1. Open Silicon Valley : March 2009
is cleantech
maintech?
Saul Griffith.
Makanipower.com

2. 3.5
Sep.11.2001.
3
Recession.
2.5
Oil Crises.
2
1.5
Depression.
1
0.5
0
1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
quot;The Game Planquot; slideset release 1.01, March 21 2008 67

3. Two stories : one global, one personal.

4. HOW MUCH POWER
DO I USE?

5. SFO TO LHR 41
W
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Bic
House
W
~2500 Watts

7. Per capita power use 2003
Per Capita Energy Use 2003
30
16 Belgium
17 Saudi Arabia
18 Singapore
19 Gibraltar
20 Netherlands
21 Oman
1 Qatar 22 France
23 Russian Federation
25 2 Iceland 24 New Zealand
3 United Arab Emirates 25 Korea, Rep
26 Czech Rep
4 Bahrain 27 Germany
28 Austria
5 Luxembourg 29 Japan
6 Netherlands Antilles 30 United Kingdom
31 Denmark
7 Kuwait 32 Ireland
20 8 Trinidad and Tobago 33 Switzerland
34 Estonia
9 Canada 35 Turkmenistan
36 Slovenia
10 United States 37 Slovakia
11 Brunei Darussalam 38 Kazakhstan
39 Cyprus
kilowatts
12 Finland 40 Spain
41 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
13 Norway
15
42 Israel
14 Sweden 43 Italy
44 Ukraine
15 Australia 45 Greece
46 Belarus
47 Lithuania
48 South Africa
49 Hungary
50 Bulgaria
US Average.
10
5
Global
Average
0 10 20 30 40 50

8. If the average American
were to leave home each
morning with a backpack
full of the fuel they need-
ed for their day:
Oil = 10 kg = 23 lb.
Coal = 10 kg = 23 lb.
Gas = 200 cubic feet.

9. Energy (TW)
0
1
2
3
4
5
Ele
ctr
ici
ty
Ge
n
Tra
n sp
ort
ati
on
Ind
us
try
Co
ok
ing
Air
He
a tin
Ind g
us
tri
Ag al
St
ri ea
cu
ltu m
re
& Fo
re str
y
Wa
te rH
ea
tin
g
Oil
Lig
Bio
ht
Coal
Tidal
Wind
Solar
Hydro
Dis
Nuclear
tri
bu
tio
n
Geothermal
Natural Gas
Mi
nin
g
2007 Energy Consumption - Primary use by fuel type

10. Which has led to this problem :
380
370
360
CO Level (ppm)
CO concentration (ppm)
350
340
Mauna Loa Direct Measurement
Hawaii
330
320
Ice Core 20 year Average
Law Dome Antarctica
310
1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
year
Year

11. Cumulative National CO2 Emissions from Fossil-Fuel Burning,
Cumulative national CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, ce-
ment manufacture, andand Gas Flaring: 1751-2004
Cement Manufacture, gas flaring: 1751-2004
90
80 1 UNITED_STATES_OF_AMERICA 16 AUSTRALIA
17 CZECHOSLOVAKIA
2 USSR 18 BELGIUM
3 CHINA_MAINLAND 19 SPAIN
4 GERMANY_COMBINE 20 BRAZIL
5 JAPAN_COMBINE 21 REPUBLIC_OF_KOREA
70 6 UNITED_KINGDOM
22 NETHERLANDS
23 ISLAMIC_REPUBLIC_OF_IRAN
giga metric tons of carbon
7 YUGOSLAVIA_COMBINE 24 SAUDI_ARABIA
8 FRANCE_INCLUDING_MONACO 25 INDONESIA
26 ROMANIA
9 INDIA
27 DEMOCRATIC_PEOPLES_REPUBLIC_OF_KOREA
60 10 CANADA 28 ARGENTINA
11 POLAND 29 VENEZUELA
12 RUSSIAN_FEDERATION 30 TURKEY
31 UKRAINE
13 ITALY_INCLUDING_SAN_MARINO 32 TAIWAN
14 SOUTH_AFRICA 33 AUSTRIA
50 15 MEXICO 34 SWEDEN
35 HUNGARY
36 THAILAND
37 DENMARK
38 ALGERIA
39 BULGARIA
40 40 EGYPT
41 GREECE
42 SWITZERLAND
43 NIGERIA
44 MALAYSIA
45 FINLAND
30 46 UNITED_ARAB_EMIRATES
47 KAZAKHSTAN
48 IRAQ
49 COLOMBIA
50 PAKISTAN
20
10
0 10 20 30 40 50

12. Out of equilibrium
Atmosphere
Atmosphere ~700 GtC
to Ocean +2 / yr
2 GtC/year
Soils
Carbon to
3000 GtC
Atmosphere
8 GtC/year
Oceans
40000 GtC
Accessible
Fossil Fuels
1600 GtC
Vegetation
700 GtC

13. Temperature Changes around the world
in the last quarter of the 20th century
Trends in °C per decade
-1 - 0.8 - 0.6 - 0.4 - 0.2 0 + 0.2 + 0.4 + 0.6 + 0.8 +1
-1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 +0.2 +0.4 +0.6 +0.8 +1

14. What temperature do we choose?
?
?
?
?
?

15. Choose your target
1000
ppm
750
ppm
6.0
650
5.5 ppm
5.0
Temperature Rise, degrees Celsius
4.5 550 Entire cities and countries lost to sea level
Temperature Rise, degrees Celsius.
ppm
4.0 500
ppm
3.5 20-50% Species Lost
3.0 450 1-4 Billion people face water shortages
ppm
2.5 400 15-40% Species Lost
ppm
2.0
2.0
1.5
10% Species Lost
1.0
0.5 Scenarios
A1B
0.0
A1T
A1FI
-0.5 A2
B1
-1.0 B2
IS92a
1700 1800 1900 2000 2100