Research methology intro_ YL
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Research involves asking questions to gain a better understanding of a topic and using scientific methods to find answers. The document outlines the basic types of research as basic biomedical, clinical, epidemiological, health services, and methodological research. It also summarizes the general steps of how research works, which includes defining a research question, developing a study plan, conducting an actual study, analyzing the findings, and inferring conclusions about the target population.
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Research methology intro_ YL
- 1. Overview of Research Yvonne Lee Yin Leng, MPH Clinical Epidemiology Unit, CRC
- 11. Types of Clinical Research Patient comes to see a clinician Task: to make right diagnosis 1.Diagnostic studies 2.Taxonomic study 3. Validation studies Patient given Rx Task: to find most effective Rx ( good outcome) 1.Intervention studies / RCT 2. Outcomes studies Patient told prognosis Task: to predict a prognosis 1.Prognostic studies / prediction rules
Notes de l'éditeur
- Undertaken in most professions More than a set of skills Way of thinking ; critical examine the various aspects of your work, understand how things work, developing and testing new theories to enhance your profession. Becomes a habit – a habit of questioning Questions can be raised about any professioons – as long as you either directly or indirectly provide service
- Informal Clinical impression/judgement Philosophy – higher aim – bring benefit to others. Positivenism and naturalnism Valid and reliable – measurements Unbiased and objective – no personal vested interest
- 2 syllables ; re – search , former – prefix – again, anew or over again Latter – verb – to examine closely and carefully, to test or try, or to probe
- The setting = Labs The subjects = human tissues/genes, specimens etc
- The setting = ideal population/community (house to house ) The subjects = community members Topics of study include describing new diseases, Descibe how diseases are spread (aetiology/risk factors) Decsribe methods to preventing the spread of disease, etc.
- There are health services researchers who conduct research on how health care is delivered to people. Topics of study include how health services are paid for, who does and does not get care, where people get care, what types of treatment are most effective, etc. In both instances, results of the research are used to develop health policy that seeks to protect and ensure the Public’s Health.
- rule discriminatory value of sign and symptom, diagnostic test accuracy study developing and validating new instrument eg risk factor modelling
- Think of 1 research question: Are patients satisfied with our OP counter-service? – target : patients who use OP in IPR, satisfaction level
- Intended sample : patients coming to OP IPR from jan- mac 2008, patients satisfaction scale questionnaire
- patients who consented PSSQ
- Internal validity Patients who consent are usually ‘good’ ones
- External validity/generalizibility Jan- mac : major renovation work that disrupt OP work flow