Lecture 3. epid. charact. of vector borne infections

Epidemiological aspects of vector-borne and parenteral infectious diseases Sorokhan MD, PhD Bukovinian State Medical University Department of the infectious diseases and epidemiology

Etiology ,[object Object],Wayson stain showing the characteristic "safety pin" appearance of Yersinia pestis, the plague bacillus. Image courtesy of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga.

Epidemiology ,[object Object],The prairie dog is a burrowing rodent of the genus Cynomys. It can harbor fleas infected with Yersinia pestis, the plague bacillus. Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga.

Epidemiology ,[object Object],[object Object],Oriental rat flea ( Xenopsylla cheopis ), the primary vector of plague, engorged with blood. Image courtesy of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga.

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Epidemiology ,[object Object],1998 world distribution of plague. Image courtesy of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga.

Prevention ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Etiology ,[object Object],Borrelia bacteria, the causative agent of Lyme disease. Magnified 400 times.

Epidemiology ,[object Object],Ixodes scapularis , the vector of Lyme disease

Epidemiology ,[object Object],Normal and engorged Ixodes ticks.

Physical exam ,[object Object],Common bullseye rash pattern associated with Lyme disease

Physical exam Erythema migrans, the characteristic rash of early Lyme disease.

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Prevention ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Etiology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Etiology Plasmodium vivax Plasmodium ovale Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium malariae

Epidemiology ,[object Object],Anopheles albimanus mosquito feeding on a human arm. This mosquito is a vector of malaria and mosquito control is a very effective way of reducing the incidence of malaria.

Epidemiology Countries which have regions where malaria is endemic as of 2003 (coloured yellow). Countries in green are free of indigenous cases of malaria in all areas. Malaria causes about 250 million cases of fever and approximately one million deaths annually. The vast majority of cases occur in children under 5 years old; pregnant women are also especially vulnerable

Epidemiology Frequency of malaria cases in 1996

Multiple diseases include the word "typhus" in their description. Types include: Etiology harvest mites on humans or rodents Orientia tsutsugamushi Scrub typhus fleas on rats Rickettsia typhi Murine typhus or "endemic typhus" lice on humans Rickettsia prowazekii Epidemic typhus Arthropod Bacterium Condition

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Lecture 3. epid. charact. of vector borne infections

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Lecture 3. epid. charact. of vector borne infections