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1. HEC Plagiarism Policy
Based on
Leeds Met University’s
Little Book of Plagiarism
Dr. Abida Eijaz
Institute of Communication Studies
University of the Punjab, Lahore

2. Contents
 Definition
 Aim
 Applicability
 Responsibility of the Institution
 Reporting
 Investigation
 The Plagiarism Standing Committee
 Penalties for Plagiarism
 Additional Actions Required
 Appeal
 Penalty of Wrong Reporting/ False Allegation

3. Definition
 Concise Oxford Dictionary
“Taking and using the thoughts, writings and
inventions of another person as one’s own”.
This definition is not practical enough to apply in
order to ascertain guilt or innocence.

4. Manifestations of Plagiarism
 Verbatim copying, near verbatim copying or
purposely paraphrasing portions of another
author’s paper or unpublished report without
citing the exact reference.
Not applying quotation marks correctly,
not citing the source correctly,

5.  Copying elements of another author’s
paper such as equations or illustrations
that are not common knowledge, or
purposely paraphrasing sentences without
citing the source.
1. Exact citation of anything (equation, formula,
illustration etc.) that is not common knowledge,
either copying or paraphrasing
2. Different interpretation of some common knowledge
needs citation

6.  Verbatim copying portions of another
author’s paper or from reports by citing but
not clearly differentiating what text has
been copied and/or not citing the source
correctly
1. Not applying quotation marks correctly
2. Wrong citation

7.  The unacknowledged use of computer
programs, computer software, web pages,
databases, spreadsheets, graph, tables,
drawings, artifacts, music compositions
etc.
1. A researcher has to mention the
material that has facilitated to produce
results.

8.  Self-plagiarism that is the verbatim or
near verbatim re-use of significant
portions of one’s own copyrighted work
without citing the original source.
1. Re-use of one’s own copyrighted work
without citing the original source.

9. Definition From Wikipedia
 “The unauthorized use or close imitation of the language
and thoughts of another author and the representation of
them as one’s own original work. Within academia, it is
considered ‘Academic Dishonesty’ or ‘Academic Fraud’.
 Self-plagiarism in wikipedia,
“The re-use of significant, identical, or nearly identical
portions of one’s own work without acknowledging that
one is doing so or without citing the original work”.

10. The Little Book of Plagiarism
 The University of Greenwich has a definition of plagiarism:
Plagiarism includes, but is not limited to:
1. Using published work without referencing
2. Copying coursework essays
3. Collaborating with any other person when individual work is suggested
4. Taking another person’s computer file/ program
5. Submitting another person’s work as one’s own
6. The use of acknowledged material published on the web
7. Purchase of model assignment
8. Copying another student’s results
9. Falsifying results

11. Plagiarism in Practice
 Plagiarism takes many forms. Some of the
common forms include
Copying from a single source
Copying from several sources
Paraphrasing
Collusion
Re-use of programming code

12. Aim of HEC Plagiarism Policy
 Apprise students, teachers and
researchers about Plagiarism
 Discourage plagiarism activities
 Regulate and authorize punitive actions

13. Applicability of Plagiarism Policy
 Students, teachers, researchers and staff
of all institutions and organizations in
Pakistan who are involved in writing or
publishing their work
 Any person listing his CV on the website
or any current publication or applying for
any benefit on the basis of published or
presented work that is plagiarized will be
liable to be punished as per prescribed
rules.

14. Responsibility of the Institution
 Apprise and acquaint their students,
teachers, staff and researchers about this
policy
 A modified version of “Little Book of
Plagiarism” a publication of Leeds
Metropolitan University, serves as an
Annexure to this policy
 Any University or Degree Awarding
Institution which does not adopt and
implement this policy will have its degree
derecognized by HEC

15. Reporting of Plagiarism
 A complaint is to be made by email, post, fax or
other means to HEC Quality Assurance Division
or respective University about alleged
plagiarism.
 Information to be provided in the complaint
includes, citation of the original paper along with
details, citation of the alleged plagiarizing paper,
copies of both and any other information, details
of the complainant.

16. Investigation of Plagiarism
Allegations
 HEC Quality Assurance Division will request the
respective VC/ Rector/ Head of the Institution/
Organization to carry out investigation
 VC/ Rector/ Head will constitute a
‘Plagiarism Standing Committee’
consisting of three senior faculty members
(seniority in relation to the alleged person),
a subject specialist to be co-opted,
a senior student in case of student alleged.

17.  Members of the ‘Plagiarism Standing
Committee’ have to sign a confidentiality
statement
 Provide opportunity to the author(s) to justify the
originality of their concepts and research.
 Similar opportunity to the complainant to justify
the complaint.
 The Committee will submit its report within sixty
days
 The VC/ Rector/ Head of the Institution/
Organization will have the discretion to
implement the recommendations after approval
through the statutory process and take punitive
action or to forward the report to HEC or the
parent Organization for further action if outside
their jurisdiction.

18. Penalties for Plagiarism
 Two separate categories of punishment i.e
 Penalties for Teachers, Researchers and
Staff
 Penalties for Students

19. Penalties for Teachers,
Researchers and Staff
 Major penalty
Where most of the paper have been exactly copied
from any published work without giving reference to
the original work.
 Dismissal from service along with
the offender may be ‘black listed,’ may not be eligible
for employment in any academic, research
organization, the notification of the ‘black listing’ of the
author may be published in the print media or on the
websites.

20.  Moderate penalty
Where some paragraphs including some key results
have been copied without citation
Demotion to the next lower grade
The notification of the ‘black listing’ of the author
may be published in the print media or on the
websites at the discretion of the VC/ Rector/ Head
of the organization

21.  Minor penalty
Where few paragraphs have been copied from an
external source without citation
Warning, freezing of all research grants, the promotion
or annual increment may be stopped for a specified
period
HEC may debar from sponsorship of research funding,
travel grant, supervision of PhD students, scholarship,
fellowship, or any other funded program for a period
suggested by Plagiarism Standing Committee

22. Penalties for Students
 Plagiarism Standing Committee in its recommendations will advise
the VC/ Rector/ Head of the Institution/ Organization for any one or a
combination of the following disciplinary action(s).
In case of thesis the responsibility of plagiarism will be of the student
and not of the supervisor.
The offender may be expelled/rusticated from the University
and debarred from joining any other institution of HEC for a
suggested period.
The offender may be relegated to a lower class
The offender may be given a failure grade in the subject
The offender may be fined, written warning if offence is minor
The degree of the student may be withdrawn if at any time
plagiarism is detected.
Notification of the plagiarism may be published in the print
media or on the website

23. Additional Actions Required
 If the plagiarized paper is accessible on
the web page, its access will be removed.
 The author will be asked to write a formal
letter of apology to the authors of the
original paper, including an admission of
plagiarism

24. Appeal
 The affected person has the right to
appeal to the Chairman HEC/ VC/ Rector/
Head of the organization for a review of
the findings or may submit a mercy
petition within 30 days from the date of
notification.
 Such appeals will be disposed off within
60 days.

25. Penalty for Wrong Reporting/
False Allegation
 When it is confirmed that a false allegation
was lodged, the VC/ Rector/ Head of the
organization will inform the complainant’s
organization and will recommend disciplinary
action against the complainant to be taken by
his/her parent organization.