1. Global perspective Child Care
Canada and United States
Sofia Abubeker, Fareeda Hapy, Suwon Choi
Huma Mir, Yuleisi Slina, Jenny Nguyen
2. Contents
Formal/Informal
History
Underlying Philosophy
Program Structure
Roles of early childhood educators
Training needed
3. Formal - US
Working families with children, child care expenses
can consume a large portion of the family budget
Low-income families-the expenses can be significant
Some of the parents who use paid care may place
their children in care they consider unsatisfactory
because other arrangements are unaffordable, with
potential effects on a variety of child outcomes.
4. Informal - US
Families use informal care in response to low-wage
working conditions
Sometimes informal care meets family’s needs but, in
some cases the informal care met minimal standars of
health and safety
A surprising number of families find the subsidy system
unhelpful
Bureaucratic procedures and staff attitudes in agencies
that manage subsidies often discourage parents who
qualify from using this help
http://www.mdrc.org/publications/353/policybrief.html
5. History – US
Firs educator was in1500.
―Reading, Writing, Arithmet
ic, and bookkeeping‖
Firs kindergarten opened
for children aged about two
to six years by Friedrich
Wilhelm Froeble(1782-
1852)
―Bible‖, ―New England
Primer and the Horn Book‖
6. Underlying Philosophy/Availability and
Accessibility - US
Poorly distributed in both public and private
providers
Child care fees paid by parents equal, on average
Only about 10% of eligible low-income parents get
the subsidies
Less available to those who live in rural areas
compared to those who live in urban cities.
Less professional training
7. Underlying Philosophy/Availability and
Accessibility – US(con’t)
Those who live in urban cities and belong to a
middle class salaries have the same accessibility.
Single mothers received more financial help from the
government then single fathers
Child care is ―…less available in the south..‖
compared to northern U.S
Lower-income areas have less availability compared
to middle and higher income families
8. Underlying Philosophy/Availability and
Accessibility – US(con’t)
Child care is accessible in the United States, but the
problem lies on whether parents can afford them
Child care in Washington and Massachusetts are the
most expensive and the least expensive is in
Mississippi
-Infant cost are around $7,000-$14,000 a year
-$3,400-$10,400 for school ages children
http://www.naccrra.org/randd/docs/Cost%20of%20Chil
d%20Care%20in%20the%20United%20States%202
010.pdf (cost by state)
9. Program Structure- US
Bank Street Developmental
Interaction Approach
The High/Scope Curriculum
Montessori Preschool
Curriculum
Opening the World of
Learning(OWL)
Reggio Emilia Approach
http://nccic.acf.hhs.gov/poptopics/c
urricula-ece.html
10. Roles of early childhood educators -
US
Teacher
Master teacher
Assistant teacher
Director
11. Training needed - US
High school diploma or equivalent
Work experiences
Orientation
http://www.bls.gov/oco/cg/cgs032.htm#training
12. Underlying Philosophy - Canada
Based upon the recognition emotional, physical, intellectual
and social growth
Different learning centers, childcare provided public and
private care also provided such as day care, private homecare
Child services among Canadians are distributed free with
government and volunteer help
YMCA is one of the largest non-profitable childcare provider
Provides individual attention, and financial support for parents
who aren’t able to provide it
Helps provide disable children physical, and emotional help
13. Availability/Accessibility - Canada
―Canada ranked last among developed countries in terms
of access to early learning and child care spaces — and
last in terms of public investment."
http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/2009/02/06/f-daycare.html
child care is mainly private meaning majority of families
have to pay for daycare and some have government
assistance from provincial and territorial ministry.
http://www.ccaac.ca/pdf/resources/factsheets/universality.
pdf
More daycare now are offering after hours compared to
the 6am-6pm program
"cbc chart http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/2009/02/06/f-
daycare.html
14. Program Structure - Canada
According to ELECT(Early Learning for Every Child
Today)
Early child development sets the foundation for
lifelong learning, behavior, and health.
Partnerships with families and communities
strengthen the ability of early childhood settings to
meet the needs of young children
Respect for diversity, equity, and inclusion are
prerequisites for honoring children’s rights, optimal
development, and learning.
15. Program Structure – Canada (con’t)
A planned curriculum supports early learning
Play is a means to early learning that capitalizes on
children’s natural curiosity and exuberance
Knowledgeable, responsive early childhood
professionals are essential.
Toronto District School Board ―Child Care Resource
Manual‖ 2nd Edition
16. Conclusion Canada/US
Not enough child care; waiting lists are long, fess are
way too high; there are far too few subsidies to help
families.
The lack of child care is affecting the quality of life for
Toronto families
Both countries have more similarities than
differences in the child care
Some differences in training programs like video
teleconferences and CDA credential training of ECEs
but their basic purpose is the same
http://mothersforchildcare.ca/?p=1592
http://www.mdrc.org/publications/353/policybrief.html