this is just a test slide

1. Temporal Databases (Managing time varying data) Rob Squire - UK Consulting

2. Temporal Databases Am I a good guy or a bad guy?

8. What are temporal databases? Valid (stated) Time Transaction (logged) Time The 2 dimensions of time

9. What are temporal databases? Valid (stated) Time Transaction (logged) Time Granularity of the time axis Chronons can be days, Seconds, milliseconds depending on the application domain

10. What are temporal databases? The moving point ‘now’ Valid (stated) Time Transaction (logged) Time

29. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now SUPPLIER

30. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Timestamp or Now + 2 days SUPPLIER

31. Demonstration SUPPLIER Fix Transaction Time Now

32. Demonstration SUPPLIER Fix Transaction Time Timestamp or Now - 2 days

33. Demonstration Fix Transaction and Valid Time SUPPLIER

34. Demonstration Demo 01 Generating, populating and querying TNF

35. Demonstration SUPPLIER SUPPLIER PART Non Temporal Schema (SP) TNF Temporal Schema (TSP) Example schema taken from Temporal Data and the Relational Model by CJ Date, H Darwin, NA Lorentzos (2003)

36. Demonstration SUPPLIER SUPPLIER PART Non Temporal Schema (SP) TNF Temporal Schema (TSP) SUPPLIER SUPPLIER PART Generate

37. Demonstration Record Timestamp 1 03-NOV-05 15.45.23.125990000

38. Demonstration SUPPLIER SUPPLIER PART Non Temporal Schema (SP) TNF Temporal Schema (TSP) SUPPLIER SUPPLIER PART Populate Insert as Select * from

39. DEMO 1 t0(now) Transaction time = now

40. DEMO 1 t1(now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

41. Demonstration Fix Valid Time timestamp1 SUPPLIER

42. DEMO 1 t2(timestamp1) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

43. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

44. DEMO 1 t3 (now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

45. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now + 2 days SUPPLIER

46. DEMO 1 t4 (now+2days) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

47. DEMO 1 delete S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

48. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

49. DEMO 1 t5 (now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

50. DEMO 1 S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 eovt Transaction time = now

51. DEMO 1 t6 (now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

52. Demonstration Record Timestamp 2 03-NOV-05 15.57.04.334588000

53. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now + 30 seconds SUPPLIER

54. DEMO 1 t7(now+30 seconds) S2 S4 S3 S5 S1 Transaction time = now

55. DEMO 1 delete S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

56. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

57. DEMO 1 t8(now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

58. DEMO 1 t9(now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 Transaction time = now

59. Demonstration Demo 02 Fixing transaction time

60. DEMO 2 t10(now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 33 Transaction time = now

61. DEMO 2 t11(now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 45 Transaction time = now

62. DEMO 2 t12(now) S1 S2 S4 S3 S5 65 Transaction time = now

63. Demonstration SUPPLIER Fix Transaction Time Timestamp 2

64. DEMO 2 S2 S4 S3 S5 S1 171000 t13(now) Transaction time < t7

65. DEMO 2 S2 S4 S3 S5 S1 170900 t14(now) Transaction time < t7

66. DEMO 2 S2 S4 S3 S5 S1 170800 t15(now) Transaction time < t7

67. DEMO 2 S2 S4 S3 S5 S1 Lifetime >2 days Transaction time < t7

68. Demonstration SUPPLIER UnFix Transaction Time Now

69. DEMO 2 S2 S4 S3 S5 S1 Lifetime 1 hour Transaction time = now t16(now)

70. Demonstration Demo 03 (part1) DML not allowed when transaction time is fixed

71. Demonstration Fix Transaction Time Current Timestamp SUPPLIER

72. DEMO 3 t17(now) Transaction time <> now ORA-20001: S: Cannot insert while system Y time is set.

73. Demonstration SUPPLIER UnFix Transaction Time Now

74. Demonstration Demo 03 (part 2) Updating in TNF

75. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now – 10 days SUPPLIER

76. DEMO 3 t18(now-10days) London Paris London Paris Athens Transaction time = now

77. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now – 8 days SUPPLIER

78. DEMO 3 t19(now-8days) London Lyons London Athens Transaction time = now Paris Paris Lyons

79. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now – 6 days SUPPLIER

80. DEMO 3 t20(now-6days) London Lyons London Corinth Transaction time = now Paris Paris Lyons Athens

81. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now – 4 days SUPPLIER

82. DEMO 3 t21(now-4days) Lyons Manchester Corinth Transaction time = now Paris Paris Lyons Athens London London Manchester

83. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

84. DEMO 3 t22(now) Lyons Manchester Corinth Transaction time = now Paris Paris Lyons Athens London London Manchester

85. DEMO 3 Lyons Manchester Corinth Transaction time = now Paris Paris Lyons Athens London London Manchester t18 t19 t20 t21

86. Demonstration Demo 04 (part1) Maintaining Referential Integrity

87. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

88. DEMO 4 S Transaction time = now SP ORA-20001: :Integrity Constraint violated – parent key not found (showing one S relvar) t23(now)

89. DEMO 4 S Transaction time = now SP (showing one S relvar) t23(now)

90. DEMO 4 S Transaction time = now SP (showing one S relvar) t23(now)

91. Demonstration Demo 04 (part2) Foreign Key Rules for TNF

92. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now – 10 days SUPPLIER

93. DEMO 4 S1 Transaction time = now (showing one S relvar) t24(now-10days)

94. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

95. DEMO 4 S1 Transaction time = now (showing one S relvar) t25(now)

96. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now – 5 days SUPPLIER

97. DEMO 4 S1 Transaction time = now (showing one S relvar) t26(now-5days) ORA-20001: :Integrity Constraint violated – parent key not found S1,P1

98. DEMO 4 S1 Transaction time = now (showing one S relvar) t26(now-5days) Delete rule on foreign key constraint SP_S_FK is RESTRICT S1,P1 delete restrict

99. DEMO 4 S1 Transaction time = now (showing one S relvar) t26(now-5days) Delete rule on foreign key constraint SP_S_FK is CASCADE S1,P1 delete cascade

100. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

101. DEMO 4 S1 Transaction time = now (showing one S relvar) t27(now) S1,P1

102. Demonstration Demo 05 A more complex example

103. Demonstration SUPPLIER UnFix Transaction Time Now

104. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now – 100 days SUPPLIER

105. DEMO 5 S1,P2 Transaction time = now (showing all SP relvars) S1,P3 S2,P4 S2,P5 S2,P6 S3,P1 S3,P3 S3,P6 S1,P4 S1,P5 S1,P1

106. DEMO 5 S1,P2 Transaction time = now (showing all SP relvars) S1,P3 S2,P4 S2,P5 S2,P6 S3,P1 S3,P3 S3,P6 S1,P4 S1,P5 S1,P1 QUERY A – Page 74 List of dates each supplier was able to supply at least one part S1 S1 S3 S2

107. DEMO 5 Transaction time = now (showing all SP relvars) S2,P4 S2,P5 S2,P6 S3,P1 S3,P3 S3,P6 S1,P4 S1,P5 QUERY B – Page 75 List of dates each supplier was unable to supply at least one part S1,P2 S1,P3 S1,P1 S1 S1 S1 S2 S2 S3 S3

108. Demonstration Demo 06 (part1) The classic Employee Department schema example

109. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

110. Demonstration SUPPLIER UnFix Transaction Time Now

111. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now (showing Dept relvar) t28(now)

112. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now (showing Dept relvars) Dept 20, Finance, New York t29(now)

113. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now (showing Dept/Emp relvars) Dept 20, Finance, New York t30(now) Emp 1, John, Clerk,…,Dept 10

114. Demonstration Fix Valid Time Now + 20 days SUPPLIER

115. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now Dept 20, Finance, New York t31(now+20) Emp 1, John, Clerk,…,Dept 10 (showing Dept/Emp relvars)

116. Demonstration Un Fix Valid Time SUPPLIER Now

117. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now Dept 20, Finance, New York t32(now) Emp 1, John, Clerk,…,Dept 10 ORA-20001: :Integrity Constraint violated – parent key not found delete restrict (showing Dept/Emp relvars)

118. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now Dept 20, Finance, New York t33(now) Emp 1, John, Clerk,…,Dept 20 delete cascade (showing Dept/Emp relvars)

119. Demonstration Demo 06 (part2) Non Transferable foreign keys

120. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now Dept 20, Finance, New York t33(now) Emp 1, John, Clerk,…,Dept 20 transferable (showing Dept/Emp relvars)

121. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now Dept 20, Finance, New York t34(now) Emp 1, John, Clerk,…,Dept 20 Non transferable ORA-20001: :Illegal attempt to modify non-transferable foreign key. (showing Dept/Emp relvars)

122. DEMO 6 Dept 10, Sales, New York Transaction time = now Dept 20, Finance, New York t34(now) Emp 1, John, Clerk,…,Dept 20 Non transferable (showing Dept/Emp relvars)

125. A Q & Q U E S T I O N S A N S W E R S Rob Squire UK Consulting [email_address]