1. Advanced Cell Biology
2014 1nd Semester
Department of Animal Science
Chungbuk National University
1st Lecture

2. Basic Information about Courses
Lecturer : Suk Namgoong
Room 443, S21-5
suknamgoong@chungbuk.ac.kr
HP: 010-4103-2415
Biweekly : 1st, 3nd, 5th Thursday 9:00-12:00

3. Textbook and Materials
Main text : Cell biology, 2nd edition, Pollard & Earnshaw
Most of lecture material will be provided as ppt at
http://www.slideshare.net/suknamgoong
* Book is in my Office

4. Course Objectives
• To understand the molecular basis of life at
the cellular level
• Focusing on general principles and
molecular mechanisms.
• Therefore, we assume general knowledge of
Macromolecular structures and Chemical
bonds, equilibrium constants, and rate
constants

5. 1st week : Introduction
3rd week : Basic principle of Cell component/
Research Strategoes
5nd week : Nucleus, Transcription and Splicing
7nd week : Membrane and Channel
9nd week : Membrane Trafficking
11nd week : Cell Signaling
13nd week : Cytoskeleton
15nd week : Cell Cycle
Syllabus

6. Cells
Basic Functional Units of all living organism
Mouse Embryonic Fibroblast
(MEF)

7. Cells

8. Evolution of Life
Prebiotic origin of life:
Details are uncertain; RNA may have dominated early biochemistry.
Common ancestor of all modern cells existed ~3.5 billion years ago with
about 600 genes.
Life diverged from this common origin by natural selection of favorable
random mutations.
Lateral transfer of genes among species has contributed to genetic
diversity during evolution.

9. Typical Eukaryotic cells were composed
with various component

13. Main difference with Eukaryotic and Procaryotic Cells
- Compartmentation by inner cell membrane
Nucleus
Mitochondria
Lysosome

14. What is difference betweeen
complicated machine and living
cell?
Both are composed with various ‘component’
Performed as ‘defined’ task
What is difference between them?

15. General Characteristics of Living Cell
Self-Replication and Generation

16. Every cell has their own ‘design sheet’ as form of DNA
DNA-RNA-Protein

17. Macromolecules (Protein, DNA) assembled with each other and forms cellular structure

18. In Nucleus..
DNA is replicated in HERE
Transcriptions are carried out in HERE
Splicing are carried out in HERE

19. ER
Most Protein synthesis (Translation) happen in ER
Proteins were transported via ER and Golgi to their destination

20. Membrane / Cell-To-Cell Junction

21. Cytoskeleton

22. Transports

23. Chemical Principle of Cell Biology
Water
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
DNA
RNA
Carbohydrate
Lipids

25. Uncharged
Polar Uncharged
Charged

26. Post-translational modification of amino acid
Important for regulation of proteins

27. Amino Acids = Polypeptides Covalent Bonds (공유결합)

28. Secondary Structure (Hydrogen Interactions)

29. Three-dimensional Structure of Protein determine their functions
What is main driving force for Three-dimensional structure of Protein folding?

30. Main driving force for tertiary structure formation : Van der waals interactions
Most protein are in water
Hydrophilic (charged, polar) amino acid residues tend to be in protein surface
Hydrophobic residues avoids water (core packing)

31. Three-dimensional Structure of Protein (and macromocules) determine their functions

32. To Understand how complicate machine works,
You should know the shape and function of each component

33. To Understand deeply function of a specific component, you need to know about structure of
functions

34. These approach are also same in proteins
Cas9-sgRNA-DNA Complex (Nureki et al., Cell 2014)

35. Some proteins have multiple conformations

36. It is difficult to understand how horse can run with this
single frame of picture..
But if we have series of still images of horse running,
we can figure out how horse can run..

38. To understand how to protein do their jobs, we need
Series of ‘snapshot’ structure.
GDP or GTP mediated
Conformational change of
Rab28 GTPase

39. Nucleic Acids

40. DNA conformation: most commonly a double helix with complementary TA and GC
base pairs.
Encode genetic information in sequence.

41. RNA structures take on highly diverse conformations, including helical regions with
complementary base pairs.
Structural RNA : Hammerhead ribozyme

42. Molecular Crowding : Cell is very packed..

43. Not like this
Cellular Transport inside Cells
More likely this
It will cost lots of energe for sure. 