History of Information Communication and Technology

1. Living in IT Era with
Security Awareness
JC Gevana
MM-EM

2. Terms and definition
ICT - Information and Communication Technology
IT - Information Technology
CT - Communication Technology

3. History of ICT
ICT, or Information and Communications Technology
 Refers to technologies that provide access to information through
telecommunication.
 Although there is no single, universal definition of ICT, the term is generally
accepted to mean all devices, networking components, applications and
systems that combined allow people and organizations (i.e., businesses,
nonprofit agencies, governments and criminal enterprises) to interact in the
digital world.

4. Type of ICT
 Information Technology (IT) is the term used to describe the items of
equipment (Hardware) and computer programs (Software) that allow us to
access, retrieve, store, organize, manipulate, and present information by
electronic means.

5. Type of ICT
 Communication Technology (CT) is the term used to describe
telecommunication equipment through which information can be sought
and accessed.

6. Type of ICT
What Type of Communication?

7. Evolution of ICT
The Beginning of ICT can be trace back when humans started to use
objects to communicate with one another.
There are four main periods in history that devide the ere of ICT, namely:
1. Premechanical
2. Mechanical
3. Electromechanical
4. Electronic

8. Evolution of ICT
Premechanical
 It can be defined as the time between 3000B.C. and 1450A.D.
 When humans first started communicating they would try to
use language or simple picture drawings known as petroglyths
which were usually carved in rock.
 Paper were compiled and bound together eventually giving
birth to books.
 “Libraries” were considered as the first data center in history.
 Humans Started using numerical system during the late stage
of this period
 The most popular device created in this period is Abacus from
China. The first device to process information.

9. Evolution of ICT
Mechanical
 Time between 1450 and 1840
 Start to see connections between our current technology and
its ancestors
 The machine driven by mechanical mean such us steam and
gears dominated information processing and calculation
 Technologies like the slide rule (an analog computer used for
multiplying and dividing) were invented.
 1642 and 1644 Pascaline was invented, also called Arithmetic
Machine, the first calculator or adding machine to be produced
in any quantity and actually used. The Pascaline was designed
and built by the French mathematician-philosopher Blaise
Pascal

10. Evolution of ICT
Consist of 8000 parts
Weighs five tons
Measures 11 feets
 In 1821 invented the Difference Engine.
 The machine calculated and printed mathematical
tables and was powered by cranking a handle.
 Charles Babbage, A mathematician, philosopher,
inventor and mechanical engineer, Babbage originated
the concept of a digital programmable computer.
 Considered by some to be "father of the computer“
 Difference Engine was completed last 2002, 153years
later.

11. Evolution of ICT
Electromechanical
 It started around 1840-1940
 The use of electricity for information handling and transfer
bloomed. These are the beginnings of telecommunication
 The telegraph was created in the early 1800s. Consider as
the first electrical communication device
 Morse code was created by Samuel Morse in 1835. Refers
to either of two systems for representing letters of the
alphabet, numerals, and punctuation marks by an
arrangement of dots, dashes, and spaces. The codes are
transmitted as electrical pulses of varied lengths or
analogous mechanical or visual signals, such as flashing
lights.

12. Evolution of ICT
Electromechanical
 In 1876, The telephone (one of the most popular forms of
communication ever) was created by Alexander Graham Bell.
 In March 7, 1876, Bell received a patent for his telephone,
which was described as an “apparatus for transmitting vocal
or other sounds telegraphically.” Three days later, on March
10, Bell spoke through the instrument to Watson, using the
now famous line, “Mr. Watson, come here. I want to see
you.”
 In July 1877, Bell Telephone Co. was established, and Bell
served as the company’s technical adviser until the early
1880s

13. Evolution of ICT
Electromechanical
 In 1894, first radio developed by Guglielmo
Marconi
 At the age of 20, Marconi began to conduct
experiments in radio waves, building much of his
own equipment in the attic of his home
 December 1894, Marconi demonstrated a radio
transmitter and receiver to his mother, a set-up
that made a bell ring on the other side of the
room by pushing a telegraphic button on a
bench.

14. Evolution of ICT
Historical background of ICT | PPT (slideshare.net)
History Of Information Technology — Introduction to Information and
Communication Technology (openbookproject.net)

15. Thank You!!!!