24. The big vacuum myth? It can be seen that 90% of the radiation falls between 9:00am and 4:00pm with an average insolation level during this period of 400W/m2. We now have a full set of factors in order to do a comparison: Insolation Level = 400Watts/m2 (G) (Tm-Ta) = 35K (Tm-Ta)/G = 0.0875 (x) 4. Leading vacuum tube panel : - Performance variables: h0 = 0.717, a1 = 1.52, a2 = 0.0085 ( SPF ) - IAM adjustment = 1.2(K) 5. Leading Flat Plate: - Performance variables: h0 = 0.8, a1 = 2.99, a2 = 0.023 ( SPF ) - IAM adjustment = 0.97(K) The calculations for the two collectors are therefore as follows. vacuum : Performance = 1.2 * 0.717 - (1.52 * 0.0875) - (0.0085 * 400 * 0.08752) = 1.2*0.717-0.133-0.026 = 70% Flat Plate: Performance = 0.97 * 0.8 - (2.99 *0.0875) - (0.023 * 400 * 0.08752) = 0.97*0.8-0.26-0.07 = 44.6% Difference: + 25%
27. Solar Thermal Collector Shipments 2006 Figure 2.3. Solar Thermal Collector Shipments Top Domestic Destinations, 2006 Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, "Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey."
28. Solar Thermal Collector Average Price Figure 2.4. Solar Thermal Collector Average Price, 1997-2006 Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, "Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey."
29. Companies Involved in Solar Thermal Collector Activities Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, "Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey." 19 10 Noncollector System Component Manufacture 19 9 Installation 20 11 Retail Distribution 38 23 Wholesale Distribution 19 11 Prototype System Development 19 11 Prototype Collector Development 37 22 Collector or System Design 2006 2005 Type of Activity Table 2.15 Companies Involved in Solar Thermal Collector Activities by Type, 2005 and 2006
30. Companies Expecting to Introduce New Solar Thermal Collector Products Source: Energy Information Administration, Form EIA-63A, "Annual Solar Thermal Collector Manufacturers Survey." 8 Noncollector Components 5 High-Temperature Collectors 14 Medium-Temperature Collectors 5 Low-Temperature Collectors Number of Companies New Product Type Table 2.12 Number of Companies Expecting to Introduce New Solar Thermal Collector Products in 2007
31.
32. Solar/DG Provisions in RPS Policies NM: 4% solar electric by 2020 0.6% DG by 2015 AZ: 4.5% DG by 2025 NV: 1% solar by 2015; 2.4 to 2.45 multiplier for PV MD: 2% solar electric in 2022 CO: 0.8% solar electric by 2020 DC: 0.386% solar electric by 2022 1.1 multiplier for solar NY: 0.1542% customer-sited by 2013 DE: 2.005% solar PV by 2019; triple credit for PV Solar water heating counts towards solar set-aside WA: double credit for DG NH: 0.3% solar electric by 2014 NJ: 2.12% solar electric by 2021 PA: 0.5% solar PV by 2020 NC: 0 . 2% solar by 2018 OH*: 0 . 5% solar by 2025 * It is unclear at this point if solar water heating is eligible for OH’s solar carve-out.
33. State Sales Tax Exemptions for Renewables D.C. Puerto Rico State has a Sales Tax Exemption State has Local Option for Sales Tax Exemption
34. Loan Programs for Renewables State & utility/local programs State program Utility or local programs D.C.
35. State Solar Contractor Licensing Requirements D.C. State has special solar licensing requirements
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