2.  Democratized access to information
 Most people were not able to put content
on the web
 Websites were largely one-way
communication vehicles
 People still primarily got online information
from major companies
 Some “social software”
› Forums and mailing lists

3. Web 2.0 refers to the latest generation of
services available on the world wide web
that lets people collaborate and share
Information online.
“The Social Web”

4.  The concept of "Web 2.0" began with a
conference brainstorming session
between Tim O'Reilly and MediaLive
International in 2004
 The phrase "Web 2.0" hints at an improved
form of the World Wide Web
 Emphasizing tools and platforms that
enable the user to Tag, Blog, Comment,
Modify, Augment, Rank, etc.
 The more explicit synonym of
“Participatory Web"

6. “There are no products, only solutions”
 Not what customer wants but why they
want
 A problem solving approach
 Simple Solutions

7.  Customization
 Focus on the “Long Tail”
 Harnessing collective intelligence
 Specialized database
 Web as a platform
 Who owns the data ?
 End of the software release cycle
 Software above the level of a single
device

8.  Every individual is unique
 Some people want to be different
 Allow him to choose instead of forcing him
to use what you have made
 Make him feel home
e.g.
› My yahoo, Google Homepage, Myspace
› Firefox extensions

9.  Reach out to the entire web
 To the edges and not just to the centre,
to the long tail and not just the head
 Leverage customer-self service
e.g. Google, StumbleUpon

10. Network effects from user contribution are
the key to market dominance in Web 2.0
era
The Wisdom of crowds – Users add value
› Amazon, ebay - User reviews, similar items, most
popular,
› Wikipedia – content can be added/edited by any
web user,
› Flickr – tagging images

11.  Every significant application to date has
been backed by a specialized database
› E.g. Amazon, Google, Ebay
 Database management is the core
competency of Web 2.0 companies
 “infoware” rather than merely “software”

12.  Control over data has led to market
control and oversized financial returns
 It will provide a sustainable competitive
advantage to the company
 Especially is data sources are expensive
to create or amenable to increasing
returns via network effects
 Race is to own certain classes of core
data e.g. naukri.com, 99acre, yahoo

13.  “Release Early and Release Often”
 “Perpetual BETA”
 Daily operations must become a core
competency
 Software will cease to perform unless it is
maintained on a daily basis

14.  The PC is no longer the only access device
for internet applications
 Applications that are limited to a single
device are less valuable than those that are
connected.
 Design your application from the get-go to
integrate services across handheld devices,
PCs, and internet servers.

15.  Characteristics: work sharing, collaborative editing,
rich formatting, document storage & sharing, access
from anywhere; communities of members
contributing to a collective effort or project.
› - emulating the desktop experience
 Word processors / spreadsheets - Google Docs &
Spreadsheets, Zoho Writer, Writeboard
 Online presentations - Zoho Show, Spresent
 Drawing and sharing diagrams on the web – Gliffy
 Wikis - software – wetpaint, mediawiki, pbwiki
 Project Management – Basecamp, , ZohoProjects
 Online Storage - box.net, xdrive, ibackup, esnips, ,
omnidrive

17.  Weblogs
 Podcasts
 RSS feeds
 Instant messaging (IM)
 Wikis
 Social networking sites – MySpace, Facebook, Bebo, Ning
 Photo sharing – Flickr, BubbleShare
 Video sharing – YouTube, Google Video, blip
 Social bookmarking tools - del. Icio.us, furl, digg,
slashdot, reddit, fark
 Social mapping – wayfaring, Google Maps
 Web-based work sharing tools
 Mashups

18.  Fark is a community website allowing users to comment on a daily batch of
news articles and other items from various websites.
 Digg is a community-based popularity website with an emphasis on
technology and science articles. It combines social bookmarking , blogging,
and syndication with a form of non-hierarchical, democratic editorial control.
 Slashdot is a technology-related news website which features user-submitted
and editor-evaluated current affairs news.
 reddit is a community web site where users can post links to content on the
web. Other users may then vote the posted links up or down, causing them to
appear more or less prominently on the reddit home page.
 Furl (from File Uniform Resource Locators) is a social bookmarking
website that allows members to store searchable copies of webpages
and share them with others.
 Technorati is an Internet search engine for searching blogs.

19.  Web architecture
› Web as platform
› API
› Mashups
› AJAX

21.  API = Application Programming Interface
 Exposes a set of functions that make up
the application and can be used in the
creation of other applications
 Allows a developer to access the
functions of another application in their
own application so that they don‟t need
to build the functionality from the
scratch
 Example : Amazon, Google, eBay

22.  Involves combining (or mashing up) two
separate applications, or an application
or data, to create an entirely new one
 Usually done using APIs, but sometimes
screenscraping must be done
 Screenscraping : taking data directly
from a website

24.  AJAX - Asynchronous JavaScript and
XML
› Allows pages to interact with the server
without having to refresh
› Makes web applications as responsive as
desktop applications

25.  Recruitment
Due to the cutting-edge underlying technologies and
usability-focused interfaces (the „cool‟ factor),
organizations adopting Web 2.0 tend to attract
sophisticated, high-caliber technical candidates.
 Reduced cost
Not only are Web 2.0 offerings low-cost, but the same
techniques can also be applied to existing (non-Web 2.0)
products and services, lowering costs.
For example, wikis can enable your users to build
documentation and knowledge base systems, with
relatively little investment from yourself.

26.  Loyalty
The open, participatory Web 2.0 environment
encourages user contribution, enhancing customer
loyalty and lifespan.
 Marketing/PR
By taking advantage of the aforementioned benefits,
marketing and PR teams can implement low-cost, wide-
coverage, viral strategies.
 Search Engine Optimisation (SEO)
Web 2.0 delivery mechanisms - such as Blogs and RSS -
significantly enhance search engine exposure through
their distributed nature

27.  So much content…few efficient ways to
search it
 The crowd isn‟t always right
 Trusting companies with your content
 Who owns your content ?
 Privacy issues
 Copyright issues

28.  Michael Casey of the blog Library
Crunch coined the term in Fall 2005
 Popularized by popular bloggers and
speakers in Librarianship

29.  1. The library is every where
› Available at the point of need
› Go where our users are
 2. The library has no barriers
› No barriers between users and information
 3. The library invites participation
› Blogs, wikis, tagging and commenting in the
catalog, etc
 4. The library uses flexible, best of breed
systems
› ILS made of small pieces loosely joined. Modular
interoperable web services

31.  An online journal in which articles are
posted in chronological order and in
which users are able to participate by
posting comments
 Libraries use blogs to promote their
services, advertise events and post book
reviews. Other libraries use it as their new
homepage. Still others use it for special
subject areas.

34.  RSS is format for syndicating content on the
Web
 Based on XML
 Enables you to view content from different
sites on a single page
 Many websites have RSS feeds these days if
they have information that is updated
regularly (Examples :Times of India, CNN)
 You can view RSS-enabled content on
another website, in an aggregator or
another website

35.  Libraries use RSS technology to share
library news and content as well as
gather and redistribute related
information from other web sources.

37.  A wiki is a collaborative online space in
which users can work together on a
shared space. The largest wiki to date is
Wikipedia.
 Libraries use the technology to provide
users with subject focused resource
collections, and to offer community tools
for participation and collaboration

41.  Unlike social networking sites that focus on
relationships, social bookmarking such as
del.icio.us allow users to bookmark websites,
articles, blogs, images, etc for future retrieval
 Libraries use social bookmarking to provide
readers with subject guides and reader
advisory sources
 Social bookmarking and tagging tools allow
libraries bridge the gap between the library‟s
need to offer authoritative, well organized
information and their patron‟s web experience.

42.  Social cataloguing websites allow users
to create personal catalogs of their
books, CDs and other collections and
share them
 LibraryThing is the largest of these social
catalog websites. It has a collection of
17 million books. Other sites include
Shelfari and Listal
 Libraries use social cataloging as a
collection development tool and
integrating LibraryThing in their catalog

44.  A series of audio recordings that can be
subscribed to via RSS feed. Podcasts are
being used for language learning,
interviews, tours, debates, etc
 Libraries are using podcasting to
communicate with and disseminate
information to their patrons and also to
market their services

45.  A mashup is a hybrid web application that
combines data and functionality from
different sources to form something new. A
majority of mashups center around maps
and videos
 Library uses mashups to display new
acquisitions by combining searches of
book reviews with the library catalog

46.  Library mobile services refer to library
services provided to patrons within
“mobile” environments or using mobile
devices such as cell phone, iphone, PDAs
 The aim of mobile library services is to
bridge the digital divide by providing
services to the “born digital generation”
who commonly use mobile phones and
other mobile devices

47.  Definition : The World Wide Web accessed
through mobile device such as cellular
phones and ipod touch
 Mobile phones that have web capabilities
can access the internet from anywhere that
the phone can get a signal. The cell phone
is the desk top of laptop counterpart.

49.  Libraries should
› Establish text alert services
› Offer text reference services
› Develop an OPAC interface for phones
› Design a website that is configurable for small
screens
› Allow limited, silent-mode phone service
› Develop audio tours
› Look for technology that will make e-journal
access possible

50.  Library websites and MOPACs (Mobile
OPACs): Many libraries are offering mobile
version of their websites for their patrons to
access from their cell phones. Some mobile
library sites are :
› Ball State University Library‟s mobile site
› http://www.bsu.edu/libraries/mobile/
› Boston University Medical Center Mobile Library
› http://www.medlib.bu.edu/mobile/
› Nashville Public Library
› http://m.library.nashville.org/#_home

53.  Libraries must use technology to reach and
engage users. They have to address the
information seeking habits of the Net
Generation
 Libraries have to learn how to integrate the
physical spaces with virtual spaces and
services
 Libraries have to make their websites
friendly to the computer or the mobile
devices or handhelds