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1. The
Roman
Republic
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3. 1.Expansion
The Roman Republic 2.Struggle of the Orders
3.conquest of Italy
4.coliseum
5.caesar
6.Institutions
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4. 1.Constant warfare
1.Defensive wars
2.'Expansion by accident'
2.Conquest of Italy
1.5-4 c. BC Etruscans defeated
2.387 BC Gauls sack Rome
1.Rome recovers
2.Romans desire buffer zone
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5. 3.338 BC Latin League uprising
put down
1.Latin League becomes Rome's
first 'buffer'
4.265 BC Conquest of Italy
complete
3.Punic Wars
1.Fought against Carthage
1.Allied to Philip V of Macedon
2.First 264-261 BC
1.Rome gains Sicily
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6. 2.Signs peace treaty with
Carthage
3.Rome then invades Corsica
1. Again desire for a 'buffer'
2. Fear of Carthaginian power
4.Carthaginians build up
strength
1. Spanish Colonies
3.Second 218-202 BC
1.Rome offers protection to
Saguntum
1. Spanish city
2. In Carthaginian territory
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7. 2.Hannibal in charge of Spain
1. Conquers Saguntum
2. Romans demand
1. Hannibal is dismissed
2. Hannibal sent to Rome
3. War is declared
3.Hannibal invades Italy
1. Long march through Alps
1. Small army
2. Could not besiege cities
3. Relied on Spain for supplies
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8. 2. Hannibal destroys Roman
armies
3. Quintus Fabius Maximus made
Dictator Absolute
4. Battle of Cannae
1. Romans defeated
2. Largest Roman army ever in
field
5. Publius Cornelius Scipio given
imperium of Spain
1. Tactically brilliant
2. Conquers Spain
3. Isolates Hannibal
4. Invades Africa
4.Hannibal returns to Africa
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9. 1. 202 BC Battle of Zama
2. Hannibal defeated by Scipio
3. Rome controls western
Mediterranean
4.Third 149-146 BC
1.Carthage revives through
trade
2.Romans fear a new Carthage
3.Rome demands Carthage to
be abandoned
4.Carthaginians refuse
5.Romans sack Carthage
1. Kill or enslave all citizens
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10. 2. Destroy city and harbour
3. Sow the surrounding soil with
salt
4.Hellenistic Wars
1.First Hellenistic War
1.Philip V of Macedon allies
himself with Carthage
2.Rome forced to send an army
east
3.Rome Demands Philip Stop
Empire Building
4.Phillip refuses
5.Starts Second Hellenistic War
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11. 2.Second Hellenistic War
1.200 BC Rome sends army
under Flaminus to Thessaly
2.Philip defeated
3.196 BC Rome declares all
Greek cities 'free'
4.Antiochus invades Greece
1. Eastern 'Greek' empire
5.Antiochus defeated at
Magnesia in Asia Minor in 189
BC
3.Third Hellenistic War
1.Phillip V succeeded by Perseus
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12. 2.Perseus stirs rebellion
3.Rome invades Greece again
4.Defeats Perseus
5.Enforces strict controls
6.Massive looting
7.Roman treasury filled
8.Roman influence extends to
the east
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13. 1. Plebians vs Patricians
1. Patricians wanted to keep
power
2. Plebians wanted equality
2. 494 BC Plebians occupy
Sacred Mount
1. Plebians declare an alternate
government
3. 450 BC Law of the Twelve
Tables
1. Formalized and codified law
2. Victory for the rights of citizens
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14. 4.445 BC Plebians may marry
Patricians
5.367 BC Plebians may be
made Consul
6.300 BC Plebians may serve
in all ranks of priesthood
7.287 BC Assembly
legislation becomes
binding on entire citizenry
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15. 1.Senate
1.Made up of Patricians
2.Held real power
2.Assembly
1.Made up from Plebians
3.Consul
1.Two
2.Elected for 1 Year
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16. 3.Powers
1.Head of Judiciary
2.High Priest
3.Head of military
4.Initiated legislation
4.325 BC Proconsul
introduced
1.As Consuls
2.Extended period of office
due to war
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17. 5.Quaestors
1.Two
2.Financial officials
6.Praetor
1.Initially judicial position
2.Became a military post
3.1 year appointment
1.Extended during war
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18. 7.Censors
1.Two
2.Set taxation
3.Gathered the census
4.Could dismiss Senators
5.Became very powerful
6.Powers open to corruption
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