1. 21-3 Ecology of Fungi

2. Saprobes Saprobe is an organism that obtains food from decaying organic matter.

3. Lichens Lichens are symbiotic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism.

4. Mycorrhizae Mycorrhiza is the symbiotic association of plant roots and fungi.

5. Fungi as decomposers Fungi plan an essential role in maintaining equilibrium in nearly every ecosystem, where they recycle nutrients by breaking down the bodies and wastes of other organisms.

6. Fungi as parasites Parasitic fungi cause serious plant and animal diseases. A few cause diseases in humans.

7. Symbiotic relationships Some fungi form symbiotic relationships in which both partners benefit. Two such mutualistic associations, lichens and mycorrhizae are essential to many ecosystems.