5. The Business Model For Unconventional Exploitation
• Exploitation of Shales Often Requires New Techniques
• Horizontal drilling and fracturing
• Real time optimization of drilling
• Economic Viability Can Change Quickly
• Pay zones, though numerous, can be small
• Gas markets subject to the whims of local market
• Economic modeling throughout the life of the field
• Engineering Is More Integrated With The Interpretation
Process
• Field evaluation no longer “where is it” but “how do we get it out”
• Engineering collected info now flowing back to the geoscience teams
6. Requirements For Success
• Detailed Fracture Evaluation
• Attribute Analysis
• AVO Analysis
• Microseismic Analysis
• Clear Understanding Of Economic Viability
• Volumetric analysis of hydrocarbons in place
• Decline rate calculations
• Economic modeling
• Tight Asset Team Collaboration
• Geologists, Geophysicists, & Engineers
7. Detailed Fracture Evaluation
• Running Attributes
• Curvature attributes in particular have
been used with success
• May be co-blended with other attributes
• Conducting AVO Analysis
• Azimuthal pre-stack gathers can aid in
the determination of fracture trends
• Interpretation of AVO and NMO velocity
variations can help identify anisotropy
and fracture trends
• Evaluating Microseismic Data
• Useful in determining the
orientation, density (volume) and extent
of fractures induced by the frac job
8. Determining Economic Viability
• Volumetrics
• Estimated hydrocarbons in place
• Uncertainty and sensitivity using Monte
Carlo analysis
• Decline Curve Analysis
• Production history
• Production forecasts
• Production modeling
• Economic Modeling
• Scenario analysis
• Cash flow, NPV, ROR of modeled
scenarios
9. Improving Asset Team Collaboration
• Enhanced Reservoir Knowledge
• Understanding of natural fracture trends and patterns
• Enabled by integrated desktop tools for each discipline
• Induced Fracture Analysis and Interpretation
• Hundreds of wells per year – drill and treat
• Frac job results analysis – rapid turnaround
• Real- and near-time data impacts well treatment efforts and planning
• Effective Field Development
• Integrated analysis of geological, geophysical, and engineering data
• Volumetrics, production analysis, and economic modeling using all
available data
• All disciplines working together optimizes field development