1. Towards 5G
LTE World Summit 2013
June 24th – 26th 2013, Amsterdam
Dr Shahram G Niri
General Manager, 5GIC (5G Innovation Centre)
CCSR, University of Surrey

2. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this presentation are those of
the authors / presenters and do not necessarily reflect the official position of
the University of Surrey , the CCSR/5GIC.

3. Introduction to CCSR
The Centre for Communication Systems Research (CCSR)
 Established 15 years ago and is now a leading,
international communications research centre based at
the University of Surrey.
 Europe’s largest academic research group in mobile
communications technology:
 over 160 research active personnel consisting of 100
PhDs, 45 Post docs, 13 Academics, more than 70 MSc
students
 research income to date of over £100m
 8th best university in the UK (Guardian league table
2014) & Electronic & Electrical Engineering at 2nd
 Over £100M in research income
 Over 200 PhDs awarded
 More than 50 international industrial partnerships from US,
Europe, UK, Japan, South Korea and China
 Key membership of EU projects
3

4. Broadband/Mobile Broadband
the 4th Utility
Blurring boundaries and convergence of telecommunication,
information, broadcasting, media and publishing technologies
Services grow in multiplicity, diversity and richness of content
More powerful and enabled devices - Changes on the shape, size,
capability and price
Hyper Connectivity- mobile Internet with extreme mobility,
ubiquity, personalization, adaptation, video addiction and
surprising applications as yet unimagined
Ubiquitous ultra broadband high quality and affordable
communications essential to the functioning of modern life &
society
MBB Communication & Service Outlook
+
Telecommunication at the heart of several industries
Transport, Utility, Education, Health & Commerce
4

5. High capacity pipes with intelligent plumbing that could incorporate
sophisticated resource control capability
Page 5
Growing Population
Hyper Connectivity
Limited Resources
Hundred-fold increase in network flow brought by mass terminals
and mass digital content and hyper connectivity -> thousand-fold
increase in traffic flow on mobile networks
Mobile data traffic is doubling every year BUT capacity doubles
every 10 years
Spectrum the blood line of mobile communication, finite resource,
scarce & expensive
New network topologies, frequency reuse and deployment strategy
key to keep up with exponential increase of traffic with limited
spectrum availability
Communication network to improve in intelligence, flexibility,
automation, resilience, efficiency, speed, security, privacy, latency
YET lower delivery cost per bit/per sub/per km2
5
MBB Service Outlook – cont.

6. 1980’S 1990’s 2000’s 2010’s 2020’s
1G
Voice
Digital
Data/PS
Full IP
Analogue
4G (LTE)
2010
Architecture
Efficiency
300 Mb/s
5G
2020 (?)
Spectral efficiency
Environment Friendly
Capacity
Cost effectiveness
Intelligence
Rel 99
W-CDMA
Rel 8
LTE
2G (GSM)
1990
Mobility
Roaming
9.6 Kb/s
2.5G
GPRS
100
Kb/s
3.5G
HSPA
42 Mb/s
LTE-A
1 Gb/s
3G (UMTS)
2003
Multi-media
2 Mb/s
Efficiency
Data rate increase
X10 X200 X4200 X30000 X100000 (?)
Rel x
Technology & Standards Evolution Towards 5G
Cellular standards are quick
to arrive and slow to leave
8 to 10 years between major
new standards
Average of 20 years from std
intro to peak volume
4G ramp begins around 2011
“LTE now fastest growing
mobile tech ever in rollout
terms” - GSA
Next generation global standard around 2020
6

7. Spectral
Efficiency
Spectrum
Base Station
Density
Advanced
Technologies
X
X
Higher
Capacity
Green
Technology
Dynamic and adaptive spectrum allocation
Small and smart cell technologies
Mixed cell technologies
Intelligent and adaptive networks
Self managed and automated networks
SW Defined Radio (SDR) & Networks (SDN)
Communication delivered through SW on generic HW
Energy efficiency
Lower power consumption
Smarter use of energy
Cost efficiency for a more sustainable telecom (lower
cost per bit /Hz/km2)
High Level Challenges For 5G
Efficient use of radio spectrum,
energy efficiency & cost efficiency
7
Cost
Efficiency

8.  What are the upper limits on the
current standards / technologies?
 What are the targets?
Enhancement to the
current STD
New technologies /
STD
5G Main Requirements
Area spectral efficiency
Peak data rate
Latency
Energy
Cost per Bit
Scalability
0
2
4
6
8
10
Area
spectral
efficiency
Peak data
rate
Latency
Scalability
Energy
Cost per Bit
Tech 3G HSPA+ LTE LTE-A 5G
Bandwidth
MHz
5 5 20 100 100+
SE
b/Hz/cell
0.5 2 4 ~8 10+
Peak Rate
Mb/s
2 42 &
11
326 &
86
1000 &
375
10000+
&
5000+
Latency
ms
50 20 10 10 0.1-1
ASE
Gb/s/km2
50
New Air
Interface
Higher capacity, better quality, easier operation, lower cost
8

9. The LTE air interface designed for wide area deployment
 High UL and DL transmit power difference
 Different modulation scheme for UL and DL
 Physical channel structure differ significantly between UL & DL
Shorter round trip delay for the future system
 RTT an order of 0.1-1 ms
 In line with higher data rate, fast signalling and feedbacks
 User plan latency: Frame structure, control signal timing, HARQ
 FDD best suited for mainly symmetric traffic (voice), while TDD best suited
for bursty, asymmetric traffic (Internet) AND
 less complex and less costly (Reuse of sources , no need for duplexer)
 more flexible than FDD (dynamic reconfiguration of bandwidth)
 better for massive MIMO (easier and more robust channel estimation)
 The FDD offers better range (concentrated power per MHz) – BUT FDD
HW more lossy , FDD and TDD similar throughput , similar energy efficacy
The Need For A New Air Interface
A new air interface designed for small cells, suitable for asymmetric
service and current challenging spectrum situation
9
Relay & D2D
Femto
Small cell
Macro
FDD TDD
TDD challenges: Interference management & Synchronisation
Source - NSN

10. LTE A
Mar 10
Relx
? 5G
3G/ HSPA+
LTE B
Rel12
?
4G / LTE
Dec 08
Jun/Sep
14
Jun 13
R99
2000
16/17
10
New Air Interface (Small Cells)
•New waveform
•New duplexing
• Light MAC
•Higher order modulation
•Interference cancelation / utilization
•Massive MIMO
Radio Frequency
•Millimeter wave
• New licensing regime
•Licensed & unlicensed band operation
•Spectrum sharing
•Indoor-Outdoor operation
Intelligent & Adaptive
Networks
•Opportunistic & adaptive use of
resources
•Spectrum sensing
•Cognitive radio and network
•Self managed and automated
networks
•Automation (plug & play)
New NW Architecture
• Het-Net resource allocation &
management
SW Defined Radio (SDR)
SW Defined Networks (SDN)
• Physical separation between data &
control planes
5G
5G Characteristics
New Air interface will be a key enabler for 5G

11.  Modest increase in number of devices and usage
 Population density:
 Case F: UK mean
 Case D: UK Peak
 Case C: Office
 Case A: Inner London business
 Traffic growth: ~70% CAGR
 In 2020 depending on the environment
 Traffic per km2 (1.5 to 60 Gb/s/km2)
UK needs at least ~ 15 - 20 x capacity (2013-2020)
UK Traffic Prediction - 2020
5G will need to be designed not for 2020 but for 2025-2030 capacity !
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Gb/s/km2
Traffic growth for cases A-F
Traffic - Case A
Traffic - Case C
Traffic - Case D
Traffic - Case F
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Gb/s/km2
Traffic growth for cases A-F (with WiFi off-load)
Traffic - Case A
Traffic - Case C
Traffic - Case D
Traffic - Case F
11

12. Field Trials
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Commercial
Development & Testing
5G Research
5G Standard & Development Roadmap – Prediction!
 3G: Started in 1989, standards in 1999, commercial system in 2001-2003
 4G: Started in 2000, standards in 2008, commercial in 2010-2011
5G: Already started, standards in ~2017, commercial in 2020
Standardisation
Industry
Rel. 12
WRC 15
5G
Ever increasing demand for capacity in conjunction with the limited spectrum
availability will derive and speed up the 5G standardisation activities
12

13. 5GIC (5G Innovation Centre)
A specialised 5G Innovation Centre: 5GIC(2)
Founding members (1)
(1) Membership open to telecommunication service provides, manufactures, test equipment vendors, application &
content providers, academia and research centers and other relevant organizations
(2) Photo for illustration purpose only
Current Funding £35 m
£24m support from industry partners,
£11.6m from HEFCE
The center will provide research and business engagement
opportunities for SMEs and multinational companies
Opportunity to drive national economic growth in new
generation telecommunications technologies
A successful funding bid, made by the the Centre for
Communication Systems Research (CCSR) and the
University of Surrey to the UK Research Partnership
Investment Fund (UKRPIF) supported by an additional
contributions from a consortium including key
Telecoms operators and manufacturer, Solution
providers (the Founding Members).
13
A consortium of enthusiastic and
forwarding-thinking mobile operators
and infrastructure providers

14. Thank You