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1. Definition
Anthrax is an acute disease, caused by
Bacillus anthracis. It affects both humans
and animals. The name 'anthrax' comes
from anthrax [άνθραξ], the Greek word for
'coal', because of the black skin lesions
developed by victims with a cutaneous
anthrax infection.

2. Lyme Disease
Lyme disease, or lyme borreliosis, is the tick-
borne infectious disease caused by Borrelia
burgdorferi and characterized by fever,
headache, fatigue, depression, and a
characteristic circular skin rash called erythema
migrans. The disease is named after the town of
Lyme, Connecticut, USA, where a number of
cases were identified in 1975.

3. Lyme Disease
Inspection
– Because the above recommendations are not
always practical, particularly for children and
during the summer, and because ticks do not
appear to transmit Lyme disease until they
have been attached for several days, close
inspection for ticks should be performed each
time one has been outdoors.
– The groin, axilla, and hairline should be
inspected particularly well.

4. Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease
caused by plasmodium parasite. It is widespread
in tropical and subtropical regions, including
parts of the Americas (22 countries), Asia, and
Africa. Each year, there are approximately 350–
500 million cases of malaria, killing between one
and three million people

5. Etiology
• The four Plasmodium species known to cause
malaria include:
– Plasmodium falciparum
– Plasmodium vivax
– Plasmodium ovale
– Plasmodium malariae.