1. CHARACTERIZING DISEASE RESISTANCE IN NATIVE OYSTERS That Have Experienced Disease Pressure Roxanna Smolowitz, Steven Roberts, Jackie DeFaveri Christina Romano, Rick Karney

4. Oysters that had experienced disease pressure Oysters that had not experienced disease pressure (naïve) Spawn Spawn Experimental Design

5. Oysters (~4000 from each group) were grown in a Dermo prone site- Edgartown Great Pond July 2005 - Present

6. overwintered on bottom Temperature Data

7. Mortality Naïve oysters Survivors of Disease Pressure

8. Survivors of Dermo pressure [Edgartown GP] Naive [Tisbury]

9. DERMO Perkinsus marinus Survivors of Dermo pressure [Edgartown GP] Naive [Tisbury]

11. Photo: Gary H. Wikfors: Northeast Fisheries Science Center, NOAA Fisheries Milford Laboratory, Milford, CT Immune Response in Oysters

12. What are the biochemical or gene products produced by hemocytes?

14. CIAPIN Expression cytokine induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 Survivors of Dermo pressure [Edgartown GP] Naive [Tisbury] Apoptosis (programmed cell death) regulation is likely involved in disease resistance

15. Survivors of Dermo pressure [Edgartown GP] Naive [Tisbury] Cathepsin L Expression Cathepsins are a family of proteases Proteases and protease inhibitors have been shown to play critical roles in immunity and host-parasite interactions. One possibility is Cathepsin L is involved in P. marinus defense activity.

16. For more information….