Building Technology 1 (Project 1)

SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN
Centre for Modern Architecture Studies in Southeast Asia (MASSA)
Bachelor of Science (Honours) (Architecture)
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY 1 [ARC3514 / ARC3512]
PROJECT 1: ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION SOLUTION AND
DOCUMENTATION
NAME: SOH YOU SHING
STUDENT ID: 0308010
TUTOR: AR CHERYL NGIAM

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..3-9
2.0 DESIGN MODIFICATION
2.1 FLOOR SYSTEM
2.1.1 CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM .…………………………………………………………………………………………………………10
2.1.2 PRECEDENT STUDY ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….11
2.1.3 MATERIALS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..12
2.1.4 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES ………………………………………………………………………………………………13-14
2.1.5 WORKING DRAWINGS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..15
2.2 WALL SYSTEM
2.2.1 CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..16
2.2.2 PRECEDENT STUDY ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………........17
2.2.3 MATERIALS …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...18-19
2.2.4 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES ................................................................................................................................20-21
2.2.5 WORKING DRAWINGS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...22
2.3 ROOF SYSTEM
2.3.1 CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………...23
2.3.2 PRECEDENT STUDY …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..24
2.3.3 MATERIALS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..25
2.3.4 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES ………………………………………………………………………………………………..26-27
2.3.5 WORKING DRAWINGS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….........28
2.4 BASEMENT
2.4.1 CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM …………………………………………………………………………………………………………...30
2.4.2 MATERIALS ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...31
2.4.3 ADVATANGES & DISADVANTAGES ………………………………………………………………………………………...………..32
2.4.4 WORKING DRAWINGS ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………...33
3.0 APPENDIX …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..34-45
4.0 REFERENCES …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……46
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The site of this project is located at Belum Rainforest Resort, Pulau Banding, Perak. It is a Nature Appreciation Centre (NAC) for the site
itself. Nature Appreciation Centre is a centre that educates our societies and future generations to appreciate the natural world, but most
importantly is to give a direct experience of natural world. The occupants of this building is more on local visitors and tourists.
This project requires students to utilize a portion of their own design project in previous semester. Then each student should propose the
alternative to the existing construction systems to include different, more complex and recent building technologies. Finally, a complete
documentation including a report and a set of working drawings of the modified design shall be produced. Changes should be carried out on the
following building systems and components:
i. Floor system
ii. Wall system
iii. Roof system
iv. and to include a new basement level (shown only in sections)
The aim of this project:
i. To encourage analytical and critical study of the principles, practices and details of construction technology in the existing building.
ii. To encourage students to explore alternative construction systems
iii. To adapt and implement the alternative construction systems into the students’ design.
iv. To develop the students’ skills in producing working drawings.
Figure 1.1 to Figure 1.3 show the existing floor plan of the NAC. The highlighted area is the chosen area to carry out this project. The form
of the building is slightly changed from it’s previous form in this project but the spaces itself remain the same (Figure 1.4 to Figure 1.6).
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FIGURE 1.1 Existing Ground Floor Plan
1.0 INTRODUCTION
4

1.0 INTRODUCTION
5
FIGURE 1.2 Existing First Floor Plan

1.0 INTRODUCTION
6
FIGURE 1.3 Existing Roof Floor Plan

GROUND FLOOR PLAN
SCALE 1:100
1.0 INTRODUCTION
7
FIGURE 1.4 Proposed Ground Floor Plan

FIRST FLOOR PLAN
SCALE 1:100
1.0 INTRODUCTION
8
FIGURE 1.5 Proposed First Floor Plan

FIGURE 1.6 Proposed Roof Plan
ROOF PLAN
SCALE 1:100
1.0 INTRODUCTION
9

2.1 FLOOR SYSTEM
2.1.1 CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
Floor EXISTNG SYSTEM PROPOSED SYSTEM
Ground Floor Timber flooring system (Hardwood) Reinforced Concrete Floor Slab
First Floor Timber flooring system (Hardwood) Composite Steel Decking System
(a) TIMBER FLOORING SYSTEM (EXISTING)
Timber flooring is also known as wood or plank flooring where generally recycled or reclaimed
wooden boards are installed to make flooring (Figure 1.7). It is commonly known as planking as it
makes use of hard board wood planks. Planking is preferred over many other types of flooring due to
the aesthetic appeal it provides to the interiors. The colour and types of wood used rely on the demand
and budget of the customer.
(b) REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOOR SLAB (PROPOSED)
Reinforced concrete floor slab is a commonly system used in modern buildings nowadays. It is
usually 50 millimetres and 100 millimetres thick. Concrete slab can be prefabricated or in situ.
Prefabricated slab is built in a factory and transported to site whereas in situ slab is built on the building
site using formwork (Figure 1.8).
(c) COMPOSITE STEEL DECKING SYSTEM (PROPOSED)
For a composite steel decking system, the top surface remains flat while the underside is
modulated whereby the concrete is poured into a corrugated steel deck (Figure 1.9). This improves the
strength and prevents the slab bending under its own weight. The corrugations run across the short
dimension, from side to side.
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FIGURE 1.7 Timber Flooring System
FIGURE 1.8 Reinforced Concrete Floor Slab
FIGURE 1.9 Composite Steel Decking System

2.1.2 PRECEDENT STUDY
Newcastle Community Health Centre
A government plan to speed the delivery of community health facilities in the Newcastle region combined innovative construction methods
with innovative financing arrangements. Newcastle Community Health Centre can accommodate a number of services currently provided from
the Royal Newcastle Hospital and other facilities. (Bluescope and Lysaght, 2007)
“Abigroup calculated that they could achieve time and labour savings by switching to BONDEK”, Trevor Wilson, Project Manager,
Wideform Newcastle. 6.7 metres in length of the 1.0mm thickness of BONDEK makes an easy lift for the labours.
Lysaght Bondek is an original steel formwork system that revolutionised concrete construction. It is made of zinc-coated high tensile steel
which was developed by Bluescope Steel.
Location Newcastle, New South Wales
Country Australia
Builder Abigroup
Project Size 12,500 square metres of LYSAGHT
BONDEK®
Architect Suters Architects
Products Used LYSAGHT BONDEK®
Formwork Contractor Wideform Newcastle Pty Ltd
FIGURE 1.9 Section of Composite Steel Deck FIGURE 1.10 Isometric of Composite Steel Deck
11
FIGURE 1.8 Composite Steel Deck being applied in
Newcastle Community Health Centre

2.1.3 MATERIALS
COMPOSITE STEEL DECKING SYSTEM
MATERIALS MANUFACTURE
COMPANY
PROPERTIES SPECIFICATIONS
Composite Steel
Deck
LYSAGHT BONDEK® • A highly efficient, versatile and robust
formwork, reinforcement and ceiling system
for concrete slabs
• A profile steel sheeting widely accepted by
the building and construction industry to
offer efficiency and speed of construction
• Excellent spanning capacities for greater
strength and less deflection
• Acts as permanent formwork with minimal
propping and no stripping of formwork is
required
• Fast and easy to install (590mm wide) with
less handling required
• Thickness: 0.60mm
• Mass: 5.03 kg/m
• Yield Strength: 550 Mpa
• Coverage: 117.37 m2/t
Reinforced
Concrete Slab
Flood Precast • Fast installation
• Cast in lifting system – fully anchored cast-
in lifters are designed so that the units can
be lifted from the trailer into final position
without the need for cradles, chains or
bearing into position.
• Spans in two directions - ideal solution for
dealing with disproportionate collapse or
progressive collapse design
• Reduced beam depth – Flood Super
Wideslab® can be designed to work
compositely with steel and in-situ concrete
Flood Super Wideslab®
• Width: 2.4 metres
• Limitations of span/depth = 38 for
occupancy comfort
• Spans in excess of 7.5m will require a
single propline in place prior to erecting
slab.
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2.1.4 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
Timber Flooring System (Hardwood)
ADVANTANGES DISADVANTAGES
Good Durability
• One of the longest lasting of all flooring types.
With today’s flooring finishes, these floors are also
water resistant.
Costly
• The major disadvantages for timber flooring is that
it is very expensive
Better Acoustics
• A properly installed hardwood floor would not give
hollow sounds or vibrations.
Non resistant to Stains
• Not as hard as Granite or Marble so it’s prone for
scratches.
Low Maintenance
• Easy to clean and maintain on a daily basis.
Regular Maintenance
• Requires regular maintenance to prevent termite
attack if the building is located in an area which is
prone for termite attack.
Eco Friendly
• Timber is both renewable and recyclable.
• Timber floors have an environmental impact which
creates 5 times less carbon emissions than
ceramic tiles (source: CRC for Greenhouse
Accounting)
Takes time for Installation
• The time taken to construct the flooring is very
long
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Composite Steel Decking System
ADVANTANGES DISADVANTAGES
Lightweight Design
• The reduced self weight of composite elements
has a knock-on effect by reducing the forces in
those elements supporting them, including the
foundations
Crack
• The biggest problem is cracks.
• All composite will crack sooner or later.
Reduced Overall Construction Depth
• The floor depth reductions can be achieved using
composite construction
Brittle
• Composites are more brittle than wrought metals
and thus are more easily damaged
• Cast metals also tend to be brittle
Speed Construction
• The time taken for the installation is shorter
compare to timber flooring system
Repair introduces New Problems
• Materials require refrigerated transport and
storage and have limited shelf lives
Cost Savings (services)
• The floor depth reductions that can be achieved
using composite construction can also provide
significant benefits in terms of the costs
of services and building envelope
Might cause Overloading
• During placement of concrete, care should be
taken to avoid overloading the decking or
supporting structural members
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2.1.5 WORKING DRAWINGS
DIAGRAM 1.1 Detail Section of First Floor Slab to Wall System
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2.2 WALL SYSTEM
EXISITNG PROPOSED
Reinforced Concrete Wall with External Timber
Cladding
Brick wall with external vinyl siding and cement
plastering on interior
(a) EXTERNAL TIMBER CLADDING (EXISTING)
Timber cladding is one of the environmentally friendly methods that is used to clad buildings.
Boards or planks of wood are used to form the exterior of a building. Besides, It is also used to
protect the structure of a building. Softwoods and hardwoods are used as cladding materials.
Timber cladding can be installed vertically, horizontally or even diagonally. Figure 1.12 is an
example of vertical external timber cladding.
(b) EXTERNAL VINYL SIDING (PROPOSED)
Vinyl siding, which is also types of the wall cladding, is the exterior material applied to the
wall of a house or other building meant to shed water, protect the walls from the effects of
weather, and is a key in the aesthetics of the structure. It is made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC),
the same stuff that serves so ably in plumbing drain lines. Its popularity continues to grow
because of new product offerings and features such as wood-like textures, shingle- and shake-
style panels, more appealing trim components and deeper colours. (Provey, 2010)
Vinyl siding can be applied either vertically or horizontally, depends on the customer. It may
be attached directly to the building structure (studs in the case of wood construction), or to an
intermediate layer of wood (boards, planks, plywood, oriented strand board) called sheathing.
(American Builder, 1946)
16
FIGURE 1.12 Vertical External Timber Cladding
FIGURE 1.13 Horizontal External Vinyl Siding

The Great Green Giveaway Winning Home 2010
Location Charlotte, North Carolina
Country United States
Client Wray and Sarah Warner
Contractor Schumacher Homes
Project Size 20 acres of land
Products Used Ply Gem Vinyl Siding
Searching for the house they have dreamed of near
Charlotte, N.C., proved to be a challenge for Wray and Sarah
Warner. This couple could not find an existing space that would
ideally meet their unique needs and busy, professional lifestyles.
Therefore, they bought a 20 acres of land on which they
could build their own custom dream home. Then, the Warners
turned to Schumacher Homes -- a national leader in custom on-
your-lot homebuilding, to make their dream a reality. Shortly after
selecting their builder, the Warners were selected as the winner
of the “Great Green Giveaway,” a promotion Schumacher Homes
was running with Ply Gem, giving the couple the opportunity to
upgrade their custom home using The Designed Exterior™ by
Ply Gem.
The builder combined energy efficient, low-maintenance Ply
Gem products including insulated vinyl siding; polymer shakes
and shingles; stone veneer; and aluminum-clad wood windows.
The result is a two-story home that blends the timeless charm of
a center hall colonial with today’s modern amenities. Since
nearly all of the exterior products are low maintenance, the
house is ideal for this busy couple.
FIGURE 1.15 Section of Vinyl Cladding over Block/Concrete
FIGURE 1.16 Section of Vinyl Siding over a Cantilevered Floor
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FIGURE 1.14 The Warners
Couple
FIGURE 1.13 Exterior View

COMPANY
Vinyl Siding TYVEK® • Vinyl siding comes in a variety of shapes,
textures, and colours, creating a wide array of
looks for different houses. It is manufactured
primarily with durable polyvinyl chloride in
several different profiles, including single,
double, triple, vertical, and Dutch lap.
• Lap: to overlap the ends of two siding panels or
accessory pieces to allow for expansion and
contraction of the vinyl product.
• Nailing Strip: an additional framing member
installed to facilitate soffit installation.
• Sealant: any of a variety of compounds used to
fill or seal joints in wood, metal, masonry, vinyl,
and other materials.
• Dimension: 1/ 2” (W) x 1/28” (H)
• One should avoid using panels shorter than
24” (610mm)
• Allowance for expansion and contraction:
1/4” (6.4mm) gap between the siding and all
corner posts and channels.
2.2.3 MATERIALS
BRICK WALL WITH EXTERNAL VINYL SIDING AND CEMENT PALASTERING ON INTERIOR
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COMPANY
Brick wall Claybricks & Tiles
Sdn. Bhd.
• High compressive strength and thermal
capacity
• High durability and moisture resistance
• Good sound and fire insulation
• Running bond
• Dimension: 215(L) x 100(W) x 67(H) mm
• Weight: 2.30 kg/pc
• Compressive Strength: > 45 N/mm2
• Water Absorption: < 10%
Cement Plaster Weber • Can be applied over concrete, cement-sand
renders, base coat plaster & block wall.
• Suitable for use at thickness of between 1 -
2mm per layer of application (if surface
irregularities over a 3 m straightedge is less
than 2 mm)
• Surface to receive Finish Plaster Coat must be
dry, sound and free of contaminants
• The mixed plaster should be applied
immediately after mixing. No standing time is
required.
Belcem Fine Plaster
• Application Temperature : Above 5⁰C - 50⁰C
• Pot-Life (Working Time) : 1½ hours at 25⁰C
• Setting Time : Initial Set : 3 hours at 25 ⁰C
• Final Set : 24 hours on depending on
atmospheric condition
• Mix Ratio : 1 part water : 3 part of BELCEM
FINE PLASTER (3.4 ltr Water : 10 kg
Plaster)
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EXTERNAL TIMBER SIDING
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Lightweight
• A lightweight material offering protective and decorative
design functions
Non Fire-Resistance
• As it is a flammable material, it still carries a risk of
spreading fire even if timber cladding is painted or sealed
Quick Installation
• Dry installation means external envelope is quicker to
install
Exposure to Elements
• Timber is a natural material, and as such is subject to a
loss of quality or damage after being exposed to the
elements for a long time.
• Timber can warp, crack or fade over time
Good Thermal & Sound Insulation
• Outstanding thermal and sound insulation properties
Regular Maintenance
• Requires regular painting or staining to preserve its
natural beauty and protect it from the elements.
Eco Friendly
• Low carbon footprint which requires less energy to
produce than any other construction material
• Using wood stimulates the expansion of managed forests
to absorb more of this global warming gas
• Major potential for re-use or recycling at end of life
Staining
• Has a moisture content greater than 20%
• Aecetic acid is produced that will corrode mild steel and
galvanized steel fixings such as screws or nails, and can
lead to staining on the face of the cladding
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EXTERNAL VINYL SIDING (PROPOSED)
High Durability
• Able to withstand high winds and resist heat, cold and
moisture, retaining its original appearance and
performance capabilities over long periods of time
• Able to withstand wind velocities of more than 200 mph
these sidings have been well-tested even recently as they
survived
Moisture Issue
• Holds moisture under its sections if not installed properly
• Moisture leads to mildew and mold forming on the
siding's underside.
Good Sustainability
• It outperforms most other exterior cladding, including
brick, in almost all life cycle stages for environmental and
economic performance.
Toxic Issue
• When vinyl siding burns, a chemical is released, toxic
dioxin, which is a hazard to the environment.
Easy Installation
• Lightweight and one of the easiest exterior claddings to
install.
Colours
• Vinyl siding's colour range is not large.
• Only basic colours are available including shades of
blue, red, brown and white. Not all manufacturers
produce all colours
Easy to Maintain
• Does not need to be painted and only requires periodic
(annual) cleaning with mild soap and water
• Not susceptible to problems associated with rotting,
cracking or insect damage
Repairing Issue
• If repairing, one has to replace an entire section of the
siding. One has to remove other sections to access the
piece of vinyl siding one wants to repair.
• If the problem area is close to the roof surface, one must
remove the roof flashing to access the area one needs to
replace.
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DIAGRAM 1.2 Detail Section of Wall to Ground Floor Slab System
22

2.3 ROOF SYSTEM
EXISITNG PROPOSED
ETFE system Steel truss with concrete tiles
(a) ETFE SYSTEM (EXISTING)
ETFE (Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene) has been originally developed by DuPont
over 40 years ago as an inert coating material for the aerospace industry. ETFE is
being considered the material of choice for traditional skylight applications to long
span structures and building facades. Few building materials can match ETFE for its
impact or presence when you want a structure that stands out from the crowd.
Beijing National Aquatics Center is one of the good example that uses ETFE
system (Figure 1.18). The architect used ETFE to cover a total area of 100,000
square meters composing bubbles and 3000 give it a feature allowing an excellent
light throughout the facility but also by filtering ultraviolet rays.
(b) STEEL TRUSS SYSTEM (PROPOSED)
A steel truss is essentially a triangulated system of straight interconnected
structural elements. Steel trusses are used to carry the roof load and to provide
horizontal stability. It has become one of the most common roof truss system
nowadays (Figure 1.19). Next, trusses comprise assemblies of tension and
compression elements. There are many truss types, like mono, bowstring, studio
vault and more. Most roof trusses have webs that run at an angle between top and
bottom chords. One exception is the gable-end truss in which webs run vertically.
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FIGURE 1.17 Beijing National Aquatics Center
FIGURE 1.18 Steel Truss System

POLYTECHNIC KULIM
24
Location Kulim, Kedah
Country Malaysia
Client Polytechnic University
Products Used Bestweld steel roof truss
FIGURE 1.19 Detail Drawings of Steel Roof Truss applied in Polytechnic
Kulim
Since the over exhaustion demand on timber has caused the
timber roof truss construction to grow scarce, the architect of
Polytechnic Kulim thinks that steel truss is an excellent substitute
and as the steel truss is a galvanized based material. It has
demonstrated to be a very enduring protection.
All of Bestweld Steel System products are cold-formed from
either zinc/aluminium aloy or zinc coated steel to preserve the
quality of the trusses. Polytechnic Kulim chose Bestweld Steel
System Sdn Bhd as the company manufactures a full range of
steel roof truss systems which includes truss sections, roof batten
and its accessories that meets all international standards.
Polytechnic Kulim applied these reliable and high-quality roof
trusses.
Another reason steel truss was chosen is that steel is a
superior product for long term investment, with the added
advantages of being light, strong, non-combustible, termite proof
and will not shrink or wrap.

COMPANY
Steel truss Tong Yong Metal
Sdn. Bhd.
• Trusses are fully computer designed from
layout to final engineering; ensure maximum
safety, durability and cost-effectiveness.
• Coating elements: chromated surface, zinc
coating, cold rolled steel, chromated surface
The Light Gauge Steel Truss System
• Steel grade: JIS 3302 / SGC 570 / AS1397-
1997
• Yield Stress: 550 Mpa minimum / 400 Mpa
(thick > 1.2mm)
• Coating: Galvanized Iron / Zincalume
• Coating mass (g/m3): Z12-Z27 (120-257) /
AZ 150 (10)
Concrete Roof
Tiles
Lama Tile Works
Sdn. Bhd.
• Long lasting
• Glossy surface which is available in various
colours
• Reduce sound inside the house from aircraft,
trains and traffic
Lama Roman Concrete Interlocking Roof
Tiles with Triple Weather Checks
• Materials: Extruded Concrete Roofing Tile
With Fused Pigmented Mono/Duotone
Colour Coating
• Composition: Portland Cement, Specially
Selected Silicate Aggregates & Cement
Based Colour Coating With Transparent
Thermoplastic Finishing Coat
• Overall size: 420mm (L) x 330mm (W)
• Minimum Headlap: 76mmm / 3 inches
• Weight: Approximately 4.3 kgs / 9.5 lbs
2.3.3 MATERIALS
STEEL TRUSS WITH CONCRETE TILES
25

ETFE SYSTEM
Elasticity
• While ETFE films are very elastic (up to 600% at breaking
point), they are still structurally resistant. The tensile
strength at the limit of elasticity/plasticity is 21-23 N/mm²
but tensile strength to breaking point is 52/Nmm². For
structural calculation a limit of 15 N/mm² is conservatively
usually taken.
Safety/Explosion Risk:
• As a flexible material, ETFE Foil can take very high
loadings for a short period of time which makes it an
ideal material for use in locations where there is a risk of
explosion.
Light Weight
• Weighs as little as 1-3% of traditional cladding systems
Poor Sound Insulation
• Transmits more sound than glass
Exceptional Light Transmission
• Can be highly transparent (from 90% to 95%) and allow
for the passing of UVs which are responsible for the
promotion of photosynthesis thus facilitating plant growth.
Not Suitable for Small Buildings
• Usually applied in several layers that must be inflated
and require steady air pressure thus working with ETFE
is difficult for small building projects
Low Carbon Footprint
• Carbon footprint is approximately 80 times lower than
comparable transparent systems
Fragility
• Prone to punctures by sharp edge
26

STEEL TRUSS SYSTEM WITH CONCRETE TILES
Durable
• Steel is less prone to damage compared to timber truss
• Resist devastating events such as hurricanes and
earthquakes
Required Skilled Labour
• Skilled labour is required to install metal roof trusses
• The workers have a higher risk of electrocution when
installing the metal roof trusses.
Quick Installation
• Can be installed quickly and cost-effectively, even without
heavy equipment to lift it into place
Bad Sound Insulation
• Sound is more easily transmitted with steel trusses
compared to timber trusses
Fire Resistance
• Steel trusses offers a safer building as there is less threat
of the building being completely destroyed by fire or other
natural disasters
Costly
• Steel is usually more expensive than timber.
Environmentally Friendly
• Greatly reduces the amount of trees that are cut down for
use in building
• Requires no “wet work,” which makes the construction
process much faster as only the simplest assembly is
required
• Steel construction materials are 100% recyclable
Rust
• When the metal is cut, drilled, scratched or welded, rust
can become a problem.
27

DIAGRAM 1.3 Detail Section of Wall to Roof System
28

2.4 BASEMENT
WATER PROOFING SYSTEM
Basement Waterproofing is a technique used to prevent water from
entering the basement of a building. It plays an important role as it helps to
keep the building dry. It includes both drainage and sealers. Waterproofing is
needed anytime a structure is built at ground level or below ground.
Besides, waterproofing and drainage considerations are especially needed
in cases where ground water is likely to build up in the soil and raise the water
table.
Lastly, waterproofed basements can be converted into kitchens,
bathrooms, wine cellars, living rooms, studies, or even recording studios.
29
FIGURE 1.20 Typical Basement Waterproofing System

COMPANY
Waterproofing
membrane
(Oldroyd Xv
Black)
Oldroyd • A polypropylene cavity drainage
membrane embossed with a pattern of 6mm-
deep studs.
• It is designed to be used as a waterproof barrier
/ drainage layer in structural waterproofing
applications.
• Contains between 56 and 70% recycled plastic.
• It can also be used to protect buildings from
ground gasses such as radon and methane.
• The membrane is sealed to walls and
ceilings by means of special sealed fixing
plugs, whilst on the floor there is normally no
need for any form of fixing.
• Oldroyd Xv can be covered with
plasterboard (using timber battens, screed,
or a floating timber floor.
• A drainage facility, incorporating a sump and
a pump will need to be included as part of
the system.
• The perimeter drainage channel may also be
used to provide additional drainage at the
wall –floor junction
• Dimensions: 2.08m x 20m (41.6m²)
Vandex Super
Waterproofing
Slurries for
Concrete
Vandex International
Ltd.
• A cement-based waterproofing slurry
specifically designed for concrete waterproofing
applications. It is mixed with water prior to
application by brush or spray.
• When Vandex Super is applied to a concrete
surface, the active chemicals combine with the
free lime and moisture present in the capilliary
tract to form insoluble crystalline complexes.
These crystals block the capillaries and minor
shrinkage cracks in the concrete to prevent any
further water ingress (even under pressure).
However the Vandex Super layer will still allow
the passage of water vapour through the
structure
2.4.2 MATERIALS
BASEMENT WATER PROOFING SYSTEM
30

WATER PROOFING SYSTEM
Increase the Value
• Waterproofing systems can open up the basement area
and thereby increase the utility of the building’s square
footage
• This also helps in increasing the value of the building in
the market
High System Cost
• Labour charges for installation are typically expensive.
• External waterproofing systems cost several thousand
dollars due to the need for specialized excavating
equipment to reach and repair the foundation footings.
No Lateral Water Underflow
• Prevents unwanted moisture from seeping into your walls,
thereby allowing mold to grow
Complex Detailing
• Water proofing membrane requires a lot of detailing to
prevent water seek into the wall
Cost Effective Solution
• Cost effective in comparison with membranes and other
systems. Delivers maximum usable area to the occupier
31

DIAGRAM 1.4 Detail Section of Basement Waterproofing System
32

4.0 REFERENCES
Abigroup Prescribes LYSAGHT BONDEK® for Newcastle Centre. (n.d.). Retrieved April 17, 2015, from http://www.lysaght.com/go/case-
study/abigroup-prescribes-lysaght-bondek-for-newcastle-centre
CAD. (n.d.). Retrieved April 23, 2015, from http://www.amvicsystem.com/icf/cad/
Claybricks & Tiles | Largest Clay Bricks, Brick Veneers & Pavers Manufacturer in Malaysia. (2010). Retrieved April 28, 2015, from
http://www.claybricks.com/new/home.html
Externally Applied Basement Waterproofing CAD Drawings. (2008, November 14). Retrieved April 29, 2015, from
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