1. Stephanie’s learning journey..

2. Culture & Climate
 “The most important foundational element is the
culture of the school.” ~ Allan A. Glatthorn (1992)
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hXdmaBlijD0
 What is the differences between culture and climate?
Culture: “Some important elements of culture… are the norms, values, beliefs, traditions,
rituals, ceremonies, and myths translated by a particular group of people. Thus, the values
expressed in lesson plans and classroom teachings, the way the principle runs staff meetings, and
the decorations displayed in hallways are all integral parts of school culture.” – (Stolp S., Smith S.
C., 1995) 12
Climate: “When discussing climate, the focus is on the impressions, feelings, and
expectations held by members of the school organization. These perceptions are
aroused by the organization’s structure, setting, as well as by the social interactions
among those who work and learn there” – (Stolp S., Smith S. C., 1995) 15

3. Diversity in learning
What are the many types of diversity found in a classroom?
 Culture:

“Different cultural groups have different ways of making meaning.” (Jerome C. Harste)
 Racial origins:

“Thirty years from now (by 2035) demographers project that students of color will constitute a majority of the student
population…” (Hodgkinson, 2001, U.S Bureau of the Census, 2000)
 Language

“[Teachers] must know how to provide clear, organized directions – using multiple modes of commutation so that
students who process information differently will be able to understand them- and well-scaffolded tasks that provide
many entry points into the material so that students can learn.” (J. Banks et al., 2005) 254
 Learning challenges

“To instruct special needs students effectively, teachers need to understand the nature of various disabilities, ranging
from mild to moderate learning disabilities… to other concerns such as developmental delays, mental retardation,
hearing impairments, visual impairments, autism, emotional and behavioral disorders, speech and language
impairments, physical impairments (mobility), emotional disturbances, and attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD).” (J. Banks et al., 2005) 256

4. Forms of Literacy
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X5ySocUyI7I

5. Poverty and Learning
 Poverty: the degree to which an individual does without resources
(Ruby Payne, A Framework for Understanding Poverty)
What forms of poverty are found within the classroom?
 Financial,
 emotional,
 mental
 spiritual
 Physical
 support systems,
 relationships/role models,
 knowledge of hidden rules

6. Universal Design for Learning
 “Each child, everyday, no exception”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I92QkPdvYRI
http://youtu.be/6jinXRuL-Tw?t=13s
 Rule of thumb: Never use the gifted kids to help the
slower students. – Dyck, B., September 23, 2013
 “Because students understand how they learn, they
understand what they need”

7. Scaffolding
 Scaffolding is the “support for learning and problem solving; the
support could be clues, reminders, encouragement, breaking the
problem down into steps, providing an example, or anything else that
allows the student to grow in independence as a learner” - (Woolfolk A. E.,
Winne P. H., Perry N. E., 2011)

8. Zone of Proximal Development
 Brought into light by Vygotsky, the zone of proximal development
refers to the “phase at which a child can master a task if given
appropriate help and support” - (Woolfolk A. E., Winne P. H., Perry N. E., 2011)
 Scaffolding can be thought of as the assistance
to a child to help them remain in the zone of
proximal development

10. References
http://www.flickr.com/photos/35483578@N03/9969711815 permission to use by
Attribution, No Derivatives, Non-Commercial by United Nations Photo
 http://www.flickr.com/photos/8087681@N08/4571489777 permission to use by
idlphoto
 http://www.flickr.com/photos/69108241@N00/192000914 permission to use by MSH*
 http://www.flickr.com/photos/48639212@N02/5619629891 permission to use by Gates
Foundation
