From its first use case that enabled distributed communications for US Navy ships to the autonomous systems of today, the DDS family of standards has enabled new generations of applications to run reliably, rapidly and securely, regardless of distance or scale.
To commemorate the 20th year milestone, the DDS Foundation is creating presentations that highlight the 14 specifications in the DDS standard, along with selected real-world use cases.
This presentation introduces some of the original use-cases and experiments, along with a brief history of the Standards.
A recorded video of the presentation is available at this URL
https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/12231/602966
A Secure and Reliable Document Management System is Essential.docx
DDS, the US Navy, and the Need for Distributed Software
1. DDS, the US Navy,
and the Need for
Distributed Software
Gerardo Pardo
CTO, Real-Time Innovations (RTI)
Mark Swick
Former US Navy System Developer
January 18, 2024
2. 2
DDS Foundation
Vendor-neutral, collaborative nonprofit formed to grow DDS usage
● Collaborative initiative with the OMG DDS Special Interest Group (SIG)
● DDS Users, Government Institutions, Researchers, Universities,
Vendors
Mission: Promote the adoption, interoperability and success of DDS family
of standards to a wider user community
Goals:
● Drive future requirements for the DDS standard
● Define industry-specific data models and adaptations of DDS
● Test vendor interoperability
● Provide industry education and resources
www.dds-foundation.org
3. 3
Upcoming DDS Foundation Events
● February 22 - Intro to DDS (Webinar)
● March 20 - 20th Anniversary Celebration
(Reston, Virginia)
● April - What’s new in the DDS Security Spec 2.0 (Webinar)
www.dds-foundation.org
5. 5
Today’s Speakers
Former Principal, US Navy Project
that formed the DDS Standard
Mark Swick Gerardo Pardo, Ph.D.
Lead author of the DDS & RTPS specifications
CTO, Real-Time Innovations (RTI)
10. 10
High Performance Distributed Computing
(HiPer-D) Experiments
• Large Scale Prototype of Naval Combat System
• Implemented a distributed reference architecture
• Instrumented in real-time for latency and performance
• Used to evaluate all processing aspects in different combinations
• Computers
• Operating Systems
• Languages
• Networks
• Middleware
ndds
splice
11. 11
Needs – Stakeholders
• Fault Tolerance
• No single point of failure; redundancy; graceful degradation
• Determinism
• Predictability; fine-grained control
• Scalability
• Add/remove capability dynamically
• Maintainability/Life-Cycle
• Open, modular, composable architecture
• Adaptability: OS, CPU, Network, Languages, Middleware
• Open Standards
Aerospace &
Defense Systems
Robotic & Space Systems Complex Automation
Systems
12. Established Technologies found Lacking (circa 2000)
• Object Centric:
• CORBA, Java RMI
• Message Queuing
• IBM, Microsoft, JMS
• Service Oriented
• SOAP, REST, ESB
• Established Pub–Sub
• Talarian, TIBCO
Not real-time (TCP based). Broker-based.
Mostly proprietary in API or Protocol
Targeting transaction systems
High-Latency. Server/Broker based,
Survivability & Deployment Issues
Not Real-Time
Proprietary – lacking standards
Broker-based
Integration Focus
Lacking data/interface definition
Limited QoS
Strict coupling, no one-to-many, Architecture has
Survivability issues (single points of failure)
Event Services implemented as server objects
13. 13
1
Foundation for DDS standard (1995 - 2004)
From the DDS 1.0 Standard:
“Prior to the adoption of the DDS
specification there were commercially
available products that implemented many
of these features (among them, NDDS from
Real-Time Innovations and Splice from
THALES Naval Nederland); however, these
products were proprietary and did not offer
standardized interfaces and behaviors. The
purpose of the DDS specification is to define
the standardized interfaces and behaviors
that enable application portability.”
14. 14
Needs – Stakeholders
• Open, modular, composable architecture
• Correctness: state consistency, reliability, ordering
• Supporting real-time, low-latency, predictable execution
• Ultra robust without single points of failure
• Survivability: Continue operating with available components
• Elasticity: Scale as needed; degraded least critical resources first
• Flexible, evolvable deployment
• Adaptability: OS, CPU, Network, Programming Languages
Aerospace &
Defense Systems
Robotic & Space Systems Complex Automation
Systems
Can’t “suspend” the
real-world
22 missiles incoming…
shot down 21
Single architecture
from server to edge
Lower Landing Gear -> Land
16. DDS: Shared Databus
Topic
A
Q
o
S
Topic
C
Q
o
S Topic
D
Q
o
S
DDS
DOMAIN
Persistenc
e
Recording
Service
CRUD operations
Topic B : “Turbine
State”
Source (Key) Speed Power Phase
WPT1 37.4 122.0 -12.20
WPT2 10.7 74.0 -12.23
WPTN 50.2 150.07 -11.98
Q
o
S
18. Expanding and Improving specification family
D
D
S
D
D
S
-
R
T
P
S
2
.
0
D
D
S
-
X
T
Y
P
E
S
O
P
C
U
A
/
D
D
S
G
a
t
e
w
a
y
D
D
S
-
X
R
C
E
,
D
D
S
-
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
D
D
S
-
C
+
+
D
D
S
-
-
J
a
v
a
D
D
S
-
R
P
C
D
D
S
-
X
M
L
D
D
S
-
W
E
B
D
D
S
-
R
T
P
S
2
.
2
D
D
S
-
R
T
P
S
2
.
1
D
D
S
1
.
2
I
D
L
4
.
1
D
D
S
1
.
1
2004 2006 2007 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
2017
2015
2013
2005 2009 2011 2019
D
D
S
-
T
S
N
I
D
L
4
-
J
A
V
A
,
I
D
L
4
-
C
#
D
D
S
-
J
S
O
N
,
D
D
S
-
X
T
Y
P
E
S
1
.
3
D
D
S
-
M
o
n
i
t
o
r
i
n
g
2020 2021
D
D
S
-
R
T
P
S
2
.
5
2022 2023 2024
I
D
L
4
.
2
D
D
S
-
S
e
c
u
r
i
t
y
1
.
1
,
D
D
S
O
P
C
U
A
I
D
L
4
-
C
+
+
Real-Time Innovations, Inc.
Source: Real-Time Innovations (RTI)
19. TCP
DDS Specification Family
DDS v1.4
RTPS v2.5
DDS-SECURITY
DDS-RPC
DDS-XTYPES
Application
UDP TCP DTLS TLS
DDS-C++ DDS-JAVA DDS-IDL-C DDS-IDL-C#
SHARED-
MEMORY
IP
HTT
P
IDL
4.
TSN
Ethernet
DDS-WEB
DDS-OPC
UA
OPC
/TCP
DDS-XRCE
DDS-JSON
DDS-XML
DDS-TSN 1.0
20. Standards/Platforms using DDS
UMAA (Unmanned Maritime
Autonomy Architecture)
Tactical Microgrid Standard
Future Airborne Capability Environment
NATO Generic Vehicle Architecture
Navy Open Architecture
Connected Vehicle Systems Alliance
Defense Automotive Power
Healthcare Robotics
Transportation
NASA Robot Application
Programming Interface Delegate
Robot Operating System