1. FROM LAB TO MARKET: LESSONS FOR AND FROM AISA ON COMMERCIALISING R&D OUTPUTS IN NIGERIA Abiodun A. Egbetokun Technology Innovation and Enterprise Studies National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM), Federal Ministry of Science & Technology (FMST), Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria abiodun.egbetokun@nacetem.org aaegbetokun@gmail.com
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10. Adapted from Tiffin,1997 Structure of Interactions among elements of the NIS Industrial Production Education and Research Finance Venture Fund Policy Instruments Policy Instruments Policy Instruments Venture Fund Brokerage, Interface, Bridging Institution s Government Policy Instruments Industrial Production Education and Research Finance Venture Fund Policy Instruments Policy Instruments Policy Instruments Venture Fund Brokerage, Interface, Bridging Institution s Government Policy Instruments
12. SOURCES OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE NIS Sources: http://nicoys.net.ng/nigeria/orgs.php?n=1 , accessed June 26, 2007; http://www.nucnigeria.info/universities.htm , accessed April 17, 2007 NUC, NBTE and NACETEM compilations Institutions Total number Research Institutes Public Research Agencies/Institutes/Centres 75 International Research Institutes with major activity in Nigeria 6 Total 81 Higher Education Institutions Universities 94 Polytechnics 71 Monotechnics 27 Total 192 GRAND TOTAL 273
13. QUALITY: WORLD RANKING OF UNIVERSITIES, 2007 SOURCE: http://www.webometrics.info/top100_continent.asp?cont=africa; 2007 Only 4 Nigerian universities ranked among top 100 in Africa! AFRICAN RANK UNIVERSITY COUNTRY WORLD RANK 1 UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN SA 356 2 RHODES UNIVERSITY SA 563 3 UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA SA 604 4 STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY SA 643 5 UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND SA 702 6 UNIVERSITY OF THE WESTERN CAPE SA 1,057 7 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA SA 1,355 8 UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL SA 1,535 9 AMERICAN UNIVERSITY IN CAIRO EG 1,659 10 UNIVERSITE DE LA REUNION RE 2,023 44 OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY NG 5,834 65 UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN NG 6,809 79 UNIVERSITY OF BENIN NG 7,318 96 UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS NG 7,601
14. PRODUCTIVITY: NUMBER OF PUBLICATIONS Sources: Oke (2005); http://www.comtech.org.pk./doc.ssr%20in%20oic/Nigeria.pdf
15. KNOWLEDGE GENERATION Managing Nigeria’s NIS (c) 2009 W. O. Siyanbola dg.ceo@nacetem.org Source: NACETEM, 2009a Generation of Inventions by Researchers Yes 44% No 56% Level of researchers’ awareness on patent matters High 25% Moderate 41% Low 34% Consultation of patent documents for technical information Yes 72% No 28%
There would be little innovation without good science because innovation feeds on knowledge that results from cumulative R&D experience; and it also contributes to this stock of knowledge. On the other hand, the economic and social pay-off of research would be much diminished without innovation.