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Swiss Energy Policy Jean-Christophe Füeg Head Int‘l Energy Affairs ThinkSwiss Study Tour on Energy USA  3 May 2010
[object Object],Switzerland Energy Mix (2008)  Oil (stationary use) Transport fuels Residential Statist. difference
Electricity production (2008) Hydro (run of river) Hydro (dams) Nuclear Thermal & renewables
Electricity Market Opening in 2 Steps Partial market opening Full market opening 2009 2014 facultative referendum 2. step 1. step < 100MWh with default service provider   Eligible customers < 100MWh: choice bw. market and default service provider Eligible customers
[object Object],Energy Policy Challenges 0 20 40 60 80 100 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 TWh Hydro Nuclear Fossil Imported Nuclear New RES  (Solar, Wind, Biomass) Electricity Demand
Energy Policy  Three Guiding Principles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CO2-Law and Tax (adopted in 2000)   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],CHF 12/t CO2 CHF 24/t CO2 CHF 36/t CO2 2008 2009 2010 If 2006 emissions > 94% vs 1990  (actual: 95.4%) If 2007 emissions > 90% vs 1990 If 2008 emissions > 86.5% vs 1990 Not implemented
Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energies From Programmes to Legal Instruments ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Energy Strategy of Federal Council (adopted February 2007)  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Renewable Energy Share of Total final consumption (2008) 8. Biotreibstoffe 0.06% Non-Renewable 81.73% Wind 0.01% Waste incineration 1.35% Sewage plants 0.20% Ambient heat 0.79% Solar 0.14% Wood & biogas 3.58%  Hydro 12.14% Renewable 18.27%
Renewable Energy: Electricity  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Small hydro Solar PV Wind Biomass Total Million CHF Approved Feed-In Tariffs Legal  Cap
Renewable Energy: Heat and Transport ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Energy Efficiency  Legal Instruments and Programmes since 1990 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Switzerland: Heating systems 83.4% 6.1% 4.3% 3.4% 2.8% Heating oil,  natural gas Heat pumps CHP Electricity Wood
Buildings: 40% of Final Energy Consumption   Example: Building Stock Canton Graubünden Potential Tech. Refurbishment   MINERGIE Refurbishment
Nuclear power plants in Switzerland 1165 MW Boiling water 1984 Leibstadt 970 MW, Pressurized water 1978 Gösgen 355 MW, Boiling water 1972 Mühleberg 365 MW, Pressurized water 1972 Beznau II 365 MW, Pressurized water 1969 Beznau I Capacity, Type Year in operation Plant
Switzerland Europe’s electricity hub and battery 2’000 MW under construction 2’000-3’000 MW projected Additional pump-storage: 29‘709 MW (21.3% of UCTE) Cross-border capacity: 67.1 TWh (10% of UCTE) Cross-border flows: 9‘724 MW (2.5% of UCTE) Peak load:
Public Energy R&D Efficiency Renewables Nuclear Economics
Switzerland Energy R&D Int‘l Ranking  Global Innovation Index (GII) and Report 2009-2010 … … . USA Korea (4.98) Netherlands Luxemburg Germany Japan (5.44) Schweiz  (26) Schweiz  (25) Denmark Schweiz (4.91) Austria Singapore Sweden Finland(5.65) Taiwan Norway Japan Sweden (6.19) Germany Hong Kong Schweiz Israel (7) Intensity of Local Competition Venture Capital Availability Companies Spending on R&D Public R&D Expenditure (%GDP)

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Swiss Energy Policy - May 2010 Study Tour

  • 1. Swiss Energy Policy Jean-Christophe Füeg Head Int‘l Energy Affairs ThinkSwiss Study Tour on Energy USA 3 May 2010
  • 2.
  • 3. Electricity production (2008) Hydro (run of river) Hydro (dams) Nuclear Thermal & renewables
  • 4. Electricity Market Opening in 2 Steps Partial market opening Full market opening 2009 2014 facultative referendum 2. step 1. step < 100MWh with default service provider Eligible customers < 100MWh: choice bw. market and default service provider Eligible customers
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10. Renewable Energy Share of Total final consumption (2008) 8. Biotreibstoffe 0.06% Non-Renewable 81.73% Wind 0.01% Waste incineration 1.35% Sewage plants 0.20% Ambient heat 0.79% Solar 0.14% Wood & biogas 3.58% Hydro 12.14% Renewable 18.27%
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. Buildings: 40% of Final Energy Consumption Example: Building Stock Canton Graubünden Potential Tech. Refurbishment MINERGIE Refurbishment
  • 15. Nuclear power plants in Switzerland 1165 MW Boiling water 1984 Leibstadt 970 MW, Pressurized water 1978 Gösgen 355 MW, Boiling water 1972 Mühleberg 365 MW, Pressurized water 1972 Beznau II 365 MW, Pressurized water 1969 Beznau I Capacity, Type Year in operation Plant
  • 16. Switzerland Europe’s electricity hub and battery 2’000 MW under construction 2’000-3’000 MW projected Additional pump-storage: 29‘709 MW (21.3% of UCTE) Cross-border capacity: 67.1 TWh (10% of UCTE) Cross-border flows: 9‘724 MW (2.5% of UCTE) Peak load:
  • 17. Public Energy R&D Efficiency Renewables Nuclear Economics
  • 18. Switzerland Energy R&D Int‘l Ranking Global Innovation Index (GII) and Report 2009-2010 … … . USA Korea (4.98) Netherlands Luxemburg Germany Japan (5.44) Schweiz (26) Schweiz (25) Denmark Schweiz (4.91) Austria Singapore Sweden Finland(5.65) Taiwan Norway Japan Sweden (6.19) Germany Hong Kong Schweiz Israel (7) Intensity of Local Competition Venture Capital Availability Companies Spending on R&D Public R&D Expenditure (%GDP)

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Die rund 16,5% an erneuerbarer Energie verdanken wir vor allem der traditionell wichtigen Wasserkraft. Die übrigen, so genannt neuen erneuerbaren Energien leisten mit knapp 5% einen noch sehr bescheidenen Beitrag. Unter den erneuen erneuerbaren Energien steht Holzenergie an erster Stelle, gefolgt vom biogenen Anteil im Kehricht. Zunehmend trägt auch die übrige Biomasse zur Strom- und Wärmeversorgung bei.
  2.  Hauptaussagen: – Der grenzüberschreitende Handel mit Strom hat für die Schweiz Tradition . Möglich macht dies ihre Energie aus Speicherkraftwerken . Auch sie eine vorausblickende Pionierleistung der Schweiz. – Die Schweiz handelt in grossem Stil mit dem Rohstoff Strom. Dies verleiht ihr in Europa eine Sonderstellung als zentrale Stromdrehscheibe, als zentrales Transitland auf der Nord-Süd-Achse. – Die eindrücklichen Fakten : Bei einem Anteil am gesamten Energieverbrauch im europäischen Verbundnetz von etwas über 2% hält sie einen Anteil von mehr als 10% an den Grenzflüssen und von etwas mehr als 22% an der installierten Grenzkapazität . – Die Schweizer Stromindustrie denkt international und nutzt ihre Chancen seit Jahren geschickt: Sie baute ihre Netze ausgerichtet auf den grenzüberschreitenden Handel und investiert im grenznahen Ausland in Kraftwerke. – Beispielhaft: der mit Schweizer Beteiligung in Frankreich erzeugte Atomstrom, der durch die Schweiz importiert und nach Italien exportiert wird. – Der grenzüberschreitende Handel mit Strom wurde so zu einem Geschäft von erheblicher volkswirtschaftlicher Bedeutung . &lt;Zahlen von Herrn Bessire&gt; – Die Ausrichtung der Schweiz auf den grenzüberschreitenden Stromhandel hat grosse Vorteile für die Schweizer Stromindustrie und für unser Land. – Der Wermutstropfen: Der Netzausbau im Inland hatte in der Vergangenheit für die Schweizer Stromwirtschaft sekundäre Bedeutung. Es besteht klarer Nachholbedarf. – Und: Soll die installierte Grenzkapazität weiter ausgeschöpft werden, braucht es zusätzliche Investitionen in das grenznahen Netz im Ausland .
  3. Die langfristigen, ökologisch vertretbaren Potenziale der erneuerbaren Energien sind um Faktoren oder gar Grössenordnungen höher als was heute ausgeschöpft wird. Technologien, welche kurzfristig noch nicht viel beitragen (Solarenergie, Geothermie) werden in 20 bis 30 Jahren neue Schwergewichte bei den Erneuerbaren sein. Die Nutzung von Umgebungswärme mit Wärmepumpen, die schon heute neben dem Holz Zugpferd ist, wird längerfristig die dominierende Heizungsrat werden. Diese langzeitig absehbare Verschiebung der Beitragsgewichte gilt es bereits bei der heutigen Unterstützung zu berücksichtigen: Ohne eine minimale Förderung insbesondere der Solarenergie würden die entsprechenden Technologien und Systeme erst später als erforderlich für eine breite Anwendung bereit sein. Beitrag Forschung der Privatwirtschaft: 1992: 900 Mio. Fr. 2005: 740 Mio. Fr. Es sind Daten für 2007 vorhanden (angegeben 2005). Leider hat sich an der Budgetsituation nichts geändert.