1. CHAPTER 19:
The Industrial Age
Section 3:
Industrial Workers

2. VOCABULARY
 Sweatshop: Hot, stuffy
workshops in which workers
prepare materials for low wages

3. MAXIMIZING
EFFICIENCY &
PROFITS AND
 Machines
CUTTING COSTS
run by
unskilled
workers

Specialization
– workers
repeat same
action over

4. EFFECTS ON THE
WORKERS
 Could be
replaced
easily
 Long
hours &
low pay
 Boring
work
 Poor
working

5. EFFECTS ON THE
WORKERS to
 Many Americans forced
work in sweatshops

6. WORKERS ORGANIZE
 Workers join
unions
 Gives them
collective
bargaining
power
• All workers
acting together
have a greater
chance of

7. WORKERS ORGANIZE
 Unions
wanted:
 8 hour work
day
 Better pay
 Safer
conditions
 End of child
labor

8. LABOR UNIONS
 Knights of
Labor
•1st national
labor union
• Terrence
Powderly
leader

9. Knights of
Labor Protest
Marches

10. LABOR UNIONS
 American Federation of Labor
(AFL)
• Only skilled workers
• Organized individual unions
by trade
• Samuel Gompers leader

11. AFL Workers
on Strike

12. LABOR UNIONS
 Industrial Workers of the World
(IWW)
• All workers in one big union
• Women & Blacks too
• Called the Wobblies
• “Big Bill”
Haywood leader

13. The
Wobblies

14. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES
 Haymarket Riot –Chicago
1886
• Knights struck for 8 hour day
• Police killed several workers

15. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES
• Bomb exploded on police
• End of Knights

16. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES
 Homestead Strike – Pittsburgh
1892
• Steelworkers struck
• Locked out & scab workers
brought in

17. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES
• Workers took over mill

18. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES to
• Pinkerton Guards hired
take back mill

19. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES
• 14 hour battle – 16 dead

20. The “Battle of Homestead”

21. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES order
• State militia restored
• Union was broken

22. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES
 Pullman Strike – Pullman,
Illinois 1894
• Railroad car company workers
struck
• High rents & low wages

23. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES lines
• Workers took over rail

24. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES
• Another violent strike

25. THREE FAMOUS
STRIKES federal
• Pres. ends strike with
troops
• Another blow to union cause

26. May Day