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Agro-economic analysis of the use of glyphosate in UK agriculture James Clarke [email_address] Sarah Wynn & Sarah Cook Roundup Ready® Maize Symposium The European Perspective 23-24 March 2010, Brussels
Agro-economic analysis of the use of glyphosate in UK agriculture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Glyphosate in context ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Glyphosate: world’s best-selling herbicide Source:  Phillips McDougall, 2008 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Glyphosate in Europe ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Herbicide use in UK – area sprayed (ha) and active substance (kg) – arable crops 2008 Source:  Pesticides Usage Survey, 2008 Approval ceased 2008
Project methodology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Main glyphosate use in UK ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Typical glyphosate use in UK Pre-harvest Pre-planting Pre-emergence
Main reasons for glyphosate use in UK ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Establishing the impacts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Benefits of pre-harvest use 10% in wheat, 15% in OSR, greater in spring crops Elytrigia repens  control: 100 shoots/m 2  could cause at least 10% yield reductions  Weed control Increased combine efficiency – increased speed of travel Lower harvest cost 3.5L/ha fuel saved General Dries out green material lowers harvest moisture (1-2%) Uneven or weedy crops Benefit Timing
Benefits pre-planting/pre-emergence Typical benefit 20% increase in yield Bare soil prior to planting reduces pest and disease infection Pre-planting Controls weeds and volunteer crops Stale seed beds Mode of action reduces herbicide resistance pressures Pre-planting and pre-harvest  Benefit Timing
Value of key benefits of glyphosate 310 Reduce grass weeds, such as  Alopecurus myosuroides , volunteers and perennial weeds Pre-planting of winter wheat 108 Desiccant and harvest aid, reduced drying and earlier harvest Pre-harvest in oilseed rape 56 Elytrigia repens  control to prevent yield loss across a rotation, reduction in drying costs Pre-harvest in winter wheat Value (£/ha treated) Key benefits Use
Assessing impacts at UK scale ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Wheat and oilseed rape: major UK crops Source: Defra Statistics 2008, UK
Area treated with glyphosate in UK 2008 Source:  Pesticides Usage Survey, 2008 1.20 1.39 1.25 1.17 1.14 1.18 1.16 No of applications 41 51 73,000 Beans 87 45 19,000 Peas 96 70 529,000 OSR 94 19 23,000 Oats 83 26 175,000 Spring barley 77 25 120,000 Winter barley 78 27 651,000 Wheat % Pre-harvest  % crop treated  Area treated (spray ha) Crop
% area treated, by crop, with glyphosate Sources: Pesticide Usage Survey 2008 (PUS), Agronomist/Farmer meetings in West & East of England
% area treated, by crop, with glyphosate Sources: Pesticide Usage Survey 2008 (PUS), Agronomist/Farmer meetings in West & East of England
Yields reduced without glyphosate
Yields reduced without glyphosate
Estimated % loss of production to UK, by crop, without glyphosate
Estimated loss £m to UK, all crops, without glyphosate
Estimated losses £m, by crop, without glyphosate Sources: Pesticide Usage Survey 2008 (PUS), Agronomist/Farmer meetings in West & East of England
Impact of losses at farm scale ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Impact of loss on food prices ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Environmental impacts ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Implications for GHG emissions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1 Publicly available specification 2050 (PAS2050):2008 – Specification for the assessment of the lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions of goods and services.  Available from  www.bsigroup.com/pas2050
Social impacts  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Loss of glyphosate would cause.... ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Actions required to retain availability of valuable active substance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Agro-economic analysis of the use of glyphosate in UK agriculture James Clarke [email_address] Sarah Wynn & Sarah Cook Roundup Ready® Maize Symposium The European Perspective 23-24 March 2010, Brussels

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J Clarke

  • 1. Agro-economic analysis of the use of glyphosate in UK agriculture James Clarke [email_address] Sarah Wynn & Sarah Cook Roundup Ready® Maize Symposium The European Perspective 23-24 March 2010, Brussels
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  • 6. Herbicide use in UK – area sprayed (ha) and active substance (kg) – arable crops 2008 Source: Pesticides Usage Survey, 2008 Approval ceased 2008
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  • 9. Typical glyphosate use in UK Pre-harvest Pre-planting Pre-emergence
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  • 12. Benefits of pre-harvest use 10% in wheat, 15% in OSR, greater in spring crops Elytrigia repens control: 100 shoots/m 2 could cause at least 10% yield reductions Weed control Increased combine efficiency – increased speed of travel Lower harvest cost 3.5L/ha fuel saved General Dries out green material lowers harvest moisture (1-2%) Uneven or weedy crops Benefit Timing
  • 13. Benefits pre-planting/pre-emergence Typical benefit 20% increase in yield Bare soil prior to planting reduces pest and disease infection Pre-planting Controls weeds and volunteer crops Stale seed beds Mode of action reduces herbicide resistance pressures Pre-planting and pre-harvest Benefit Timing
  • 14. Value of key benefits of glyphosate 310 Reduce grass weeds, such as Alopecurus myosuroides , volunteers and perennial weeds Pre-planting of winter wheat 108 Desiccant and harvest aid, reduced drying and earlier harvest Pre-harvest in oilseed rape 56 Elytrigia repens control to prevent yield loss across a rotation, reduction in drying costs Pre-harvest in winter wheat Value (£/ha treated) Key benefits Use
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  • 16. Wheat and oilseed rape: major UK crops Source: Defra Statistics 2008, UK
  • 17. Area treated with glyphosate in UK 2008 Source: Pesticides Usage Survey, 2008 1.20 1.39 1.25 1.17 1.14 1.18 1.16 No of applications 41 51 73,000 Beans 87 45 19,000 Peas 96 70 529,000 OSR 94 19 23,000 Oats 83 26 175,000 Spring barley 77 25 120,000 Winter barley 78 27 651,000 Wheat % Pre-harvest % crop treated Area treated (spray ha) Crop
  • 18. % area treated, by crop, with glyphosate Sources: Pesticide Usage Survey 2008 (PUS), Agronomist/Farmer meetings in West & East of England
  • 19. % area treated, by crop, with glyphosate Sources: Pesticide Usage Survey 2008 (PUS), Agronomist/Farmer meetings in West & East of England
  • 22. Estimated % loss of production to UK, by crop, without glyphosate
  • 23. Estimated loss £m to UK, all crops, without glyphosate
  • 24. Estimated losses £m, by crop, without glyphosate Sources: Pesticide Usage Survey 2008 (PUS), Agronomist/Farmer meetings in West & East of England
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  • 32. Agro-economic analysis of the use of glyphosate in UK agriculture James Clarke [email_address] Sarah Wynn & Sarah Cook Roundup Ready® Maize Symposium The European Perspective 23-24 March 2010, Brussels

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Glyphosate is the largest agrochemical product worldwide and 7 times bigger than the #2 herbicide Acetochlor