The Civil Rights Movement spanned from 1954 to 1968 and aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans. Key events included the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling that declared segregation unconstitutional, the Montgomery Bus Boycott protesting segregated buses led by Martin Luther King Jr., and the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 after protests like the March on Washington. However, racial inequalities and urban riots continued, and the assassinations of Malcolm X and Martin Luther King Jr. marked the end of an important era.

1. Civil Rights Movement. 1954-1968. Origins of the movement: Plessy v. Ferguson-1896. This ruling confirmed separation. “ but equal.” discrimination. Most shameful ruling since Dred Scott decision.