Andy Razaf was an African American composer, poet, and lyricist born in 1895 in Washington D.C. He was raised in Harlem after his father died and his mother was forced to move to America due to the French invasion of Madagascar. Razaf dropped out of school at age 16 and began working with famous musicians like Fats Waller and Benny Goodman writing songs. He was recognized for his contributions to music and lyrics in the Songwriters Hall of Fame. Razaf used his work to reflect on the social and racial issues he observed while living in Harlem, providing an African American perspective on the realities of racism in America.