The document provides an overview of distance learning, including its history, technologies used for delivery, types of distance education courses, top distance learning universities in India, and pros and cons. It discusses how distance learning began in the 1700s as correspondence education and expanded with new technologies. Key delivery methods include synchronous technologies like videoconferencing and asynchronous technologies like email. The best distance learning is suitable for self-motivated students who can learn independently.

1. Distance learning
CONTENTS:-
 Introduction
 History
 Technology used in delivery
 Types of distance education courses
 Best distance learning universities in India
 Pros and cons

2. DISTANCE LEARNING :- IT IS THE FIELD OF EDUCATION
THAT FOCUSES ON TECHNOLOGY AND INSTRUCTIONAL
SYSTEM DESIGNS THAT AIM TO DELIVER EDUCATION TO
STUDENTS WHO ARE NOT PHYSICALLY “ON SITE”

3. History of distance education
It started in 1700s in the form of co
rrespondence edu cation. but technology-based
distance education might be best linked to the
introduction of audiovisual devices into the
schools in the early 1900s.
Instructional media were introduced into many
extension programs by 1920 in the form of slides
and motion pictures just as they were in the
classroom.

4.  By the year 2000, more than 80 percent of off-campus and 10 to 20
percent of on-campus instruction would take place through
telecommunications (Carnegie Commission, 1972).

5. TECHNOLOGY USED IN DELIVERY
• Synchronous technology
• Asynchronous technology

6. SYNCHRONOUS TECHNOLOGIES
 Web-based VoIP
 Telephone
 Videoconferencing
 Web conferencing
 Direct-broadcast satellite
 Internet radio
 Live streaming

7. SYNCHRONOUS TECHNOLOGY
 Web based VoIP:-Web-based VoIP is based on the
concept of click to talk, which is a form of Web-based
communication in which a person clicks an object (i.e.
button, image, or text) to request an immediate
connection with another person in real-time either by
phone call, Voice-over-Internet-Protocol (VoIP), or text.
Click to talk requests are most commonly made
through websites but can also be initiated by
hyperlinks placed in email, blogs, flash animations, or
video, and other Internet-based object or user
interface…..

8.  Internet radio (also known as web radio, net radio,
streaming radio and e-radio) is an audio service
transmitted via the Internet. Music streaming on the
Internet is usually referred to as webcasting since it is
not much like traditional broadcast media; in this
respect, it is distinct from on-demand file serving.
Internet radio services are usually accessible from
anywhere in the world—for example, one could listen to
an Australian station from Europe or America.

9. Telephone

10. A video conference (also known as a
video tele conference) is a set of
interactive tele communication
technologies which allow two or more
locations to interact via two-way video and
audio transmissions simultaneously.

11. Web conferencing is used to conduct
live meetings, training, or presentations
via the Internet. In a web conference,
each participant sits at his or her own
computer and is connected to other
participants via the internet.

12. Direct broadcast satellite:- (DBS) is a term
used to refer to satellite television broadcasts
intended for home reception.
A designation broader than DBS would be
direct-to-home signals, or DTH.

13. Asynchronous technologies
Audiocassette
E-mail
Message board forums
Print materials
Voice Mail/fax
Videocassette/DVD

14. A TDK D-60 cassette
, a common speech-quality tape with
a 60-minute playing time, in a
housing similar to that of the original
Compact Cassette specification.

15. Electronic mail:- most commonly abbreviated
email or e-mail, is a method of exchanging digital
messages. E-mail systems are based on a store-
and-forward model in which e-mail server computer
systems accept, forward, deliver and store
messages on behalf of users, who only need to
connect to the e-mail infrastructure, typically an e-
mail server…

16. An Internet forum, or message board, is an
online discussion site.

17. Streaming media are multimedia that are
constantly received by, and normally presented to,
an end-user while being delivered by a streaming
provider (the term "presented" is used in this article
in a general sense that includes audio or video
playback). The name refers to the delivery method of
the medium rather than to the medium itself.

18. Videotape is a means of recording images
and sound onto magnetic tape as opposed to
movie film or random access digital media.
Videotapes are also used for storing scientific or
medical data, such as the data produced by an
electrocardiogram.

19. Voicemail (or voice mail, voice-mail, vmail or
VMS, sometimes called messagebank) is a
centralized system of managing telephone
messages for a large group of people. The term is
also used more broadly, to denote any system of
conveying voice message, including the
answering machine.

20. Voice-centered technology such as CD or
MP3 recordings or Webcasts
Video technology, such as instructional
videos, DVDs, and interactive
videoconferencing
Computer-centered technology delivered over
the Internet or corporate intranet

21. TYPES OF DISTANCE EDUCATION COURSES
 Correspondence conducted through regular mail
 Internet conducted either synchronously or asynchronously
 Telecourse/Broadcast, in which content is delivered via radio or
television
 CD-ROM, in which the student interacts with computer content stored
on a CD-ROM
 PocketPC/Mobile Learning where the student accesses course content
stored on a mobile device or through a wireless server
 Integrated distance learning, the integration of live, in-group instruction
or interaction with a distance learning curriculum

22. BEST DISTANCE LEARNING UNIVERSTIES IN INDIA
 1. Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU)
 2. Annamalai University- Popular courses at Distance
Learning Courses at Annamalai University are M.B.A
courses, M.Phil courses, Hotel Management Studies,
Fashion Design Studies, I.T Programmes, Health
Science Programmes. All the programmes of study
offered by the Directorate of Distance Education have
the approval of the Distance Education Council, New
Delhi.

23. 3.Osmania University- Ever since the Osmania
University established the Centre for Distance
Education, the Centre has witnessed
phenomenal growth and emerged as a
pioneering institution in the field of Distance
Education, with potential for excellence.
Candidates from all over India will be admitted
without age and area restriction and without any
entrance test [Except for MBA & MCA ]provided
they fulfill the requisite conditions of eligibility to
various courses.

24. 4.Sikkim Manipal University- The courses
include Master degree programs, Bachelor
degree programs, Diploma and Post
Graduate diploma programs, both in
Information Technology and Management
category.
5. NALANDA OPEN UNIVERSITY(NOU)- The
Nalanda Open University is the only University in
the State of Bihar meant for imparting learning
exclusively through the system of distance
education.
•Nalanda Open University Biscomaun Bhawan,
Gandhi Maidan, Patna-800001, Bihar, India

25. 6. Symbiosis Centre for Distance
Learning(SCDL) Pune – Symbiosis Centre for
Distance Learning(SCDL) is a centre of
excellence offering quality Distance Education.
7. Karnataka Open University – Total
Enrollment in the year 2000 were 27231;
Enrollments in 2004 are over 30,000
students

26. 8. University of Madras Institute of
Distance Education (University of Madras
IDE), Chennai, Tamil Nadu
9. Mahatma Gandhi University – School of
Distance Education, Kottayam, Kerala

27. 10. ICFAI University – A number of
educational programs are offered in
management, finance, banking, insurance,
accounting, law, information technology, arts,
commerce, education and science and
technology at Bachelor’s and Master’s levels
on full-time campus and flexible learning
formats.

28. PROS AND CONS
 Pros:-
 Expanding access: Distance education can reach underserved
populations of students who cannot attend a school that offers the
educational services they desire, perhaps because they live too far
away.
 Cost reduction: Distance education can turn production of content into
a repeatable and durable learning tool that does not require as much
infrastructure. As most material can be packaged in an easy to deliver
"just-in-time" format, the expanding payroll of educational institutions
becomes unnecessary.
 Emerging market opportunities: Distance education fuels the public's
need for lifelong learning in education by providing access to learners
not in the traditional k-12 age group.
 Adapting to new technology and environments: Educational
institutions may adopt distance education as a means to adapt to the
rapid changes in technology being used in education today.

29. Distance Learning Cons:
Here are some factors that could negatively
affect your success with distance learning
courses:-
No Instructor Face Time:
If your learning style is one where you like
personalized attention from your teachers, then
online education will probably not work for you.

30. Perceptions/Reputation -- while slowly
changing as more and more mainstream
colleges and universities embrace distance
learning, there still is a stigma attached to
distance education.
Making Time -- if you are a
procrastinator or one of those people who
always needs an extra push to complete
work, you may have a hard time making
time for your online classes

31. Little Support -- students are expected to find
their own resources for completing
assignments and exams, which is empowering
for some, but daunting for others.
No Campus Atmosphere -- part of the
traditional college experience, of course, is the
beauty of the campus, the college spirit -- but
you have none of that with distance-education
courses.

32. Requires New Skills/Technologies -- if
you’re not computer-savvy or are afraid
of change or new technologies, then
online education will probably not work
for you.
No Social Interaction -- while you often
interact with classmates via email, chat
rooms, or discussion groups, there are
no parties or offline get-togethers.

33. WHAT KIND OF STUDENTS BENEFIT FROM
THIS KIND OF LEARNING?
 This approach to learning works best for highly
motivated students who already take responsibility
for their learning, and don't need reminders from
teachers or classmates. If you are a take-charge
person, who likes getting things done on your own,
you will do very well in distance learning.

34. HOW CAN I KNOW DISTANCE LEARNING IS
RIGHT FOR ME?
 Ask yourself a few questions:
 Are you comfortable learning in a less social
situation? You need to be able to learn effectively
outside of a traditional classroom setting.

35.  Are you comfortable learning in a less
social situation? You need to be able to
learn effectively outside of a traditional
classroom setting.

36. Are you self-disciplined? If you need
some external motivator like showing up
for class each day, then Online
Learning may not be for you.

37. ·
Are you really focused on your learning
goals? Do you have compelling reasons to
stay on track and not to neglect your
coursework?

38. Do you have time? Do you have enough
time to devote to the coursework?