /etc/init.d/init.cssd        evmd.bin
                /etc/init.d/init.crsd        crsd.bin
                                            ocssd.bin
                                        racgmain, racgimon
                                                ons
                                              oprocd




                                                                          Courtesy from Oracle Documents


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain            TROUG Day 2012                                   Slide # 8
Clusterware stack overview
      Clusterware startup sequence
                                  init                           ohasd



                          orarootagent                        cssdagent       oraagent

                                                                              • ASM Resource Monitoring
                                                                              • EVMD
                               crsd                              cssd




               orarootagent              oraagent

              •   Network resources      •   ASM Resource
              •   SCAN VIP               •   Diskgroup
              •   VIP                    •   DB Resources
              •   ACFS Registry          •   SCAN Listener
              •   GNS VIP                •   Listener
                                         •   ONS
                                         •   GNS




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain                           TROUG Day 2012                               Slide # 9
OCR, Voting disks in ASM
         OCR, Voting Disks now can be stored on ASM

         # ocrcheck

         Status of Oracle Cluster Registry      is as follows :
                  Version                       :          3
                  Total space (kbytes)          :    1291700
                  Used space (kbytes)           :      32572
                  Available space (kbytes)      :    1259128
                  ID                            : 1402199437
                  Device/File Name              : +DG_OCR_VOTE
                                                  Device/File integrity check succeeded
                                                  Device/File not configured
                                                  Device/File not configured
                                                  Device/File not configured
                                                  Device/File not configured
                       Cluster registry integrity check succeeded

         Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain             TROUG Day 2012                             Slide # 10
OCR, Voting disks in ASM
         •    Supports utmost 5 copies of OCR
         •    Can be stored in separate Diskgroups
         •    Can also have mixed storage: ASM, FS

        # ocrcheck

        Status of Oracle Cluster Registry     is as follows :
                 Version                      :          3
                 Total space (kbytes)         :    1291700
                 Used space (kbytes)          :      32572
                 Available space (kbytes)     :    1259128
                 ID                           : 1402199437
                 Device/File Name             : +DG_OCR_VOTE
                                                Device/File integrity check succeeded
                                                Device/File not configured
                                                Device/File not configured
                                                Device/File not configured
                                                Device/File not configured
                     Cluster registry integrity check succeeded

        Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain            TROUG Day 2012                            Slide # 11
OCR, Voting disks in ASM
      Migrating OCR on ASM

       • Create a new Disk Group

       • Ensure the DG attribute COMPATIBLE.ASM is set to >=11.2

       • Mount the DG across nodes
              srvctl start diskgroup –g DISKGROUP_NAME –n <hostname_list>

       • ocrconfig –add +DG_OCR_VOTE

       • Delete OCR from the FS , if required




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain               TROUG Day 2012             Slide # 12
OCR, Voting disks in ASM
      Migrating Voting Disk on ASM


       • Create a new Disk Group with suitable redundancy

       • Ensure the DG attribute COMPATIBLE.ASM is set to >=‘11.2’

       • Mount the DG across nodes
              srvctl start diskgroup –g DISKGROUP_NAME –n hostname_list


       • crsctl replace votedisk +DG_OCR_VOTE




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain               TROUG Day 2012           Slide # 13
OCR, Voting disks in ASM




             How to multiplex Voting disk
             (files) at ASM level?




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012   Slide # 14
OCR, Voting disks in ASM
    Key Facts


            • As a matter of fact, one cannot add more than 1 voting disk in the same or on
               a separate diskgroup when using External Redundancy

            • Number of voting disks determined based on the disk group redundancy

                          • 1 voting disk for External redundancy DG

                          • 3 voting disks for Normal redundancy DG (3 Failure groups)

                          • 5 voting disks for High redundancy DG (5 Failure groups)




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain             TROUG Day 2012                                 Slide # 15
OCR, Voting disks in ASM


           # crsctl       query css votedisk
           ##    STATE    File Universal Id                  File Name Disk group
           --    -----    -----------------                  --------- ---------
            1.   ONLINE   429a472a29944f2ebfeaeb56d2bb1877   (/dev/rdisk/oracle/vote/ora_vote_01) [DG_OCR_VOTE]
            2.   ONLINE   96d1bf7722f84ff2bf1caa23275e01d0   (/dev/rdisk/oracle/vote/ora_vote_02) [DG_OCR_VOTE]
            3.   ONLINE   755c0187686d4f1fbfa8e2068792491e   (/dev/rdisk/oracle/vote/ora_vote_03) [DG_OCR_VOTE]
            4.   ONLINE   8349ad87c10a4fa8bf75312ba0741b8a   (/dev/rdisk/oracle/ocr/ora_ocr_01) [DG_OCR_VOTE]
            5.   ONLINE   1d9fba7fb51e4fd0bfb89e52d5cab72b   (/dev/rdisk/oracle/ocr/ora_ocr_02) [DG_OCR_VOTE]




            •    dd command is no longer supported to backup voting disk.
            •    Voting disk will be backed up in OCR




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain                  TROUG Day 2012                                                Slide # 16
Out-of-place upgrade
    Key Facts
           • Install software into a new/separate ORACLE_HOME
                      /u00/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs
                      /u00/app/11.2.0/grid

           • Less downtime for Cluster upgrades : can save software installation time

           • With 11gR2 patch set 1, patching installation can be done:
                    In-place or out-of-place

           • With 11.2.0.2+, all patch sets are a full installation

           • No longer required base release

           • Oracle Grid Infrastructure upgrades must be out-of-place upgrades

           • On the flip side, it requires additional disk space.




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain           TROUG Day 2012                             Slide # 17
Redundant interconnect
      • Redundancy improves the stability, reliability and scalability of a Cluster
      • Pre 11gR2, 3rd party redundancy technology:
                Sun        : Trunking, IP Multipathing (IPMP)
               HP         : Auto Port Aggregation
               Windows : NIC teaming
               Linux     : Bonding
      • Only active/standby mode is supported with Multiswitch configuration.




                                     Private interconnect Link Aggregation: Multiswitch
                                                                                    Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain                  TROUG Day 2012                                       Slide # 18
Redundant interconnect
           • With 11gR2 (11.2.0.2), Oracle supports multiple redundant interconnect usage
             without any 3rdparty IP failure technology

           • Multiple private interconnect adapters can be defined
                     - during installation
                     - use oifcfg setif post installation

           • Oracle clusterware support utmost four interfaces at a given point in time

           • Provide load balance, failover for interconnect traffic across all active interfaces




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain           TROUG Day 2012                                     Slide # 19
Add, Remove nodes made easy
      Adding new node
      •   cluvfy stage –pre nodeadd –n ServerC -verbose

      • addNode.sh –silent “CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={ServerC}”
      “CLUSTER_NEW_VIRTUAL_HOSTNAMES={ServerC-vip}”

      •   cluvfy state –post nodeadd –n ServerC -verbose




                                         Clu ster



                               ServerA          ServerB              ServerC




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain                  TROUG Day 2012             Slide # 20
Add, Remove nodes made easy
      Removing a node
      •   olsnodes –s –t

      •   crsctl unpin css –n <ServerC>

      •   $GI/crs/install/rootcrs.pl –dconfig –force – on the node to be deleted

      •   crsctl delete node –n <ServerC> - execute on other node




                                               Clu ster



                                     ServerA            ServerB    ServerC




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain                TROUG Day 2012                   Slide # 21
Oracle Automatic Cluster Filesystem - ACFS
    Key Facts
           • Extends ASM capabilities to manage ALL types of data

           • ACFS is a multi-platform filesystem that runs on any plat-form

           • Designed for general-purpose standalone and cluster wide FS

           • Oracle binaries, application files, data files, BFILES, video/audio, and other
             configuration files can be stored




                                                                               Courtesy by Oracle docs


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain          TROUG Day 2012                                               Slide # 22
Oracle Automatic Cluster Filesystem - ACFS
    Key Facts & Advantages
           • Dynamic extension: minimizes the downtime to resize the FS

           • Evenly distributes the extents of ACFS filesystem across all disks

           • Can be used for shared, non-shared Oracle Home in a RAC

           • ACFS drivers must be configured: they are installed/configured by default

           • Use ASMCA tool or ASMCMD command prompt to create ACFS

           • acfsutil : to manage, administrate ACFS

           • a new b/g process, asm_acfs_+ASMn manages ACFS functionality

           • Query v$asm_filesystem, v$asm_acfsvolumes dynamic views




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain          TROUG Day 2012                               Slide # 23
Oracle Automatic Cluster Filesystem - ACFS




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012   Slide # 24
Clusterized cluster-aware commands
      Start, Stop & Verify cluster status cluster wide



             # crsctl check cluster -all
                - to check the status of the Clusterware on all nodes

             # crsctl stop cluster -all
                - to stop the Oracle Clusterware stack on all nodes

             # crsctl start cluster -all
                - to start the Oracle Clusterware stack on all nodes




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain          TROUG Day 2012              Slide # 25
Single Client Access Name - SCAN
    Key Facts
           • Simplifies client connection to the database services

           • Provides a single/virtual name for all clients to connect DBs in a cluster

           • A stable and highly available name for clients

           • Require 1 – 3 round robin IP address define either in the
                   - Domain Name Server (DNS) - Grid Name Server (GNS)

           • SCAN IPs must be on the same subnet as Public and Virtual Ips

           • A fully qualified host name (host + domain name)

           • Mandatory for GI installation and upgrades

           • SCAN listener will be running by default under GI home

           • Oracle doesn’t recommend configuring SCAN in the /etc/hosts file


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain          TROUG Day 2012                                Slide # 26
Single Client Access Name - SCAN
    SCAN architecture




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012   Slide # 27
Single Client Access Name - SCAN
  Pre 11gR2 Clusterware, RAC Architecture
                                     Public network interface




                                                                Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain       TROUG Day 2012               Slide # 28
Single Client Access Name - SCAN
    SCAN architecture




                                                      Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012                        Slide # 29
Single Client Access Name - SCAN
    How does SCAN works?
                                                                • Three LISTENER_SCANn are configured
                                                                   in a cluster.
                                                                • All instances register SCAN through
                                                                    REMOTE_LISTENER parameter.


                                                      RACDB =
                                                           (DESCRIPTION=
                                                           (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=SCAN.domain)(PORT=1521))
                                                           (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=RACDB_MAIN))
                                                           )




                                                 # srvctl status SCAN

                                                 SCAN   Listener   LISTENER_SCAN1   is   enabled
                                                 SCAN   listener   LISTENER_SCAN1   is   running on node ServerA
                                                 SCAN   Listener   LISTENER_SCAN2   is   enabled
                                                 SCAN   listener   LISTENER_SCAN2   is   running on node ServerB
                                                 SCAN   Listener   LISTENER_SCAN3   is   enabled
                                                 SCAN   listener   LISTENER_SCAN3   is   running on node ServerC
                                                                                Courtesy by Oracle


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012                                                     Slide # 30
Oracle RAC One Node
    Key Facts

           • A single instance of RAC database [active/passive] on a node in a cluster

           • Commonly known as “Always On Instance”

           • Online database relocation, no downtime for application users

           • Uses Omotion tool to move instance online from one server to another,
             without any downtime

           • Rolling online patching

           • Easy conversion to RAC and vice versa

           • Complements with Oracle Virtual Machine (OVM)

           • Sustain node failures by providing an automatic instance failover mechanism



Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain         TROUG Day 2012                                  Slide # 31
Oracle RAC One Node – contd…
    Key Facts

             • Fully integrated with DG and EM

             • An additional license is required, $10,000/processor, vs $23,000/processor RAC

             • GI must be configured, up and running

             • Better option than any 3rd party clustering HA (HACMP, Service Guard, Veritas)

             • On the flip side, doesn’t support Load Balancing




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain         TROUG Day 2012                                  Slide # 32
Oracle RAC One Node




                                                      Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012                        Slide # 33
Oracle RAC One Node




                                                      Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012                        Slide # 34
Oracle RAC One Node




                                                      Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012                        Slide # 35
Oracle RAC One Node
      srvctl relocate database -d kr1n -n k2r720n2 -w 5 -v




                                                             Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain      TROUG Day 2012             Slide # 36
Oracle RAC One Node
      srvctl relocate database -d kr1n -n k2r720n2 -w 5 -v




                                                             Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain      TROUG Day 2012             Slide # 37
Oracle RAC One Node
      srvctl relocate database -d kr1n -n k2r720n2 -w 5 -v
         Added target node k2r720n1
         Configuration updated to two instances

         Instance kr1n_2 started
         Services relocated
         Waiting for 5 minutes for instance kr1n_1 to stop.....
         Instance kr1n_1 stopped
         Configuration updated to one instance




                                                                                   Courtesy by Kai Yu


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain                                TROUG Day 2012         Slide # 38
Cluster Health Monitor - CHM
           • Previously know as Instantaneous Problem Detector for Clusters (IPD/OS)

           • With 11gR2 (11.2.0.3) installed and activated by default on most OS

           • For pre 11gR2, need to download the tool from OTN

           • Collects OS system metrics: memory, swap, processes, IO, network

           • Real time statistics collection, every second, and stored in repository

           • The CHM repository requires 1gb disk space per node in the cluster

           • Can be installed on a single node, non-RAC servers

           • CHM vs OSWatcher : OSW often can’t run when CPU load is heavy
                                OSW uses more CPU

           • CHM uses less than 5% of CPU/core


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain          TROUG Day 2012                             Slide # 39
Cluster Health Monitor - CHM
        #  crsctl stat res -t -init
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        NAME           TARGET STATE         SERVER                   STATE_DETAILS
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        Cluster Resources
        --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
        ora.asm
              1        ONLINE ONLINE        ServerA                 Started
        ora.crf
              1        ONLINE ONLINE        ServerA
        ora.crsd
              1        ONLINE ONLINE        ServerA




        Collecting CHM data

         #Grid_home/bin/diagcollection.pl -collect -crshome
            Grid_home -chmoshome Grid_home -chmos -incidenttime 07/14/201201:00:00
            -incidentduration 00:30




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain               TROUG Day 2012                            Slide # 40
Cluster Health Monitor - CHM
           • CHMOSG : A graphical user interface to CHM tool

           • Download from OTN, configure under GI home


           • Tool, Presentation :

           http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/clustering/downloads/ipd-
           download-homepage-087212.html




Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain       TROUG Day 2012                           Slide # 41
Cluster Health Monitor - CHM
      CHMOSG - Monitoring




                                                      Courtesy by Oracle


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012         Slide # 42
Cluster Health Monitor - CHM




                                                      Courtesy by Oracle


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012         Slide # 43
Cluster Health Monitor - CHM
      Cluster view histograms




                                                      Courtesy by Oracle


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain   TROUG Day 2012         Slide # 44
Q&A – Thank you



                                 A big thank to TROUG
                                       and you all
                                     for listening ...

                                                         You can reach me at sjaffarhussain@gmail.com




                                                                                       Courtesy by Oracle


Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain      TROUG Day 2012                                       Slide # 45

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Troug 11 gnf

  • 1. Oracle High Availability 11gR2 New Features Turkey Oracle User Group (TROUG) Day Istanbul, 11 October 2012 Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 1
  • 2. Disclaimer This views/content in this slides are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect that of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates/subsidiaries. The material in this document is for informational purposes only and is published with no guarantee or warranty, express or implied.. This material should not be reproduced or used without the authors' written permission. Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 2
  • 3. Some key new features • What is Grid Infrastructure (GI)? • Oracle 11gR2 Clusterware Stack flow • OCR, Voting disks in ASM • Out-of-place upgrade • Redundant interconnect • Clusterized commands • Nodes addition, deletion made easy • Oracle Automatic Cluster File System (ACFS) • Single Client Access Name (SCAN) • Oracle RAC one node • Cluster Health Monitor (CHM) Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 3
  • 4. Know your presenter Syed Jaffer Hussain Database Support Manager Over 20 years IT experience 13 years as an Oracle DBA Oracle ACE Director Oracle 10g Certified Master(OCM) Oracle 10g RAC Certified Expert OCP v8i,9i,10g & 11g ITIL v3 Foundation Certified Authored Oracle 11g R1/R2 Real Application Clusters Essentials Twitter: @sjaffarhussain http://jaffardba.blogspot.com Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 4
  • 5. Know your presenter Technologist of the Year, DBA 2011 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/issue-archive/2012/12- jan/o12awards-tech-1403083.html Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 5
  • 6. Know your presenter Expert Oracle RAC Riyaj Shamsudeen Kai Yu http://orainternals.wordpress.com/about/ http://kyuoracleblog.wordpress.com/ Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 6
  • 7. What is Grid Infrastructure - GI Key Facts • Grid Home consist of : Clusterware + Automatic Storage Management (ASM) • Oracle Clusterware, ASM still remains separate components • Must be configured out of ORACLE_BASE directory • Running any lower version DBs, node must to be pinned Grid Infrastructure (GI) Automatic Storage Oracle Clusterware Management (ASM) Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 7
  • 8. Clusterware stack flow Pre Oracle 11gR2 Oracle 11gR2 init /etc/init.d/init.evmd /etc/init.d/init.cssd evmd.bin /etc/init.d/init.crsd crsd.bin ocssd.bin racgmain, racgimon ons oprocd Courtesy from Oracle Documents Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 8
  • 9. Clusterware stack overview Clusterware startup sequence init ohasd orarootagent cssdagent oraagent • ASM Resource Monitoring • EVMD crsd cssd orarootagent oraagent • Network resources • ASM Resource • SCAN VIP • Diskgroup • VIP • DB Resources • ACFS Registry • SCAN Listener • GNS VIP • Listener • ONS • GNS Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 9
  • 10. OCR, Voting disks in ASM OCR, Voting Disks now can be stored on ASM # ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 3 Total space (kbytes) : 1291700 Used space (kbytes) : 32572 Available space (kbytes) : 1259128 ID : 1402199437 Device/File Name : +DG_OCR_VOTE Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 10
  • 11. OCR, Voting disks in ASM • Supports utmost 5 copies of OCR • Can be stored in separate Diskgroups • Can also have mixed storage: ASM, FS # ocrcheck Status of Oracle Cluster Registry is as follows : Version : 3 Total space (kbytes) : 1291700 Used space (kbytes) : 32572 Available space (kbytes) : 1259128 ID : 1402199437 Device/File Name : +DG_OCR_VOTE Device/File integrity check succeeded Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Device/File not configured Cluster registry integrity check succeeded Logical corruption check bypassed due to non-privileged user Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 11
  • 12. OCR, Voting disks in ASM Migrating OCR on ASM • Create a new Disk Group • Ensure the DG attribute COMPATIBLE.ASM is set to >=11.2 • Mount the DG across nodes srvctl start diskgroup –g DISKGROUP_NAME –n <hostname_list> • ocrconfig –add +DG_OCR_VOTE • Delete OCR from the FS , if required Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 12
  • 13. OCR, Voting disks in ASM Migrating Voting Disk on ASM • Create a new Disk Group with suitable redundancy • Ensure the DG attribute COMPATIBLE.ASM is set to >=‘11.2’ • Mount the DG across nodes srvctl start diskgroup –g DISKGROUP_NAME –n hostname_list • crsctl replace votedisk +DG_OCR_VOTE Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 13
  • 14. OCR, Voting disks in ASM How to multiplex Voting disk (files) at ASM level? Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 14
  • 15. OCR, Voting disks in ASM Key Facts • As a matter of fact, one cannot add more than 1 voting disk in the same or on a separate diskgroup when using External Redundancy • Number of voting disks determined based on the disk group redundancy • 1 voting disk for External redundancy DG • 3 voting disks for Normal redundancy DG (3 Failure groups) • 5 voting disks for High redundancy DG (5 Failure groups) Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 15
  • 16. OCR, Voting disks in ASM # crsctl query css votedisk ## STATE File Universal Id File Name Disk group -- ----- ----------------- --------- --------- 1. ONLINE 429a472a29944f2ebfeaeb56d2bb1877 (/dev/rdisk/oracle/vote/ora_vote_01) [DG_OCR_VOTE] 2. ONLINE 96d1bf7722f84ff2bf1caa23275e01d0 (/dev/rdisk/oracle/vote/ora_vote_02) [DG_OCR_VOTE] 3. ONLINE 755c0187686d4f1fbfa8e2068792491e (/dev/rdisk/oracle/vote/ora_vote_03) [DG_OCR_VOTE] 4. ONLINE 8349ad87c10a4fa8bf75312ba0741b8a (/dev/rdisk/oracle/ocr/ora_ocr_01) [DG_OCR_VOTE] 5. ONLINE 1d9fba7fb51e4fd0bfb89e52d5cab72b (/dev/rdisk/oracle/ocr/ora_ocr_02) [DG_OCR_VOTE] • dd command is no longer supported to backup voting disk. • Voting disk will be backed up in OCR Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 16
  • 17. Out-of-place upgrade Key Facts • Install software into a new/separate ORACLE_HOME /u00/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/crs /u00/app/11.2.0/grid • Less downtime for Cluster upgrades : can save software installation time • With 11gR2 patch set 1, patching installation can be done: In-place or out-of-place • With 11.2.0.2+, all patch sets are a full installation • No longer required base release • Oracle Grid Infrastructure upgrades must be out-of-place upgrades • On the flip side, it requires additional disk space. Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 17
  • 18. Redundant interconnect • Redundancy improves the stability, reliability and scalability of a Cluster • Pre 11gR2, 3rd party redundancy technology: Sun : Trunking, IP Multipathing (IPMP) HP : Auto Port Aggregation Windows : NIC teaming Linux : Bonding • Only active/standby mode is supported with Multiswitch configuration. Private interconnect Link Aggregation: Multiswitch Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 18
  • 19. Redundant interconnect • With 11gR2 (11.2.0.2), Oracle supports multiple redundant interconnect usage without any 3rdparty IP failure technology • Multiple private interconnect adapters can be defined - during installation - use oifcfg setif post installation • Oracle clusterware support utmost four interfaces at a given point in time • Provide load balance, failover for interconnect traffic across all active interfaces Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 19
  • 20. Add, Remove nodes made easy Adding new node • cluvfy stage –pre nodeadd –n ServerC -verbose • addNode.sh –silent “CLUSTER_NEW_NODES={ServerC}” “CLUSTER_NEW_VIRTUAL_HOSTNAMES={ServerC-vip}” • cluvfy state –post nodeadd –n ServerC -verbose Clu ster ServerA ServerB ServerC Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 20
  • 21. Add, Remove nodes made easy Removing a node • olsnodes –s –t • crsctl unpin css –n <ServerC> • $GI/crs/install/rootcrs.pl –dconfig –force – on the node to be deleted • crsctl delete node –n <ServerC> - execute on other node Clu ster ServerA ServerB ServerC Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 21
  • 22. Oracle Automatic Cluster Filesystem - ACFS Key Facts • Extends ASM capabilities to manage ALL types of data • ACFS is a multi-platform filesystem that runs on any plat-form • Designed for general-purpose standalone and cluster wide FS • Oracle binaries, application files, data files, BFILES, video/audio, and other configuration files can be stored Courtesy by Oracle docs Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 22
  • 23. Oracle Automatic Cluster Filesystem - ACFS Key Facts & Advantages • Dynamic extension: minimizes the downtime to resize the FS • Evenly distributes the extents of ACFS filesystem across all disks • Can be used for shared, non-shared Oracle Home in a RAC • ACFS drivers must be configured: they are installed/configured by default • Use ASMCA tool or ASMCMD command prompt to create ACFS • acfsutil : to manage, administrate ACFS • a new b/g process, asm_acfs_+ASMn manages ACFS functionality • Query v$asm_filesystem, v$asm_acfsvolumes dynamic views Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 23
  • 24. Oracle Automatic Cluster Filesystem - ACFS Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 24
  • 25. Clusterized cluster-aware commands Start, Stop & Verify cluster status cluster wide # crsctl check cluster -all - to check the status of the Clusterware on all nodes # crsctl stop cluster -all - to stop the Oracle Clusterware stack on all nodes # crsctl start cluster -all - to start the Oracle Clusterware stack on all nodes Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 25
  • 26. Single Client Access Name - SCAN Key Facts • Simplifies client connection to the database services • Provides a single/virtual name for all clients to connect DBs in a cluster • A stable and highly available name for clients • Require 1 – 3 round robin IP address define either in the - Domain Name Server (DNS) - Grid Name Server (GNS) • SCAN IPs must be on the same subnet as Public and Virtual Ips • A fully qualified host name (host + domain name) • Mandatory for GI installation and upgrades • SCAN listener will be running by default under GI home • Oracle doesn’t recommend configuring SCAN in the /etc/hosts file Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 26
  • 27. Single Client Access Name - SCAN SCAN architecture Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 27
  • 28. Single Client Access Name - SCAN Pre 11gR2 Clusterware, RAC Architecture Public network interface Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 28
  • 29. Single Client Access Name - SCAN SCAN architecture Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 29
  • 30. Single Client Access Name - SCAN How does SCAN works? • Three LISTENER_SCANn are configured in a cluster. • All instances register SCAN through REMOTE_LISTENER parameter. RACDB = (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=SCAN.domain)(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=RACDB_MAIN)) ) # srvctl status SCAN SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is enabled SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN1 is running on node ServerA SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN2 is enabled SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN2 is running on node ServerB SCAN Listener LISTENER_SCAN3 is enabled SCAN listener LISTENER_SCAN3 is running on node ServerC Courtesy by Oracle Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 30
  • 31. Oracle RAC One Node Key Facts • A single instance of RAC database [active/passive] on a node in a cluster • Commonly known as “Always On Instance” • Online database relocation, no downtime for application users • Uses Omotion tool to move instance online from one server to another, without any downtime • Rolling online patching • Easy conversion to RAC and vice versa • Complements with Oracle Virtual Machine (OVM) • Sustain node failures by providing an automatic instance failover mechanism Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 31
  • 32. Oracle RAC One Node – contd… Key Facts • Fully integrated with DG and EM • An additional license is required, $10,000/processor, vs $23,000/processor RAC • GI must be configured, up and running • Better option than any 3rd party clustering HA (HACMP, Service Guard, Veritas) • On the flip side, doesn’t support Load Balancing Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 32
  • 33. Oracle RAC One Node Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 33
  • 34. Oracle RAC One Node Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 34
  • 35. Oracle RAC One Node Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 35
  • 36. Oracle RAC One Node srvctl relocate database -d kr1n -n k2r720n2 -w 5 -v Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 36
  • 37. Oracle RAC One Node srvctl relocate database -d kr1n -n k2r720n2 -w 5 -v Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 37
  • 38. Oracle RAC One Node srvctl relocate database -d kr1n -n k2r720n2 -w 5 -v Added target node k2r720n1 Configuration updated to two instances Instance kr1n_2 started Services relocated Waiting for 5 minutes for instance kr1n_1 to stop..... Instance kr1n_1 stopped Configuration updated to one instance Courtesy by Kai Yu Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 38
  • 39. Cluster Health Monitor - CHM • Previously know as Instantaneous Problem Detector for Clusters (IPD/OS) • With 11gR2 (11.2.0.3) installed and activated by default on most OS • For pre 11gR2, need to download the tool from OTN • Collects OS system metrics: memory, swap, processes, IO, network • Real time statistics collection, every second, and stored in repository • The CHM repository requires 1gb disk space per node in the cluster • Can be installed on a single node, non-RAC servers • CHM vs OSWatcher : OSW often can’t run when CPU load is heavy OSW uses more CPU • CHM uses less than 5% of CPU/core Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 39
  • 40. Cluster Health Monitor - CHM # crsctl stat res -t -init -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME TARGET STATE SERVER STATE_DETAILS -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cluster Resources -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ora.asm 1 ONLINE ONLINE ServerA Started ora.crf 1 ONLINE ONLINE ServerA ora.crsd 1 ONLINE ONLINE ServerA Collecting CHM data #Grid_home/bin/diagcollection.pl -collect -crshome Grid_home -chmoshome Grid_home -chmos -incidenttime 07/14/201201:00:00 -incidentduration 00:30 Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 40
  • 41. Cluster Health Monitor - CHM • CHMOSG : A graphical user interface to CHM tool • Download from OTN, configure under GI home • Tool, Presentation : http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/clustering/downloads/ipd- download-homepage-087212.html Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 41
  • 42. Cluster Health Monitor - CHM CHMOSG - Monitoring Courtesy by Oracle Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 42
  • 43. Cluster Health Monitor - CHM Courtesy by Oracle Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 43
  • 44. Cluster Health Monitor - CHM Cluster view histograms Courtesy by Oracle Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 44
  • 45. Q&A – Thank you A big thank to TROUG and you all for listening ... You can reach me at sjaffarhussain@gmail.com Courtesy by Oracle Presented by : Syed Jaffer Hussain TROUG Day 2012 Slide # 45