2. Politeness Politenessis best expressed as the practical application of good manners or etiquette. It is a culturally defined phenomenon, and therefore what is considered polite in one culture can sometimes be quite rude or simply strange in another cultural context.
3. POLITENESS Brown and Levinson (1978) suggest that a need to be polite is common to all cultures.
4. in a common sense Being polite: Showing a good manner - give your seat to an elderly person in public transport or make room for him.
5. The concept of face Brown and Levinson (1978) have concluded that, in order to enter social relationships all people must acknowledged the face of other people. As a technical term, face means the public self image of a person.It refers to that emotional and social sense of self that every one has and expects everyone else to recognize.
6. Politeness TECHNIQUES What was said HOW POLITE IS IT? 1. Message clear-challenge to face. 2.Please shows the awareness of politeness but still could cause a reaction as quiet blunt. 3.Command hidden as question- implies listener has some choice! This saves face. 4.Use the pronoun ‘we’ implies as we are same in-group, have the same value and are doing the task together. this saves positive face. 5.No challenge here! You can always deny wanting anyone to do anything. The message is unclear. Response might easily be ‘Is it?’ or ‘Why don’t you shut the window then?’ 1.Shut the door. 2.Please”shut the door”. 3.Could you shut the window please? 4.Shall we shut the window please? 5.It’s cold here.
7. Perhaps you could just ask him if he is going to stop soon because it’s getting bit late and people need to get sleep. I am going to tell him to stop that awful noise right now
8. Politeness IN the VIEW OF OTHER PEOPLE Robin lakoff (1973) has summarized politeness in three maxims: Don’t impose; Give option; Make your receiver feel good.
