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“ASEAN and Civil Society
                   Organizations”



                       H.E. Mr. Lutfi Rauf
Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia To the Kingdom of Thailand



At the Seminar on Civil Society and Culture/Bringing Peace
                to the ASEAN Community
               Bangkok, 17 Desember 2012
MEMBERS OF ASEAN
                                                    BRUNEI DARUSSALAM


                                                    CAMBODIA


                                                    INDONESIA


                                                    LAO PDR


                                                   MALAYSIA


                                                   MYANMAR

                                                   PHILIPINNES


The region has a population of about 608           SINGAPORE
 million, a total area of 4.5 million square
 kilometers, a combined gross domestic             THAILAND
 product of US$ 3.36 trillion, and a economic
 growth of in 2012 projected to reach 5 - 7.2 %.
                                                   VIET NAM
 ETHNICALLY DIVERSE, HOME OF 600 MILLION
  PEOPLE…
 CULTURALLY AND HISTORICALLY RICH, WITH
  ‘RESIDUAL PROBLEMS’.
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF POLITICAL SYSTEM
  (DEMOCRACY, SOCIALIST, MONARCHY), .
 HOME OF ALL GREAT RELIGIONS (ISLAM,
  BUDHA, HINDU, PROTESTANT, CATHOLIC,
  CONFUSIUS)….

                POTENTIAL FOR CONFLICTS….
Prof. Kantathi Suphamongkhon ( Former Foreign
                Minister of Thailand) :

 “the fact that Southeast Asia comprises over 500 different
   languages, multiple religions (including, Indonesia, the
    largest moderate Islamic state in the world, with more
Muslims than Egypt, Syria, Jordan and all the Arab states in
the Persian Gulf combined) and almost every main form of
government, from absolute and constitutional monarchies
  to republics and even communist states. The region also
encompasses huge extremes, with Indonesia’s population
over 500 times that of Brunei and Singapore’s GDP around
                150 times that of Myanmar’s.”
Asean and civil society organizations indonesia
Asean and civil society organizations indonesia
http://digitaljournalist.org/issue9711/req10.htm
Some highlights …..


• Bilateral conflicts related to territorial claims etc
  e.g. Indonesia – Malaysia, Malaysia – the Philippines etc

• Cold War – zone of proxy wars
  - Indochina War
• Suspicion and lack of trust among countries in the region,
  the failure of previous regional arrangements such as military
  alliance under SEATO, ASA (Association of Southeast Asia)
  ---Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines, MAPHILINDO
  (Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia)
• Process of nations building –
  - mostly young independent states except Thailand

                                                               8
BANGKOK DECLARATION

Established ASEAN on 8th
 August      1967     as   an
 Association in Bangkok,
 Thailand
Five    Founding     Member
 States: Indonesia, Malaysia,
 Philippines, Singapore and
 Thailand
Brunei Darussalam joined
 on 8 January 1984, Vietnam
 on 28 July 1995, Lao PDR and
 Myanmar on 23 July 1997,
 and Cambodia on 30 April
 1999
 Indonesia take the lead…..

 The first ASEAN Summit in
 Bali (1976) started
 discussing political-security
 issues and the agreement on
 the TAC (Treaty of Amity and
 Cooperation)
‘Bali Concord I’ : ASEAN’s objectives and principles in
    the pursuit of political stability


   1. The
         stability of each member state and of the ASEAN region is an
    essential contribution to international peace and security….

    2. Member states, individually and collectively, shall take active steps for the
    early establishment of the Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality.

    3. The elimination of poverty, hunger, disease and illiteracy is a primary
    concern of member states. They shall therefore intensify cooperation in
    economic and social development, with particular emphasis on the
    promotion of social justice and on the improvement of the living standards of
    their peoples.

    4. Natural disasters and other major calamities can retard the pace of
    development of member states. They shall extend, within their capabilities,
    assistance for relief of member states in distress.
 5. Member states shall take cooperative action in their national and regional
    development programmes, utilizing as far as possible the resources available in
    the ASEAN region to broaden the complementarity of their respective
    economies.

    6. Member states, in the spirit of ASEAN solidarity, shall rely exclusively on
    peaceful processes in the settlement of intra-regional differences.

    7. Member states shall strive, individually and collectively, to create
    conditions conducive to the promotion of peaceful cooperation among
    the nations of Southeast Asia on the basis of mutual respect and mutual
    benefit.

    8. Member states shall vigorously develop an awareness of regional identity and
    exert all efforts to create a strong ASEAN community, respected by all and
    respecting all nations on the basis of mutually advantageous relationships, and
    in accordance with the principles of selfdetermination, sovereign equality and
    non-interference in the internal affairs of nations.

ASEAN Transformation…..
At the Beginning :

 To accelerate the process of economic development, social welfare and cultural development;
 To promote peace and stability in the region through the appreciation for justice and rule of
  law in the relations between countries in the region which is in line with the principles stipulated
  in the UN Charter.
 To enhance active collaboration and mutual assistance in matters related to common
  interests in the field of economy, social, culture, engineering, science and administration.

Focus of Cooperation in early years of ASEAN:

• Economy – to accelerate the economic growth;
• Social culture – to promote social culture development;
• The basis of ASEAN cooperation is very loose, only based on the Bangkok Declaration – as a
  ministerial statement);

Focus of Cooperation in the New Millennium:

•   ASEAN Community by 2015
•   state-to-people relations
•   strengthening socio-cultural pillar
•   people-oriented organization
                                                                                               13
 Internal Dynamic
 - The adoption of Agreements to be implemented;
 - The development of various activities and programs;
 - The need to strengthen the internal cooperation;

 External Dynamic
 - Globalization and interdependence
 - The emerging power in the region;
 - The need to have ‘ASEAN centrality’.


                                                     14
ASEAN TRANSFORMATION                                                        ASEAN
                                                         Bangkok Declaration                 COMMUNITY
                                     Bali Concord
                                                       1967
                                                                                               by 2015
               Bali Concord II              1976
                                  2003
                                                                                   ASEAN Political-Security
         Vientianne Action                                                               Community (APSC)
            Programme                                                          ASEAN Economic Community
               2004                                                                                    (AEC)
                                                                            ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community
                                                                                                     (ASCC)
  ASEAN Summit 2007
Acceleration of attainment
 of ASEAN Community
           2015


                 The Signing of
                  the ASEAN                                     Cha-am Hua Hin
                                           Entry into force                             Bali Concord III
                    Charter                                        Declaration
                                         of ASEAN Charter                           ASEAN COMMUNITY IN A
                      2007                                      on the Road Map
                                         15 December 2008                           GLOBAL COMMUNITY OF
                                                                       for                NATIONS
                                                                  the ASEAN
                                                                  Community
                                                                      2009
                                                                                                           1
                                                                                                           5
 ASEAN Political Community
 - Enhancing peace, stability, democracy and prosperity in the
 region through comprehensive political and security
 community
 ASEAN Economic Community
    - Enhancing competitiveness for economic growth
  and development through closer economic
  integration
 ASEAN Socio-cultural Community
  - Nurturing human, cultural and natural resources for
 sustained development in a harmonious and people-centered
 ASEAN
   Strengthen relationship and increase interaction in the
    field of political and security.

   The existence of a single market and production base
    with free flow of goods, services, investment, skilled
    labor and the free flow of capital .

   A caring and sharing society that focuses on social
    development,   education    and    human    resource
    development, public health, culture and information,
    and environment protection.




                                                              17
Interrelation of the Three Pillars to the
Establishment of the ASEAN Community
ASEAN
Economic
Community                                                ASEAN Socio-
(AEC)                                                    Cultural
                                                         Community
                     ECONOMY          SOCIAL CULTURE     (ASCC)
“Enhancing
competitive-
ness for                                                  “Nurturing human,
economic                                                  cultural and
growth and                                                natural resources
development                                               for sustained
through closer                                            development in a
                                  POLITICAL
economic                                                  harmonious and
                                  SECURITY
integration”                                              people-centered
(154 Action                                               ASEAN”. (339
Plan)                                                     Action Plan)
        ASEAN Political Security Community (APSC)
        “Enhancing peace, stability, democracy and prosperity in the
        region    through comprehensive political and security
        cooperation” (142 Action Plan)
Why ASEAN Charter


●   The internal dynamics and external dynamic require ASEAN to
    strengthen the organization in order to address the challenges and
    utilize the opportunities;
●   To strengthen the organization by developing the legally-binding
    instruments;
●   To confer ASEAN as a legal personality;
●   To reaffirm the implementation of its goals and principles and
    ensure the attainment of the establishment of the ASEAN
    Community;
●   To promote     a   clearer   and   predictable   dispute-settlement
    mechanism;
●   To provide a stronger framework for cooperation in the future
                                                                    19
 Purpose: To accelerate Political and Security cooperation in ASEAN to
    maintain peace in region, including to raise awareness on common
    values, such as Human Rights and democratization.
   Established to become an open community based on a comprehensive
    security approach, and doesn’t serve the purpose in forming a military
    pact or a joint foreign policy
   Promoting peace oriented approach for ASEAN Member States and
    Dialogue Partners: reflected by the accession to the TAC and
    SEANWFZ, promote the efforts to peace-building and post-conflict
    measures
   Involving countries and entities of ASEAN Dialogue Partners to
    participate in promoting peace and stability in the region
   Improving confidence and trust between and toward the ASEAN
    Member States
   Five main elements: Politic Development; Norm Setting; Conflict
    Prevention; Conflict Resolution; and Post-Conflict Peace Building
ASEAN Economic Community
The Strategy :
 Intensification    new economic cooperation initiatives and its
  implementation to accelerate regional integration in the 12 priority
  sectors:
  agro-based products, automotive, electronics, fisheries, rubber-based
  products, textiles and apparels, wood-based products, air travel, e-ASEAN
  (ICT), healthcare, tourism and logistic.
 Establishing ASEAN as a stable, prosperous and highly competitive single
  market and production base where there will be a free flow of goods,
  service, investment, capital, equitable development and narrowing social-
  economic gap, as well as integration with global supply chain in 2015.
Key Characteristics:
 A single market and production base; a highly competitive economic
  region; a region of equitable economic development; and a region fully
  integrated into the global economy.
TOWARDS ASEAN SOCIO-CULTURAL
      COMMUNITY (ASCC)




                          22
ITS PRIMARY GOAL….

to contribute to realising an ASEAN
Community that is people-centred and
socially responsible with a view to achieving
enduring solidarity and unity among the
nations and peoples of ASEAN by forging a
common identity and building a caring and
sharing society which is inclusive and
harmonious where the well-being, livelihood,
and welfare of the peoples are enhanced.
The ASCC Blueprint..
                                                   is the guidelines..
•   To strengthen Awareness and the We Feeling
•   To strengthen partnership, solidarity, and unity in establishing the
    ASEAN Community
•   To manage social impacts resulted by economic integration through
    building a caring and sharing society
•   To promote environmentally sustainable development
•   To build respects for cultural, language and religion diversity by
    promoting unity in diversity
•   To eradicate poverty and narrow the development gap
•   To develop human resources for the empowerment of the people of
    ASEAN
•   To increase social welfare
                                                           www.themegallery.com
The ASCC Blueprint..
Covering 17 sector of cooperation i.e. youth, migrant workers,
culture, environment, public health, social welfare, ASEAN
University Network.

6 Characteristics of ASCC :

 (a) Human Development;
 (b) Social Welfare and Protection;
 (c) Social Justice and Rights;
 (d) Ensuring Environmental Sustainability;
 (e) Building the ASEAN Identity; and
 (f ) Narrowing the Development Gap.
(a)   Human Development (7)
 i) Advancing and prioritising education; ii) Investing in
  human resource development; iii) Promotion of decent work;
  iv) Promoting ICT; v) Facilitating access to applied S&T; vi)
  Strengthening entrepreneurship skills for women, youth,
  elderly and persons with disabilities; vii) Building civil service
  capability.
(b) Social Welfare and Protection (7)
 i) Poverty Alleviation; ii) Social safety net and protection from
  the negative impacts of integration and globalization; iii)
  Enhancing food security and safety; iv) Access to healthcare and
  promotion of healthy lifestyles; v) Improving capability to control
  communicable diseases; vi) Ensuring a drug-free ASEAN; vii)
  Building disaster-resilient nations and safer communities.
(c) Social Justice and Rights (3)
 i) Promotion and protection of the rights and welfare of women,
  children, the elderly, and persons with disabilities; ii) Protection and
  promotion of the rights of migrant workers; iii) Promoting Corporate
  Social Responsibility (CSR).
(d) Ensuring Environmental Sustainability (11)
 i) Addressing global environmental issues; ii) Managing and preventing
  transboundary environmental pollution; iii) Promoting sustainable
  development through environmental education and public participation;
  iv) Promoting Environmentally Sound Technology (EST); v) Promoting
  quality living standards in ASEAN cities/urban areas; vi) Harmonizing
  environmental policies and databases; vii) Promoting the sustainable use
  of coastal and marine environment; viii) Promoting Sustainable
  Management of Natural Resources and Biodiversity; ix) Promoting the
  Sustainability of Freshwater Resources; x) Responding to Climate Change
  and addressing its impacts; xi) Promoting Sustainable Forest Management
  (SFM).
(e) Building the ASEAN Identity (4)
 i) Promotion of ASEAN awareness and a sense of
    community; ii) Preservation and promotion of ASEAN
    cultural heritage; iii) Promotion of Cultural Creativity
    and Industry; iv) Engagement with the community.
(f ) Narrowing the Development Gap
 Strengthen cooperation to reduce the development gap
  in particular the social dimensions of development
  between the ASEAN-6 and the CLMV countries and
  within ASEAN where some isolated pockets of under
  development persist.
 MDGs                       • Labour
   Sustainable Development • Rural Development and
   People-to-People Contact   Poverty
                               Eradication/Alleviation
   Culture
                             • Science and Technology
   Disaster Management      • Women
   Education                • Youth
 Environment
 Health
Asean and civil society organizations indonesia
 Adoption of the ASEAN Leaders’ Statement on Joint Response
  to Climate Change by 16th ASEAN Summit
 Setting up of the Sub-Regional Ministerial Steering
  Committee (MSC) on Transboundary Haze Pollution in the
  Mekong Sub-Region (MSC Mekong) . The initiative was
  endorsed by the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the
  ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in
  October 2010

 Implementation of the ASEAN Peatland Forests Project
  (APFP) to promote the sustainable management of peatlands
  in ASEAN to sustain local livelihoods, reduce the risk of fires
  and associated haze and contribute to global environmental
  management
 Adoption of a five-year AADMER Work Programme
 covering the period of 2010-2015 by ACDM on 20 May
 2010

 Conclusion of the draft Agreement on the
 Establishment of the ASEAN Coordinating Centre for
 Humanitarian Assistance on disaster management
 (AHA Centre)
  The Agreement on the Establishment of the AHA
 Centre will be signed by the Foreign Ministers of ASEAN
 at the sideline of the 18th ASEAN Summit in May 2011.
  Indonesia is ready to host the AHA Centre in Jakarta
 Inauguration of the ASEAN Commission on the
  Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women
  and Children (ACWC) on 7 April 2010 in Ha Noi.
 Adoption of the Ha Noi Declaration on the
  Enhancement of Welfare and Development of ASEAN
  Women and Children by the 17th ASEAN Summit
   to foster concerted efforts for the enhancement of
  the welfare and development of women and children
  in ASEAN.
 Establishment of the ASEAN Children’s Forum as a
  platform for children to voice their opinions on issues
  affecting them and recommend solutions to the
 Adoption of the ALMM’s Work Programme (2010-2015) at the
 21st ASEAN Labour Ministerial Meeting, May 2010
  The Work Programme sets strategies for AMS, either
 collectively or individually, to develop policies and
 mechanisms, allowing labour cooperation activities which
 will be undertaken over the next five years to remain effective
 and responsive to the various ASEAN challenges.
 Adoption of the Statement on Human Resources and Skills
 Development for Economic Recovery and Sustainable Growth
 at the 17th ASEAN Summit on 28 October 2010.
  to foster technical cooperation and capacity building
 activities, promote tripartite and public-private sector
 cooperation, enhance the quality and skills of workers in all
 AMS, and promote lifelong learning.
Improving the capability of AMS to prevent communicable diseases (i.e.
  emerging infectious diseases, HIV and AIDS and pandemic preparedness),
  enhancing food safety, improving maternal and child health, increasing
  access to health services, improving migrants’ health, pharmaceutical
  development, traditional medicine, and promoting healthy lifestyle (i.e.
  non-communicable disease and tobacco control)
   Major achievements:
(i) Enhancement of regional and national capacity in addressing Emerging
  Infectious Diseases: ASEAN Plus Three EID Programme phase II (January
  2007–June 2010)
(ii)Implementation  of various activities on multi-sectoral pandemic
  preparedness and response (PPR) involving both the health and the
  essential non-health service sectors since 2007
(iii)Completion of the Third ASEAN Work Programme on HIV and AIDS
  (AWP III) for 2006-2010
 Adoption of the ASEAN 5-Year Work Plan on Education
  (2011-2015). The Work Plan at the 6th Meeting of the
  ASEAN Education Ministers, Brunei Darussalam, 29
  January 2011
 The Work Plan serves as an analytical framework and
  pathway towards realizing the educational goals of the
  ASEAN Community by 2015.
 The WP covers four strategic priorities: (i) Promoting
  ASEAN awareness; (ii) Increasing access to and quality of
  primary and secondary education as well as education
  performance standards; (iii) Strengthening cross-border
  mobility and internationalization of Education; and (iv)
  Support for other ASEAN sectoral bodies with an interest
  in Education.
 Continues to     implement the Best of ASEAN
 Performing Arts Series in Jakarta
  Part of ASEAN’s effort to promote cultures and arts
 of AMS
  Cultural performances from Indonesia, Malaysia,
 Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, Viet Nam and Brunei
 Darussalam

 Continues to promote and showcase ASEAN cultures
 and arts to international community
  Signing of the Agreement on Cultural Cooperation
 between AMS and Russian Federation on 30 October
 2010
 Development of the work plans for six flagship
 programmes; Early Warning System for Disaster Risk
 Reduction; Biofuels; Open Source System; Functional
 Food; Climate Change and Health.

 Implementation of the Krabi Initiative 2010 adopted at
 the 6th Informal ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on S&T,
 Krabi, Thailand, 17 Dec 2010
  Puts equal importance to ‘Innovation’ as it does on
 Science and Technology cooperation
Indonesia placed emphasis on a caring society and people-centered ASEAN:


 Launched the ASEAN Coordinating Center for Humanitarian Assistance on
  disaster management (AHA Center)
 Convened a special ASEAN-Japan Ministerial Meeting in response to the
  calamity.
 Resumed the dialogue between the Heads of State/Government of ASEAN
  with civil society organizations (CSO) (Convening the CSO Forum)
 Concluded various agreement on youth and sports, women’s and children
  rights, migrant workers, emerging contagious diseases, the diversity of
  ASEAN people
 Held several activities and programs that involved various segments of
  society (ASEAN Fair, ASEAN anniversary celebration, ASEAN Culinary
  Festival, ASEAN Youth Cultural Exchange Festival and the launching of
  ASEAN Bloggers forum )
 TheFirst ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Women
 (AMMW)

 Adoption of the Vientiane Declaration on Enhancing
 Gender Perspective and ASEAN Women’s Partnership for
 Environmental Sustainability at the First AMMW

 The First ASEAN GO-NGO Forum on RDPE

 The First ASEAN Plus Three Education Ministers Meeting

 The First East Asia Summit Education Ministers Meeting
 Natural Disasters

 Cultural Diversity

 Gender Discrimination

 Climate Change

 Health and Education

 Migrant Workers



                          41
Challenges                         What ASEAN has accomplished…
Natural Disasters    • ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER)
                     • ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management (ACDM)
                     • ASEAN Coordination Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on Disaster Management
                       (AHA Centre)


Cultural Diversity   • Declaration on ASEAN Unity in Cultural Diversity: Towards Strengthening ASEAN
                       Community
Gender               • ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Women
Discrimination       • ASEAN Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and
                       Children
                     • Vientiane Declaration on Enhancing Gender Perspective and ASEAN Women’s
                       Partnership for Environmental Sustainability
                     • ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and
                       Children (ACWC) Work Plan (2012-2016)
Climate Change       • ASEAN Leaders’ Statement on Climate Change to the 17th Session of the Parties to
                       COP17 and the 7th Session CMP7

Health and           • ASEAN Curricullum Sourcebook
Education            • ASEAN 5-Year Work Plan on Education (WPE) (2011-2015)
                     • ASEAN Declaration of Commitment: Getting to Zero New HIV Infections, Zero
                       Discrimination, Zero AIDS-related Deaths
Migrant Workers      • Cebu Declaration on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers
                       (ACMW)                                                                          42
Global Issues : ASEAN Part of Solutions

                                                                       UN Peacekeeping
                                                                       Operations
                                                                                Military
                                                                                Expert
                                                           Country     Police            Troops   Total
                                                                                  on
                                                                                Mission
  Climate            Human             Humanitarian
                                                            Brunei
  Change             Rights            Assistance in       Darussal                       19       19
                                                             am
  • REDD             • Establishment   Disaster Relief
                                                           Cambodi
                                                                                  5       270     275
  • Coral Triangle     AICHR           • ASEAN-UN             a

  • Heart of         • Establishment     Disaster Relief   Indonesia    154       33     1,958    1,785

    Borneo             of ACWC           Post Cyclone      Lao PDR
                     • ASEAN             Nargis            Malaysia     256       54      831     1,141
                       Human           • AHA Centre in     Myanmar
                       Rights            Jakarta             The
                                                           Philippin    293       22      626     941
                                       • ARF DiRex            es
                                                           Singapor
                                                                        21        2                23
                                                               e
                                                           Thailand     36        14      422     472
                                                           Viet Nam
                                                            ASEAN       760      130     3,766    4,656

                                                              Source: UN Peacekeeping
engagement with ASEAN..
“…the people are now slowly but surely gaining a
stronger and clearer voice. And that voice speaks of
   many aspirations: of peace and prosperity, of a
  reliable future for themselves and their family, of
freedom and democracy, of human rights and good
       governance, and of transparency and the
             accountability of leaders.”….

     “Let us listen to that voice—
 encourage it to speak loud and clear.”

          H.E. Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of the Republic of Indonesia
           on the occasion of the 38th Anniversary of ASEAN, Jakarta, 8 August 2005
1997 : ASEAN Vision 2020
  A Community of Caring Societies
 vibrant and open ASEAN societies enjoy equitable access to
  opportunities for total human development
 a socially cohesive and caring ASEAN , where the civil society is
  empowered and gives special attention to the disadvantaged, disabled
  and marginalized and where social justice and the rule of law reign.
 our nations being governed with the consent and greater participation
  of the people with its focus on the welfare and dignity of the human
  person and the good of the community.

The word "community" has taken on a special meaning in ASEAN. It has
come to mean not only a sharing of purposes and resources but also a
sharing of values. It entails the cultivation of a "we-feeling" based on
those values.
ASEAN and Civil Society Organizations
ASEAN Charter:
 To promote a people-oriented ASEAN in which all
  sectors of society are encouraged to participate in, and
  benefit from, the process of ASEAN integration and
  community building (Article 1)
 ASEAN may engage with entities which support the
  ASEAN Charter, in particular its purposes and principles.
  (Article 16)

ASEAN emphasis on sharing and shaping of norms, to
include democracy, good governance, human rights,
fundamental freedoms
 CSO is a non-profit organisation of ASEAN entities, natural or
  juridical, that promotes, strengthens and helps realise the aims and
  objectives of the ASEAN Community and its three Pillars – the
  ASEAN Political-Security Community, the ASEAN Economic
  Community and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community.

Why accreditation with ASEAN?
 Drawing the CSOs into the mainstream of ASEAN activities to be
  kept informed of major policies, directives and decisions of ASEAN
 Opportunity and the privilege of participating in ASEAN activities
 Ensure interaction and fruitful relationships between the existing
  ASEAN bodies and the CSOs
 Help promote the development of a people-oriented ASEAN
  Community
CSOs’ Functions/Roles

 educate citizens and raise awareness for greater popular
    participation
   provide services to poor and marginalized
   monitor and counter-balance against abuses by the state
   mobilize financial and social resources for development
   help introduce: innovation, accountability, responsiveness,
    participation, sustainability
   voice social critics, reform proponents
CSOs’ Roles in ASEAN Community

 Southeast Asian CSOs have formed networks and
  forums to advocate regional concerns and interests
  vis-a-vis ASEAN
 Provide expert inputs for regional policymakers
 Mobilize social resources for implementation of
  ASEAN programs
 Engage in different areas of community building
Towards the APSC, CSOs’ can…

 help promote popular participation,

 fight corruption in government;

 educate people about human rights, rule of law,

 build support for peaceful conflict resolution,

 cooperate with government to reduce transnational

 crime, trafficking in drugs and human beings, as
 well as extremism.
Towards AEC, CSOs’ can…

 help sectors that are disadvantaged by integration

 and liberalization policies ;

 ensure that free flow of labor does not lead to

 exploitation of migrants or human rights abuses;

 see to it that economic growth is not attained at the

 expense of human development or the environment
Towards ASCC, CSOs’ can…
 help to close the development gap within ASEAN through
  mutual assistance and cooperation
 help build to build an ASEAN identity
 build regional cooperation networks to improve services for
  the poor, illiterate, sick, and other vulnerable sectors
 promote gender, ethnic, racial, religious, and other forms of
  equality
 cooperate for development of human resources through
  training, education, technological assistance
 regional initiatives in disaster relief
 promote people to people linkages including youth, media,
  NGOs
The Networks
Major networks thus far are:
 ASEAN-ISIS (ASEAN-Institutes for Strategic and
  International Studies think tanks)
   a group of leading strategic studies institutes from across the
  ASEAN region engaged in Track 2 diplomacy
 APA (ASEAN People’s Assembly)
  a Track 2 initiative of ASEAN-ISIS
 SAPA (Solidarity for Asian People’s Advocacy)
  a joint platform for advocacy of regional and national civil society
  organizations that do joint strategizing and action in engaging
  the ASEAN)
 ASEAN Civil Society Conference
 ASEAN People’s Forum
Year   Place             The Name of the Event
2005   Shah Alam,        1st ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)
       Malaysia
2006   Cebu, the         2nd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)
       Philippines
2007   Singapore         3rd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)
2009   Bangkok,          4th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ 1st ASEAN Peoples’
       Thailand          Forum (APF)
2009   Hua Hin,          5th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/2nd ASEAN Peoples’
       Thailand          Forum (APF)
2010   Hanoi, Vietnam    6th ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF)
2011   Jakarta, Indonesia ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum
                          (APF) 2011
2012   Phnom Penh,       ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum
       Cambodia          (APF) 2012 – March & November
2013   Brunei            ?
2014   Myanmar           ?
Name                               frequent   Engaging the body
ACSC/APF                           annually   ASEAN SUMMIT                    Head of
                                                                              States/Governments
ASEAN Disability Forum (ADF)       annually

ASEAN Youth Forum                  annually
ASEAN Grass-root People Assembly   annually

ASEAN Community Dialogue           annually   ASEAN Committee Permanent       CPR
                                              Representatives (CPR)

Civil Society Forum to AMM on      annually   ASEAN Ministers Meeting         Foreign Ministers
human rights                                  (AMM)
Informal Dialogue between CSO      annually   ASEAN Secretary General (ASG)   Secretary General
and ASG
Jakarta Human Rights Dialogue in   annually   ASEAN Human Rights              AICHR, ACWC
ASEAN                                         Mechanisms
GO-NGO Forum on Social Welfare     annually   ASEAN Senior Official Meeting   SOM officials
& Development                                 on SWD
The Challenges…


 More room for improvement in terms of
    management
   Many still need independent and sustainable
    financial support
   Fragmented and hold different views regarding
    various issues
   Exist in all countries of ASEAN, but are less
    developed or influential in some than in others
   The roles in society and influence on government
    depends on nature of the political and social system
The development of ASEAN Community
      must continue to involve all
   stakeholders in the region. ASEAN
 Community must be driven by people-
 oriented, people-centered, and people-
                driven.


  (H.E. Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of the
Republic of Indonesia, at the Opening Ceremony of the 19th
              ASEAN Summit-November 2011)
Asean and civil society organizations indonesia
 ASEAN Charter
 Roadmap for an ASEAN Community 2009-2015
 ASEAN Vision 2020
 Guidelines on Accreditation of Civil Society Organisations
  (CSOs)
 "On Building the ASEAN Community: The Democratic
  Aspect“, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, 2005
 Advanced Workshop on ASEAN Studies Teaching for
  lecturers, 2012 (AUN)
 Understanding ASEAN: Its Way of Working, Structure &
  Engagement with Civil Society (Yuyun Wahyuningrum)
Asean and civil society organizations indonesia
Proportion of people living on less than $1.25 / day fell to 17% in
2008 from 45% in 1990.                                                                          62
                                Source: UN MDG Report; ASEAN Statistical Report; HIV/AIDS Regional Report
Net enrolment rate for children of    • ASEAN Community awareness and
                                        the sense of belonging
primary school age rose from 92% in   • Education gaps
1999 to 95% in 2010.                  • Limited resources
                                                                    63
Since 1995, there has been only a slight improvement in the ratio of girls to boys in
primary education. There are 96 girls for every 100 boys who are attending primary
education in 2010.

In 1990, only 87 girls were enrolled in secondary education for every 100 boys who were
enrolled in secondary education. In 2010, girls and boys have almost equal opportunities
in attending secondary education, with the boys at a slight advantage. For every 100 boys
                                                                                        64
attending secondary schools, there are 98 girls who are also attending secondary schools.
 Under-five mortality rate declined from 80 to 35 deaths per 1,000
  live births;
 Infant mortality rate declined from 59 to 27 deaths per 1,000 live
  births (from 1990 to 2010 trend)                                     65
Maternal mortality ratio improved from 370 to 161 maternal deaths per
100.000 live births (women aged 15-49) (from 1990 to 2010 trend)

                                                                        66
HIV incidence and prevalence is substantially lower in Southeast Asia than in
other regions. Increases are seen among population with higher risk-taking
behaviors.

MALARIA incidence has declined from 755 to 198 per 100,000 population from
1990 to 2010

Number of new TUBERCULOSIS cases per 100,000 population decreased
                                                                67
from    166 in 1990 to 140 in 2010.
Sixty five out of every one hundred persons in the ASEAN region have
access to improved drinking water. This is significant improvement over
the 56 percent posted in 1995.
In 1990, thirty seven out of the total population in the seven countries
have access to improved sanitation facility. Twenty years later, this has
gone up to                                                               68
70 percent.
ASEAN in World’s Economy
ASEAN Economy remains strong and signaled its resilience from the global crisis
with high growth and stable inflation.
                                                        GDP Growth (%)                    Inflation (%)

                                                        2010        2011        2012    2010     2011     2012
                            Brunei                       2.6         1.9        3.2     0.4      2.0      1.6
                            Indonesia                    6.2         6.5        6.4      5.1     3.8      4.5
            ASEAN-6         Malaysia                     7.2          5.1       4.4     1.7      3.2      2.7
                            Philippines                  7.6         3.7        4.2     3.8      3.8      4.1
                            Singapore                   14.8         4.9        2.7     2.8      5.2      3.5
                            Thailand                     7.8         0.1        5.5     3.3      3.8      3.9
                            Cambodia                     6.0         6.1        6.2     4.0      5.5       4.0
             ASEAN-         Lao PDR                      7.9         8.3        8.4     6.0      8.7       6.7
              CLMV          Myanmar                      5.3         5.5        6.0     8.2      4.2       5.8
                            Vietnam                      6.8         5.9        5.6     9.2     18.7      12.6

                            China                        10.4        9.2         8.2     3.3      5.4      3.3
                            Japan                         4.4       -0.7         2.0    -0.7     -0.3      0.0
           The World        S. Korea                      6.3        3.6         3.5     2.9      4.0      3.4
                            India                        10.6        7.2         6.9    12.0      8.6      8.2
                            USA                           3.0        1.7          2.1    1.6       3.1      2.1
    69                      Euro Area                     1.9        1.4        -0.3     1.6      2.7      1.9
 Sumber: IMF, World Economic Outlook (April 2012) and Fiscal Monitor (April, 2012)
ASEAN Trade Performance: Diversion or Creation?                                                             70
ASEAN intra-trade is increasing while still preserving non-ASEAN trading partners.
Increasing role of China, Korea dan India as ASEAN trading partners further complement
traditional trading partner of ASEAN such as USA, Japan, EU, and Australia.
                                     1998       2000     2003    2008      2009    2010
               • Value (US$ billion)            576.1       759.1       824.5     1,897,1    1,536.9   2,045.7
               • Growth (%, yoy)                -17.8        21.8        15.5        17.8      -19.0      33.1
 ASEAN         • Trade to GDP (%)               119.3       126.5       114.2       125.4      102.2     110.1
 Total
 Trade         • Export to GDP (%)               65.6        68.3        62.7        64.6       53.9      57.8
               • Import to GDP (%)               53.7        58.1        51.5        60.8       48.3      52.4
               • Value (US$ billion)            120.9       166.8       206.7       470.1      376.2     519.8
 Intra         • Growth (%, yoy)                -19.4        25.8        29.3        17.0      -20.0      38.2
 ASEAN
 Trade         • Share to Total Trade (%)        21.0        22.0        25.1        24.8       24.5      25.4
               • Value (US$ billion)            455.2       592.3       617.8    1,427.0     1,160.7   1,525.9
 Extra         • Growth (%, yoy)                -17.0        20.7        18.0       18.0       -18.7      31.5
 ASEAN
 Trade         • Share to Total Trade (%)        79.0        78.0        75.2       75.2        75.5      74.6
               • China                            3.5         4.3         7.2        10.4      11.6      11.3
 Major         • Euro Area                       14.5        13.5        12.3        11.0      11.2      10.2
 Trading
 Partners      • Japan                           14.1        15.3        13.8        11.3      10.5      10.1
               • USA                             20.1        16.1        14.3         9.8       9.7       9.1
 (% of Total   • South Korea                      3.0         3.9         4.1         4.1       4.9       4.8
 Trade)
               • India                            1.2         1.3         1.5         2.6       2.5       2.7
               • Australia                        2.2         2.3         2.3         2.8       2.9       2.7
Sumber: ASEAN Economic Community in Figures (ACIF) 2011 (ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012)
ASEAN Trade Performances: Increasing Role of ASEAN+3                                                                    71
Trade has become a key factor in GDP growth in almost all ASEAN countries. ASEAN Intra
trade is distributed almost equally between ASEAN 6 and Vietnam. Trade with China, Japan
and Korea play major role with more than 50% of total ASEAN trade. While EU and USA
remain as important trading partners.

                    Total Trade in 2010                          ASEAN+3                         Other Major Partners
                                                                 (% share)                            (% share)
                   US $      %        %          Intra   China    Japan      Korea    Total   Euro   USA    India   Aus-
                   Bill     GDP     ASEAN       ASEAN                                                               tralia
                                    Trade
ASEAN-6          1,861.9    110.2     91.0        25.9    10.8      10.2       4.6     51.5   10.2    8.9     2.9       3.0
• Brunei            11.0     88.7         0.5     20.9     6.4      36.2      13.6     77.3    2.5    2.3     4.6       8.6
• Indonesia        293.4     41.4     14.3        27.4    11.1      14.2       6.8     59.5    8.7    7.5     4.4       2.8
• Malaysia         363.5    152.2     17.8        26.2    12.6      11.4       4.5     54.7   10.5   10.0     2.5       2.9
• Philippines      109.7    109.7         5.4     25.4     9.7      13.8       5.7     54.5   10.6   12.6     0.9       1.1
• Singapore        699.3    313.6     34.2        27.2    10.0       5.9       4.6     47.7   10.5    8.3     3.2       2.3
• Thailand         385.0    120.8     18.8        22.5    10.8      12.0       2.2     47.5   10.6    9.3     2.1       4.6
CMLV               183.8    109.2         9.0     37.4    16.7       9.5       7.3     53.8   10.3   11.1     0.7       0.3
• Cambodia          10.5     93.8         0.5      2.4    11.5       1.9       2.9     39.1   10.3   19.4     0.6       0.4
• Myanmar             4.5    69.3         0.2      2.6    13.3       2.2         --    73.2    4.4   12.6     0.2       7.8
• Lao PDR           11.8     27.4         0.6      5.7    13.6       3.4       3.4     68.6    1.4    0.3     9.6       0.7
• Vietnam          157.0    145.8         7.7     26.7    17.3      10.6       8.1     53.1   11.2   11.3      --        --
ASEAN            2,045.7    110.1      100        25.4    11.3      10.1       4.8     51.7   10.2    9.1     2.7       2.7
Source: ASEAN Economic Community in Figures (ACIF) 2011 (ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012)
Intra ASEAN Trade                                                                                               72
 Commodities

  HS                                     Value    Share      HS                                     Value    Share
 Code      EXPORT COMMODITIES           (US$ B)    (%)      Code       IMPORT COMMODITIES          (US$ B)    (%)
 8542    Electronic circuits               97.6     9.1     8542    Electronic circuits               92.8     9.5
 2710    Petroleum oils, not crude         61.9     5.8     2710    Petroleum oils, not crude         82.6     8.5
 8471    EDP machines, optical, etc        40.8     2.8     2709    Crude petroleum oils              31.7     3.3
 2711    Petroleum gases                   34.1     3.2     8471    EDP machines, optical, etc        20.6     2.1
 2709    Crude petroleum oils              28.7     2.7     8473    Parts, computers & off            17.7     2.1
                                                                    machines
 8473    Parts, computers & off            26.6     2.5     8517    Electric appliances for line      12.7     1.8
         machines                                                   telephony
 1511    Palm oil & its fraction           26.1     2.4     7108    Gold                              12.2     1.3
 4001    Natural rubber                    20.5     1.9     8703    Motor cars for passengers         11.1     1.3
 2701    Coals                             19.8     1.9     8708    Motor vehicles, parts & acc       10.2     1.1
 8541    Diodes/transistor &               17.1     1.6     8541    Diodes/transistor &                8.0     1.0
         semiconductor                                              semiconductor
 8443    Printing machinery                12.9     1.2     8443    Printing machinery                 7.7     0.8
 7108    Gold                              11.5     1.1     8529    Parts for televisions              7.6     0.8
 8708    Motor vehicles, parts & acc       10.1     0.9     8704    Motor vehicles for transport       7.4     0.8
 8517    Electric appliances for line       9.8     0.9     4001    Natural rubber                     7.1     0.8
         telephony
 8528    TV receivers, video monitors      8.6      0.8     8802 Aircrafts, satellite                 6.9      0.7
 TOP 15 Export Commodities               426.4     39.9     TOP 15 Import Commodities               350.0     35.9
 Others                                  644.5     60.1     Others                                  624.7     64.1
Source: ASEAN Economic Community in Figures (ACIF) 2011 (ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012)
Foreign Direct Investment ASEAN                                                                              73

EU is still main investor in ASEAN, while Singapore as the first destination followed by
Indonesia
                                            2006        2007        2008        2009         2010       2010
                                                                                                      (% share)
              • Value (US$ billion)           56.64       75.65       47.07       38.26       78.21
 ASEAN        • Intra ASEAN share (%)          13.9        12.7        20.1        13.8        16.1
 Total FDI    • Rest of World share (%)        83.3        86.0        79.3        86.2        83.9
 Inflows
              • ASEAN-6 share (%)              93.8        88.6        75.4        75.4        87.4
              • CLMV share (%)                  6.2        11.4        24.6        24.6        12.5
              • Brunei                         0.43        0.26        0.24        0.37        0.62         0.8
 By Host      • Cambodia                       0.48        0.86        0.81        0.53        0.78         1.0
 Country      • Indonesia                      4.91        6.93        9.32        4.88       13.30        17.5
              • Lao PDR                        0.18        0.32        0.22        0.32        0.33         0.4
              • Malaysia                       6.07        8.54        7.24        1.38        9.15        12.0
              • Myanmar                        0.42        0.71        0.97        0.96        0.45         0.6
    (US $
   Billion)   • Philippines                    2.92        2.92        1.54        1.96        1.71         2.2
              • Singapore                     29.35       37.03        8.59       15.27       35.52        46.6
              • Thailand                       9.46       11.33        8.53        4.97        6.32         8.3
              • Vietnam                        2.40        6.74        9.58        7.60        8.00        10.5
              • Intra ASEAN                    7.87        9.62        9.45        5.27       12.28        16.1
 By Source    • Euro Area                     13.38       18.61        7.01        9.13       17.06        22.4
 Country      • USA                            3.04        8.34        3.51        4.08        8.57        11.3
              • Japan                         10.41        8.84        4.13        3.76        8.38        11.0
    (US $     • China                          1.03        1.74        1.87        4.15        2.86         3.8
   Billion)   • South Korea                    1.25        2.71        1.59        1.34        3.77         4.9
              • India                             --       1.45        0.54        0.81        2.58         3.4
              • Australia                      0.46        1.49        0.78        0.77        1.76         2.3

Source: ASEAN Economic Community in Figures (ACIF) 2011 (ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012)
Progress towards AEC
ASEAN/State   Phase 1         Phase 2         Phase 3
              2008-2009 (%)   2010-2011 (%)   2012-2013 (%)
ASEAN         87,6            67,4            70,5
Brunei        95,41           77,9            75,5
Cambodia      95,33           77,4            76,6
Indonesia     89,91           75,8            82
Lao PDR       95,28           74,6            81,3
Malaysia      93,64           81,8            84,3
Myanmar       94,39           76,9            81,3
Philippines   94,55           77,1            76,9
Singapore     96,3            82,2            84
Thailand      94,55           79,4            84,6
Vietnam       95,37           79,4            79,6
Asean and civil society organizations indonesia
YUYUN WAHYUNINGRUM|Senior Advisor on ASEAN and
  Human Rights | Human Rights Working Group (HRWG)
                  Indonesia wahyuningrum@gmail.com
 1993 FMs agreed that ASEAN should consider the
  establishment of an appropriate regional mechanism on
  human rights
 1995 Establishment of the Working Group on ASEAN
  Human Rights Mechanism (WG)
 1996 First meeting between WG and ASEAN SOM
 Establishment of NHRIs in Philippines 1987, Indonesia
  1993, Thailand 1998 and Malaysia 1999
 2004 Adoption of VAP with action programs relating to
  human rights
 2007 Signing of Declaration of Cooperation among the 4
  NHRIs
 2007 Signing of the ASEAN Charter, Article 14: AHRB
 History of civil society engagement with ASEAN. It
  is a journey of believing that engagement can make
  change.
 History of interaction between national and
  international efforts and dialogue on human rights.
 History of national political opening contribute to
  the political space at regional level.
 Journey of believing that a human rights
  commission can be created in context of the region
  with no respect of values of democracy and human
  rights.
The 3Cs in Human Rights
 Architecture

                  ASEAN Human Rights Systems




Conventions:                                       ASEAN Human
                   Commission/Committee
  Norms/                                           Rights Court??
Instruments

               ACWC        AICHR
                2010        2009               ACMW
                                                2008
AICHR                                      ACWC
 Created based on Article 14, Charter    Created based on SC Blueprint
 Established: 23 Oct 2009                Established: 7 April 2010
                                          20 Representatives (Women
 10 Representatives
                                           Rights and Child Rights)
 14 Mandates                             16 Mandates

 No individual complaint                 No individual complaint
 Provide advises to ASEAN sectorial      Provide advises to ASEAN
  government upon request                  sectorial government upon
                                           request
 Can obtain information on HR            Consult CS, women, children
  issues from Member States               Advocate on behalf of women
 Consult stakeholders                     and children & encourage
 Submit Annual Report                     ASEAN Member States to
                                           improve their situation
                                          Submit Annual Report
non-
               interference

    inter-
                              evolutionary
governmental
                               approach
     body




consultative                  consultation


               consensus
AICHR & ACWC are part of ASEAN    AICHR reports to Foreign
               organs                    Ministers
AICHR & ACWC work based on TOR,
        RoP, and Work Plan         ACWC reports to ASEAN
   AICHR & ACWC members are       Ministers Meeting on Social
    representing the government
                                  Welfare and Development



 AICHR is an overarching body     AICHR has standard setting
      on human rights               mandate: Declaration,
                                        Conventions
ACWC is specialized body on the   ACWC can speak on behalf of
 rights of women and children      women, children, victims
                                                                83
 Mandated by the ASEAN Socio-Cultural
  Blueprint
 2007 Jan ASEAN Declaration on the protection
  and promotion of the rights of migrant workers
  (ASEAN Summit/AMM)
 2007 July ASEAN Statement of the
  establishment of the ASEAN Committee on the
  implementation of the ASEAN Declaration
 2007 October formation of the ACMW
  (ALMM/SLOM)
 2008 October names of ACMW focal points
Migrant
    Children              Women                 Trafficking
                                                                             workers
• Declaration on      • Declaration on       • 1997 ASEAN               • ASEAN Declaration
  Commitments on        the Elimination of     Transnational Crime        on the Protection and
  for Children in       Violence Against     • ASEAN Declaration          Promotion of the
                                               Against Trafficking in     Rights of Migrant
  ASEAN (August         Women in the                                      Workers 13 January
                                               Persons Particularly
  2001)                 ASEAN Region; 30       Women and Children;        2007, Cebu,
• Ha Noi                June 2004              29 November 2004           Philippines
  Declaration on      • Ha Noi               • ASEAN Practitioner
  The Enhancement       Declaration on         Guidelines on
  of Welfare and        The Enhancement        Effective Criminal
  Development of        of Welfare and         Justice Responses to
  ASEAN Women           Development of         Trafficking in Persons
                                               (2007)
  and Children ; 28     ASEAN Women
                                             • Leaders Joint
  Oct 2010              and Children ; 28      Statements on TIPs
                        October 2010           in Southeast Asia,
                                               May 2011.
• Article 4.2 of the TOR
  AICHR: “to develop an
  ASEAN Human Rights
  Declaration with a view to
  establishing a framework for
  human rights cooperation
                                   ASEAN         Terms of     ASEAN        Conventions
  through various ASEAN            Charter,     Reference                   on Human
                                                            Declaration
  conventions and other           Article 14,   on AICHR,   on Human         Rights in
  instruments dealing with          2008           2009     Rights, 2012     ASEAN?
  human rights”
• Is adopted on 18 November
  2012, during the 21st ASEAN
  Summit
• Is the effort to universalize
  human rights at the regional
  level, or regionalize the
  universal political
  commitment of human
  rights
 PHNOM PENH STATEMENT with signatures of
  ASEAN Leaders, Article 3:
 “REAFFIRM further our commitment to ensure that
  the implementationof the AHRD be in accordance
  with Our commitment with the Charter of the United
  Nation, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
  The Vienna Declaration and its Prograam of Action,
  and other international human rihts instrument to
  which ASEAN Members Sttes are parties,as well as
  relevant ASEAN declarations and instruments
  pertaining to human rights”
WEAK PART OF THE DECLARATION:
1. The balance between Rights & Responsibilities. The enjoyment
   of human rights and fundamental freedoms must be balanced with
   the duties of individuals, the community and the society where one
   lives
2. National and Regional particularities. The realisation of human
   rights must be considered in the regional and national context …
3. Limitation of Rights. The exercise of human rights and
   fundamental freedoms shall be subject only to such limitations …
   and to meet the just requirements of national security, public
   order, public health, public safety, public morality, …
4. Erasure of Freedom of Association
 Article 9: …. The process of such realisation shall take into
    account peoples’ participation, inclusivity and the need for
    accountability.
   Article 22: ... All forms of intolerance, discrimination and
    incitement of hatred based on religion and beliefs shall be
    eliminated.
   Article 27 (3) …Those who employ children and young
    people in work harmful to their morals or health, dangerous
    to life, or likely to hamper their normal development,
    including their education should be punished by law.
   Article 36: …ASEAN Member States should adopt
    meaningful people-oriented and gender responsive
    development programmes aimed at poverty alleviation
    Total erasure on the section on duties and responsibilities
 The content of AHRD is a reflection of difficult negotiation
  between two extreme position on human rights and
  democracy in ASEAN
 AHRD starts with REAFFIRMATION of state’s
  international obligation to human rights, and ends with the
  recognition of non-derogable rights. But the general
  principles of AHRD are not inline with international
  human rights standards.
 The process had been closed for civil society. Two
  consultations with CSOs were conducted and two
  consultations with ASEAN sectoral bodies without sharing
  the working draft
 Public only know the final draft after the adoption, Nov 18,
  2012
Disappointed
but continue        Ignore
 to engage




           Reject
 AHRD is a political document with the context of democratic
    deficits in ASEAN
   The challenge is now how to make AHRD promote reform in
    domestic politics & how to use AHRD to make ASEAN function
    as a ruled-based organization
   We should not be idealistically naive, but rather more tactical
    and strategic when dealing with ASEAN. We know how the game
    is played or unfairly played, so let us play it well
   Let us look at the declaration as a means to an end, a living
    evolving document.
   Many international law and standards including in the field of
    human rights continue to expand with time as cultural norms
    evolved. New demands would be made for legal instrument to
    keep up with the development
 ACCOUNTABILITY EXERCISE:
   We are of the opinion that AICHR should not rush to draft
      any convention on human rights. Not now, maybe in next 10-
      115 years
     Annual Report on Human Rights in ASEAN
     Put all mandates of AICHR, especially Article 4.10 of AICHR
      to obtain information from Member States into reality by
      using AHRD
     Put Mandate Article 4.Monitor ASEAN Ministerial Meeting
      proceeding to what extent AHRD has been used to bring
      human rights issues on the table (using its Joint
      Communique)
     Review TOR AICHR in 2014
 It is the time when we can work together to make
  AICHR as an INDEPENDENT HUMAN RIGHTS
  MECHANISM by changing the selection process of
  AICHR
 To make AICHR accessible by pushing the body to
  finalize a democratic guideline on engaging civil
  society, including receiving complaints on human
  rights and sharing information topublic
 To make AICHR a responsive body by changing its
  mandate to be be able to respond the issues by having
  a fact-finding mission, investigation
3rd Consultation    Annual Report
                      in Jakarta, July     of AICHR
                           2009           Performance
        2nd
   Consultation in                                         Monitoring &
   Kuala Lumpur,                                          Pressure for the
    March 2009                                           implementation
                                                          of TOR AICHR


1st Consultation
in Manila, Sept               TOR                          Review 2014?
      2008
                             AICHR
July 2008
 HLP was      Protection   Promotion
established     of HRs       of HRs
 Dec 2008,
   First
Submission

 July 2009
   Final
Submission

 Oct 2009
 Launched
TOR AICHR

2014 Review
   TOR
 Objective of the Review: to strengthen the mandate and
  functions of the AICHR in order to further develop mechanisms
  on both the protection and promotion of human rights.
   Indicator 1: Has AICHR provide an ASEAN’s commitment to pursue
      forward-looking strategies to strengthen regional cooperation
      on human rights?
     Indicator 2: Has AICHR serve as a vehicle for progressive social
      development and justice, the full realization of human dignity and
      the attainment of a higher quality of life for ASEAN peoples?
     Indicator 3: Has AICHR receive full support and provision of
      adequate resources by ASEAN Member States?
     Indicator 4: Has AICHR acknowledge contribution of
      stakeholders in the promotion and protection of human rights in
      ASEAN, and encourage their continuing engagement and dialogue
      with the AICHR?
     Indicator 5: Has ASEAN cooperation on human rights support the
      evolution of AICHR as an overarching institution?
Asean and civil society organizations indonesia
Since the adoption of ASEAN Charter in 2008,
much was said about engaging civil society,
respecting human rights, promoting democracy
and about good governance in ASEAN’s high-
level statements and documents.
2006’S GUIDELINE                            2012’S GUIDELINE
                                             Generally better than the
   Member states are still in control of     2006’s
    deciding who can in and who
    cannot                                   As a general rule, only a CSO
   The participation is perceived as
                                              whose membership is confined
    privilege                                 to ASEAN nationals may be
                                              considered for accreditation
   The participation is not understood       with ASEAN;
    as RIGHT. It is more like “stick” and
    “carrot”                                 Approval of application for
   The affiliation is used as a way to       accreditation of a CSO with
    control                                   ASEAN shall be based
   The affiliation to ASEAN is a             primarily upon the assessment
    political issue rather than a only        of the positive contribution
    administrative requirement                which such a CSO could make
   CSOs are not seen as partners in          to the enhancement,
    developing ASEAN Community                strengthening and realisation
                                              of the aims and objectives of
                                              ASEAN
AICHR                                       ACWC
 AICHR only want to meet with those          Started with Informal Dinner (2011),
    who are affiliated with the ASEAN            Informal Session (2011), Joint-
    Charter
                                                 Workshop (2012), Formal Session
                                                 (2012)
   The newly adopted AICHR Guideline           Informal Session: 9 out of 20 Reps
    of Operation silent on CS                    attended
    engagement                                  Informal Session: 16 out 20 Reps
   Two consultations o AHRD: June 22,           attended
    and Sept 12                                 Joint-Workshop: 18 out of 20 Reps
                                                 attended
   Consultation only happen in                 Formal Session: 20 Reps attended
    Indonesia, Thailand and the                 Good Result, Good process,
    Philippines                                  substantive discussion, cordial
   CS continue to submit inputs,                ambiance
    reports, papers to AICHR                    Inputs from CS have been included in
   CS is a sensitive issue in AICHR, but        the reference documents of the ACWC
                                                The initial suggestion to erase civil
    during their visit to US, they met US-       society” & international standards” in
    based CSOs                                   TOR ACWC has been put down
                                                ACWC uses inputs from CS in
                                                 formulating their positions
Year   Place             The Name of the Event
2005   Shah Alam,        1st ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)
       Malaysia
2006   Cebu, the         2nd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)
       Philippines
2007   Singapore         3rd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)
2009   Bangkok,          4th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ 1st ASEAN Peoples’
       Thailand          Forum (APF)
2009   Hua Hin,          5th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/2nd ASEAN Peoples’
       Thailand          Forum (APF)
2010   Hanoi, Vietnam    6th ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF)
2011   Jakarta, Indonesia ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum
                          (APF) 2011
2012   Phnom Penh,       ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum
       Cambodia          (APF) 2012 – March & November
2013   Brunei            ?
2014   Myanmar           ?
ASEAN’s Alternative Regionalism
                        (Source: HRWG Study, 2011)

• Particularly:                                                  •   Democracy
  Women & Youth,                                                 •   Human Rights
  Indigenous People /                                            •   Transparency
  Ethnic Minority,
                                                                 •   Accountability
  and CSOs

                               CSO           Adoption of
                         Participation in       Basic
                            Decision
                                              Universal
                         Making Process
                             (1,2,3,6,7)    Values (3,4,5,6,7)


                           Holistic -       Adoption of
                         rights-based       UN Bodies’
                         approach on          related
                         Development        Conventions
                            (1,2,4,5,6,7)       (1,2,4,5,6,7)
• Against unjust                                                 • Mainly: ILO,
  FTA, privatization,                                              UNFCCC, CEDAW,
• Reject neoliberal                                                UNCRC, UNDRIP,
  economic policies                                                &MDGs
Name                               frequent   Engaging the body
ACSC/APF                           annually   ASEAN SUMMIT                    Head of
                                                                              States/Governments
ASEAN Disability Forum (ADF)       annually

ASEAN Youth Forum                  annually
ASEAN Grass-root People Assembly   annually

ASEAN Community Dialogue           annually   ASEAN Committee Permanent       CPR
                                              Representatives (CPR)

Civil Society Forum to AMM on      annually   ASEAN Ministers Meeting         Foreign Ministers
human rights                                  (AMM)
Informal Dialogue between CSO      annually   ASEAN Secretary General (ASG)   Secretary General
and ASG
Jakarta Human Rights Dialogue in   annually   ASEAN Human Rights              AICHR, ACWC
ASEAN                                         Mechanisms
GO-NGO Forum on Social Welfare     annually   ASEAN Senior Official Meeting   SOM officials
& Development                                 on SWD
Year       ACSC/APF Process (Track III/CS)     ASEAN ISIS Process (Track II/Think
                                               Tank)

2005,      1st ACSC/ ASEAN Civil Society
Malaysi    Conference in Shah Alam
a          15 Minute Meeting
           Mixed Delegation of 10 and 10
           ASEAN Heads of State

2006,      2nd ACSC                            APA/ASEAN Peoples’ Assembly by ASEAN
Philippi   No Interface Meeting with Leaders   ISIS (process recognized by ASEAN Chair)
nes                                            in Manila
                                               No Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead
                                               Reading of APA Chairman’s Report

2007,      3rd ACSC                            ACSC 2007 by SIIA Simon Tay (process
Singapo    No Interface Meeting with Leaders   recognized by ASEAN Chair)
re                                             No Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead
                                               Reading of ACSC 2007 Chairman’s Report
Year        ACSC/APF Process (Track III/CS)


2009,       4th ACSC (within the 1st ASEAN Peoples’ Forum)
February,   30 minute Interface between CS Delegation and ASEAN Heads of State
Bangkok     Hua-Hin, Thailand was divided into two sections. The first 15 minutes was for
            the meeting with CS Delegates and the rest 15 minutes was for those who
            have been rejected by the Rep of Government (Myanmar and Cambodia)

2009        2nd ASEAN Peoples’ Forum/5th ASEAN Civil Society Conference
October,    15 minutes, Interface Meeting between CS Delegation (some government
Cha-am      appointed) and ASEAN Heads of State (optional)



2010        6th APF
Hanoi       No Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead CS Reps met with Chair of
            ASEAN, the Vice Prime Minister of Vietnam.
            Recognition of the process. ASEAN Chairman’s statement: 2 paragraphs
            appreciation of organizing of the APF and took note of invaluable inputs from
            civil society
Year      ACSC/APF Process (Track III/CS)


2011,     •10 persons representing 10 countries
Jakarta   •45 minutes (additional 15 mins from earlier agreement 30 mins)
          •4 speakers (extended from initially only one speaker allowed)
          •Time: 15:45 –
          •10+1 (HoS/G + Foreign Min), ASG + DSG Corp and Comm Affairs
          •Indonesia’s President greets all CS Delegates at the door
          •Indonesia’s President welcomes CS Delegates, makes speech and allows
          CS Delegate to speak
          •All delegates introduce themselves by mentioning the name and
          followed by “I am from ASEAN”
          •Indonesia’s President, Malaysia PM Najib, Razak, Thai PM Abishit
          Vejajiva, and PM Vietnam Nguyen Tan Dzung responded (see Annexes)
          •Indonesia’s President gives closing remarks and walks toward the CS
          Delegate and shakes their hand one by one. All leaders follow.
Year     ACSC/APF Process (Track III/CS)

2012,    • Head of States met representatives from GONGOs of 8 countries
Phnom    (absent: Indonesia and the Philippines)
Penh
         •30 minutes
         •Topic: gender and development
2013,
Brunei
 Civil Society’s role is visible in ASEAN community building
 Civil Society engagement improve the accountability of
    ASEAN. A critical and watchful civil society is a factor of
    paramount importance for good governance
   Growing discussion on governance and government,
    people-oriented versus people-centered organization
   ACSC should remain as one of the key platforms which civil
    society uses to exchange ideas and advance their inputs to
    ASEAN leaders and relevant policy-makers
   Civil-Society should maintain its process as civil society-led
    and show willingness and readiness to engage with ASEAN
    and its Member Government
   He organizing of ACSC should be improved from time to
    time through trying and experiencing

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Asean and civil society organizations indonesia

  • 1. “ASEAN and Civil Society Organizations” H.E. Mr. Lutfi Rauf Ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia To the Kingdom of Thailand At the Seminar on Civil Society and Culture/Bringing Peace to the ASEAN Community Bangkok, 17 Desember 2012
  • 2. MEMBERS OF ASEAN BRUNEI DARUSSALAM CAMBODIA INDONESIA LAO PDR MALAYSIA MYANMAR PHILIPINNES The region has a population of about 608 SINGAPORE million, a total area of 4.5 million square kilometers, a combined gross domestic THAILAND product of US$ 3.36 trillion, and a economic growth of in 2012 projected to reach 5 - 7.2 %. VIET NAM
  • 3.  ETHNICALLY DIVERSE, HOME OF 600 MILLION PEOPLE…  CULTURALLY AND HISTORICALLY RICH, WITH ‘RESIDUAL PROBLEMS’.  DIFFERENT TYPES OF POLITICAL SYSTEM (DEMOCRACY, SOCIALIST, MONARCHY), .  HOME OF ALL GREAT RELIGIONS (ISLAM, BUDHA, HINDU, PROTESTANT, CATHOLIC, CONFUSIUS)…. POTENTIAL FOR CONFLICTS….
  • 4. Prof. Kantathi Suphamongkhon ( Former Foreign Minister of Thailand) : “the fact that Southeast Asia comprises over 500 different languages, multiple religions (including, Indonesia, the largest moderate Islamic state in the world, with more Muslims than Egypt, Syria, Jordan and all the Arab states in the Persian Gulf combined) and almost every main form of government, from absolute and constitutional monarchies to republics and even communist states. The region also encompasses huge extremes, with Indonesia’s population over 500 times that of Brunei and Singapore’s GDP around 150 times that of Myanmar’s.”
  • 8. Some highlights ….. • Bilateral conflicts related to territorial claims etc e.g. Indonesia – Malaysia, Malaysia – the Philippines etc • Cold War – zone of proxy wars - Indochina War • Suspicion and lack of trust among countries in the region, the failure of previous regional arrangements such as military alliance under SEATO, ASA (Association of Southeast Asia) ---Thailand, Malaysia and the Philippines, MAPHILINDO (Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia) • Process of nations building – - mostly young independent states except Thailand 8
  • 9. BANGKOK DECLARATION Established ASEAN on 8th August 1967 as an Association in Bangkok, Thailand Five Founding Member States: Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand Brunei Darussalam joined on 8 January 1984, Vietnam on 28 July 1995, Lao PDR and Myanmar on 23 July 1997, and Cambodia on 30 April 1999
  • 10.  Indonesia take the lead…..  The first ASEAN Summit in Bali (1976) started discussing political-security issues and the agreement on the TAC (Treaty of Amity and Cooperation)
  • 11. ‘Bali Concord I’ : ASEAN’s objectives and principles in the pursuit of political stability  1. The stability of each member state and of the ASEAN region is an essential contribution to international peace and security…. 2. Member states, individually and collectively, shall take active steps for the early establishment of the Zone of Peace, Freedom and Neutrality. 3. The elimination of poverty, hunger, disease and illiteracy is a primary concern of member states. They shall therefore intensify cooperation in economic and social development, with particular emphasis on the promotion of social justice and on the improvement of the living standards of their peoples. 4. Natural disasters and other major calamities can retard the pace of development of member states. They shall extend, within their capabilities, assistance for relief of member states in distress.
  • 12.  5. Member states shall take cooperative action in their national and regional development programmes, utilizing as far as possible the resources available in the ASEAN region to broaden the complementarity of their respective economies. 6. Member states, in the spirit of ASEAN solidarity, shall rely exclusively on peaceful processes in the settlement of intra-regional differences. 7. Member states shall strive, individually and collectively, to create conditions conducive to the promotion of peaceful cooperation among the nations of Southeast Asia on the basis of mutual respect and mutual benefit. 8. Member states shall vigorously develop an awareness of regional identity and exert all efforts to create a strong ASEAN community, respected by all and respecting all nations on the basis of mutually advantageous relationships, and in accordance with the principles of selfdetermination, sovereign equality and non-interference in the internal affairs of nations. 
  • 13. ASEAN Transformation….. At the Beginning :  To accelerate the process of economic development, social welfare and cultural development;  To promote peace and stability in the region through the appreciation for justice and rule of law in the relations between countries in the region which is in line with the principles stipulated in the UN Charter.  To enhance active collaboration and mutual assistance in matters related to common interests in the field of economy, social, culture, engineering, science and administration. Focus of Cooperation in early years of ASEAN: • Economy – to accelerate the economic growth; • Social culture – to promote social culture development; • The basis of ASEAN cooperation is very loose, only based on the Bangkok Declaration – as a ministerial statement); Focus of Cooperation in the New Millennium: • ASEAN Community by 2015 • state-to-people relations • strengthening socio-cultural pillar • people-oriented organization 13
  • 14.  Internal Dynamic - The adoption of Agreements to be implemented; - The development of various activities and programs; - The need to strengthen the internal cooperation;  External Dynamic - Globalization and interdependence - The emerging power in the region; - The need to have ‘ASEAN centrality’. 14
  • 15. ASEAN TRANSFORMATION ASEAN Bangkok Declaration COMMUNITY Bali Concord 1967 by 2015 Bali Concord II 1976 2003  ASEAN Political-Security Vientianne Action Community (APSC) Programme  ASEAN Economic Community 2004 (AEC)  ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community (ASCC) ASEAN Summit 2007 Acceleration of attainment of ASEAN Community 2015 The Signing of the ASEAN Cha-am Hua Hin Entry into force Bali Concord III Charter Declaration of ASEAN Charter ASEAN COMMUNITY IN A 2007 on the Road Map 15 December 2008 GLOBAL COMMUNITY OF for NATIONS the ASEAN Community 2009 1 5
  • 16.  ASEAN Political Community - Enhancing peace, stability, democracy and prosperity in the region through comprehensive political and security community  ASEAN Economic Community - Enhancing competitiveness for economic growth and development through closer economic integration  ASEAN Socio-cultural Community - Nurturing human, cultural and natural resources for sustained development in a harmonious and people-centered ASEAN
  • 17. Strengthen relationship and increase interaction in the field of political and security.  The existence of a single market and production base with free flow of goods, services, investment, skilled labor and the free flow of capital .  A caring and sharing society that focuses on social development, education and human resource development, public health, culture and information, and environment protection. 17
  • 18. Interrelation of the Three Pillars to the Establishment of the ASEAN Community ASEAN Economic Community ASEAN Socio- (AEC) Cultural Community ECONOMY SOCIAL CULTURE (ASCC) “Enhancing competitive- ness for “Nurturing human, economic cultural and growth and natural resources development for sustained through closer development in a POLITICAL economic harmonious and SECURITY integration” people-centered (154 Action ASEAN”. (339 Plan) Action Plan) ASEAN Political Security Community (APSC) “Enhancing peace, stability, democracy and prosperity in the region through comprehensive political and security cooperation” (142 Action Plan)
  • 19. Why ASEAN Charter ● The internal dynamics and external dynamic require ASEAN to strengthen the organization in order to address the challenges and utilize the opportunities; ● To strengthen the organization by developing the legally-binding instruments; ● To confer ASEAN as a legal personality; ● To reaffirm the implementation of its goals and principles and ensure the attainment of the establishment of the ASEAN Community; ● To promote a clearer and predictable dispute-settlement mechanism; ● To provide a stronger framework for cooperation in the future 19
  • 20.  Purpose: To accelerate Political and Security cooperation in ASEAN to maintain peace in region, including to raise awareness on common values, such as Human Rights and democratization.  Established to become an open community based on a comprehensive security approach, and doesn’t serve the purpose in forming a military pact or a joint foreign policy  Promoting peace oriented approach for ASEAN Member States and Dialogue Partners: reflected by the accession to the TAC and SEANWFZ, promote the efforts to peace-building and post-conflict measures  Involving countries and entities of ASEAN Dialogue Partners to participate in promoting peace and stability in the region  Improving confidence and trust between and toward the ASEAN Member States  Five main elements: Politic Development; Norm Setting; Conflict Prevention; Conflict Resolution; and Post-Conflict Peace Building
  • 21. ASEAN Economic Community The Strategy :  Intensification new economic cooperation initiatives and its implementation to accelerate regional integration in the 12 priority sectors: agro-based products, automotive, electronics, fisheries, rubber-based products, textiles and apparels, wood-based products, air travel, e-ASEAN (ICT), healthcare, tourism and logistic.  Establishing ASEAN as a stable, prosperous and highly competitive single market and production base where there will be a free flow of goods, service, investment, capital, equitable development and narrowing social- economic gap, as well as integration with global supply chain in 2015. Key Characteristics:  A single market and production base; a highly competitive economic region; a region of equitable economic development; and a region fully integrated into the global economy.
  • 22. TOWARDS ASEAN SOCIO-CULTURAL COMMUNITY (ASCC) 22
  • 23. ITS PRIMARY GOAL…. to contribute to realising an ASEAN Community that is people-centred and socially responsible with a view to achieving enduring solidarity and unity among the nations and peoples of ASEAN by forging a common identity and building a caring and sharing society which is inclusive and harmonious where the well-being, livelihood, and welfare of the peoples are enhanced.
  • 24. The ASCC Blueprint.. is the guidelines.. • To strengthen Awareness and the We Feeling • To strengthen partnership, solidarity, and unity in establishing the ASEAN Community • To manage social impacts resulted by economic integration through building a caring and sharing society • To promote environmentally sustainable development • To build respects for cultural, language and religion diversity by promoting unity in diversity • To eradicate poverty and narrow the development gap • To develop human resources for the empowerment of the people of ASEAN • To increase social welfare www.themegallery.com
  • 25. The ASCC Blueprint.. Covering 17 sector of cooperation i.e. youth, migrant workers, culture, environment, public health, social welfare, ASEAN University Network. 6 Characteristics of ASCC : (a) Human Development; (b) Social Welfare and Protection; (c) Social Justice and Rights; (d) Ensuring Environmental Sustainability; (e) Building the ASEAN Identity; and (f ) Narrowing the Development Gap.
  • 26. (a) Human Development (7)  i) Advancing and prioritising education; ii) Investing in human resource development; iii) Promotion of decent work; iv) Promoting ICT; v) Facilitating access to applied S&T; vi) Strengthening entrepreneurship skills for women, youth, elderly and persons with disabilities; vii) Building civil service capability. (b) Social Welfare and Protection (7)  i) Poverty Alleviation; ii) Social safety net and protection from the negative impacts of integration and globalization; iii) Enhancing food security and safety; iv) Access to healthcare and promotion of healthy lifestyles; v) Improving capability to control communicable diseases; vi) Ensuring a drug-free ASEAN; vii) Building disaster-resilient nations and safer communities.
  • 27. (c) Social Justice and Rights (3)  i) Promotion and protection of the rights and welfare of women, children, the elderly, and persons with disabilities; ii) Protection and promotion of the rights of migrant workers; iii) Promoting Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). (d) Ensuring Environmental Sustainability (11)  i) Addressing global environmental issues; ii) Managing and preventing transboundary environmental pollution; iii) Promoting sustainable development through environmental education and public participation; iv) Promoting Environmentally Sound Technology (EST); v) Promoting quality living standards in ASEAN cities/urban areas; vi) Harmonizing environmental policies and databases; vii) Promoting the sustainable use of coastal and marine environment; viii) Promoting Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Biodiversity; ix) Promoting the Sustainability of Freshwater Resources; x) Responding to Climate Change and addressing its impacts; xi) Promoting Sustainable Forest Management (SFM).
  • 28. (e) Building the ASEAN Identity (4)  i) Promotion of ASEAN awareness and a sense of community; ii) Preservation and promotion of ASEAN cultural heritage; iii) Promotion of Cultural Creativity and Industry; iv) Engagement with the community. (f ) Narrowing the Development Gap  Strengthen cooperation to reduce the development gap in particular the social dimensions of development between the ASEAN-6 and the CLMV countries and within ASEAN where some isolated pockets of under development persist.
  • 29.  MDGs • Labour  Sustainable Development • Rural Development and  People-to-People Contact Poverty Eradication/Alleviation  Culture • Science and Technology  Disaster Management • Women  Education • Youth  Environment  Health
  • 31.  Adoption of the ASEAN Leaders’ Statement on Joint Response to Climate Change by 16th ASEAN Summit  Setting up of the Sub-Regional Ministerial Steering Committee (MSC) on Transboundary Haze Pollution in the Mekong Sub-Region (MSC Mekong) . The initiative was endorsed by the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in October 2010  Implementation of the ASEAN Peatland Forests Project (APFP) to promote the sustainable management of peatlands in ASEAN to sustain local livelihoods, reduce the risk of fires and associated haze and contribute to global environmental management
  • 32.  Adoption of a five-year AADMER Work Programme covering the period of 2010-2015 by ACDM on 20 May 2010  Conclusion of the draft Agreement on the Establishment of the ASEAN Coordinating Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on disaster management (AHA Centre)  The Agreement on the Establishment of the AHA Centre will be signed by the Foreign Ministers of ASEAN at the sideline of the 18th ASEAN Summit in May 2011.  Indonesia is ready to host the AHA Centre in Jakarta
  • 33.  Inauguration of the ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and Children (ACWC) on 7 April 2010 in Ha Noi.  Adoption of the Ha Noi Declaration on the Enhancement of Welfare and Development of ASEAN Women and Children by the 17th ASEAN Summit  to foster concerted efforts for the enhancement of the welfare and development of women and children in ASEAN.  Establishment of the ASEAN Children’s Forum as a platform for children to voice their opinions on issues affecting them and recommend solutions to the
  • 34.  Adoption of the ALMM’s Work Programme (2010-2015) at the 21st ASEAN Labour Ministerial Meeting, May 2010  The Work Programme sets strategies for AMS, either collectively or individually, to develop policies and mechanisms, allowing labour cooperation activities which will be undertaken over the next five years to remain effective and responsive to the various ASEAN challenges.  Adoption of the Statement on Human Resources and Skills Development for Economic Recovery and Sustainable Growth at the 17th ASEAN Summit on 28 October 2010.  to foster technical cooperation and capacity building activities, promote tripartite and public-private sector cooperation, enhance the quality and skills of workers in all AMS, and promote lifelong learning.
  • 35. Improving the capability of AMS to prevent communicable diseases (i.e. emerging infectious diseases, HIV and AIDS and pandemic preparedness), enhancing food safety, improving maternal and child health, increasing access to health services, improving migrants’ health, pharmaceutical development, traditional medicine, and promoting healthy lifestyle (i.e. non-communicable disease and tobacco control)  Major achievements: (i) Enhancement of regional and national capacity in addressing Emerging Infectious Diseases: ASEAN Plus Three EID Programme phase II (January 2007–June 2010) (ii)Implementation of various activities on multi-sectoral pandemic preparedness and response (PPR) involving both the health and the essential non-health service sectors since 2007 (iii)Completion of the Third ASEAN Work Programme on HIV and AIDS (AWP III) for 2006-2010
  • 36.  Adoption of the ASEAN 5-Year Work Plan on Education (2011-2015). The Work Plan at the 6th Meeting of the ASEAN Education Ministers, Brunei Darussalam, 29 January 2011  The Work Plan serves as an analytical framework and pathway towards realizing the educational goals of the ASEAN Community by 2015.  The WP covers four strategic priorities: (i) Promoting ASEAN awareness; (ii) Increasing access to and quality of primary and secondary education as well as education performance standards; (iii) Strengthening cross-border mobility and internationalization of Education; and (iv) Support for other ASEAN sectoral bodies with an interest in Education.
  • 37.  Continues to implement the Best of ASEAN Performing Arts Series in Jakarta  Part of ASEAN’s effort to promote cultures and arts of AMS  Cultural performances from Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, Thailand, Viet Nam and Brunei Darussalam  Continues to promote and showcase ASEAN cultures and arts to international community  Signing of the Agreement on Cultural Cooperation between AMS and Russian Federation on 30 October 2010
  • 38.  Development of the work plans for six flagship programmes; Early Warning System for Disaster Risk Reduction; Biofuels; Open Source System; Functional Food; Climate Change and Health.  Implementation of the Krabi Initiative 2010 adopted at the 6th Informal ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on S&T, Krabi, Thailand, 17 Dec 2010  Puts equal importance to ‘Innovation’ as it does on Science and Technology cooperation
  • 39. Indonesia placed emphasis on a caring society and people-centered ASEAN:  Launched the ASEAN Coordinating Center for Humanitarian Assistance on disaster management (AHA Center)  Convened a special ASEAN-Japan Ministerial Meeting in response to the calamity.  Resumed the dialogue between the Heads of State/Government of ASEAN with civil society organizations (CSO) (Convening the CSO Forum)  Concluded various agreement on youth and sports, women’s and children rights, migrant workers, emerging contagious diseases, the diversity of ASEAN people  Held several activities and programs that involved various segments of society (ASEAN Fair, ASEAN anniversary celebration, ASEAN Culinary Festival, ASEAN Youth Cultural Exchange Festival and the launching of ASEAN Bloggers forum )
  • 40.  TheFirst ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Women (AMMW)  Adoption of the Vientiane Declaration on Enhancing Gender Perspective and ASEAN Women’s Partnership for Environmental Sustainability at the First AMMW  The First ASEAN GO-NGO Forum on RDPE  The First ASEAN Plus Three Education Ministers Meeting  The First East Asia Summit Education Ministers Meeting
  • 41.  Natural Disasters  Cultural Diversity  Gender Discrimination  Climate Change  Health and Education  Migrant Workers 41
  • 42. Challenges What ASEAN has accomplished… Natural Disasters • ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) • ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management (ACDM) • ASEAN Coordination Centre for Humanitarian Assistance on Disaster Management (AHA Centre) Cultural Diversity • Declaration on ASEAN Unity in Cultural Diversity: Towards Strengthening ASEAN Community Gender • ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Women Discrimination • ASEAN Commission for the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and Children • Vientiane Declaration on Enhancing Gender Perspective and ASEAN Women’s Partnership for Environmental Sustainability • ASEAN Commission on the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Women and Children (ACWC) Work Plan (2012-2016) Climate Change • ASEAN Leaders’ Statement on Climate Change to the 17th Session of the Parties to COP17 and the 7th Session CMP7 Health and • ASEAN Curricullum Sourcebook Education • ASEAN 5-Year Work Plan on Education (WPE) (2011-2015) • ASEAN Declaration of Commitment: Getting to Zero New HIV Infections, Zero Discrimination, Zero AIDS-related Deaths Migrant Workers • Cebu Declaration on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers (ACMW) 42
  • 43. Global Issues : ASEAN Part of Solutions UN Peacekeeping Operations Military Expert Country Police Troops Total on Mission Climate Human Humanitarian Brunei Change Rights Assistance in Darussal 19 19 am • REDD • Establishment Disaster Relief Cambodi 5 270 275 • Coral Triangle AICHR • ASEAN-UN a • Heart of • Establishment Disaster Relief Indonesia 154 33 1,958 1,785 Borneo of ACWC Post Cyclone Lao PDR • ASEAN Nargis Malaysia 256 54 831 1,141 Human • AHA Centre in Myanmar Rights Jakarta The Philippin 293 22 626 941 • ARF DiRex es Singapor 21 2 23 e Thailand 36 14 422 472 Viet Nam ASEAN 760 130 3,766 4,656 Source: UN Peacekeeping
  • 45. “…the people are now slowly but surely gaining a stronger and clearer voice. And that voice speaks of many aspirations: of peace and prosperity, of a reliable future for themselves and their family, of freedom and democracy, of human rights and good governance, and of transparency and the accountability of leaders.”…. “Let us listen to that voice— encourage it to speak loud and clear.” H.E. Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of the Republic of Indonesia on the occasion of the 38th Anniversary of ASEAN, Jakarta, 8 August 2005
  • 46. 1997 : ASEAN Vision 2020 A Community of Caring Societies  vibrant and open ASEAN societies enjoy equitable access to opportunities for total human development  a socially cohesive and caring ASEAN , where the civil society is empowered and gives special attention to the disadvantaged, disabled and marginalized and where social justice and the rule of law reign.  our nations being governed with the consent and greater participation of the people with its focus on the welfare and dignity of the human person and the good of the community. The word "community" has taken on a special meaning in ASEAN. It has come to mean not only a sharing of purposes and resources but also a sharing of values. It entails the cultivation of a "we-feeling" based on those values.
  • 47. ASEAN and Civil Society Organizations ASEAN Charter:  To promote a people-oriented ASEAN in which all sectors of society are encouraged to participate in, and benefit from, the process of ASEAN integration and community building (Article 1)  ASEAN may engage with entities which support the ASEAN Charter, in particular its purposes and principles. (Article 16) ASEAN emphasis on sharing and shaping of norms, to include democracy, good governance, human rights, fundamental freedoms
  • 48.  CSO is a non-profit organisation of ASEAN entities, natural or juridical, that promotes, strengthens and helps realise the aims and objectives of the ASEAN Community and its three Pillars – the ASEAN Political-Security Community, the ASEAN Economic Community and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community. Why accreditation with ASEAN?  Drawing the CSOs into the mainstream of ASEAN activities to be kept informed of major policies, directives and decisions of ASEAN  Opportunity and the privilege of participating in ASEAN activities  Ensure interaction and fruitful relationships between the existing ASEAN bodies and the CSOs  Help promote the development of a people-oriented ASEAN Community
  • 49. CSOs’ Functions/Roles  educate citizens and raise awareness for greater popular participation  provide services to poor and marginalized  monitor and counter-balance against abuses by the state  mobilize financial and social resources for development  help introduce: innovation, accountability, responsiveness, participation, sustainability  voice social critics, reform proponents
  • 50. CSOs’ Roles in ASEAN Community  Southeast Asian CSOs have formed networks and forums to advocate regional concerns and interests vis-a-vis ASEAN  Provide expert inputs for regional policymakers  Mobilize social resources for implementation of ASEAN programs  Engage in different areas of community building
  • 51. Towards the APSC, CSOs’ can…  help promote popular participation,  fight corruption in government;  educate people about human rights, rule of law,  build support for peaceful conflict resolution,  cooperate with government to reduce transnational crime, trafficking in drugs and human beings, as well as extremism.
  • 52. Towards AEC, CSOs’ can…  help sectors that are disadvantaged by integration and liberalization policies ;  ensure that free flow of labor does not lead to exploitation of migrants or human rights abuses;  see to it that economic growth is not attained at the expense of human development or the environment
  • 53. Towards ASCC, CSOs’ can…  help to close the development gap within ASEAN through mutual assistance and cooperation  help build to build an ASEAN identity  build regional cooperation networks to improve services for the poor, illiterate, sick, and other vulnerable sectors  promote gender, ethnic, racial, religious, and other forms of equality  cooperate for development of human resources through training, education, technological assistance  regional initiatives in disaster relief  promote people to people linkages including youth, media, NGOs
  • 54. The Networks Major networks thus far are:  ASEAN-ISIS (ASEAN-Institutes for Strategic and International Studies think tanks) a group of leading strategic studies institutes from across the ASEAN region engaged in Track 2 diplomacy  APA (ASEAN People’s Assembly) a Track 2 initiative of ASEAN-ISIS  SAPA (Solidarity for Asian People’s Advocacy) a joint platform for advocacy of regional and national civil society organizations that do joint strategizing and action in engaging the ASEAN)  ASEAN Civil Society Conference  ASEAN People’s Forum
  • 55. Year Place The Name of the Event 2005 Shah Alam, 1st ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC) Malaysia 2006 Cebu, the 2nd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC) Philippines 2007 Singapore 3rd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC) 2009 Bangkok, 4th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ 1st ASEAN Peoples’ Thailand Forum (APF) 2009 Hua Hin, 5th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/2nd ASEAN Peoples’ Thailand Forum (APF) 2010 Hanoi, Vietnam 6th ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF) 2011 Jakarta, Indonesia ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF) 2011 2012 Phnom Penh, ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum Cambodia (APF) 2012 – March & November 2013 Brunei ? 2014 Myanmar ?
  • 56. Name frequent Engaging the body ACSC/APF annually ASEAN SUMMIT Head of States/Governments ASEAN Disability Forum (ADF) annually ASEAN Youth Forum annually ASEAN Grass-root People Assembly annually ASEAN Community Dialogue annually ASEAN Committee Permanent CPR Representatives (CPR) Civil Society Forum to AMM on annually ASEAN Ministers Meeting Foreign Ministers human rights (AMM) Informal Dialogue between CSO annually ASEAN Secretary General (ASG) Secretary General and ASG Jakarta Human Rights Dialogue in annually ASEAN Human Rights AICHR, ACWC ASEAN Mechanisms GO-NGO Forum on Social Welfare annually ASEAN Senior Official Meeting SOM officials & Development on SWD
  • 57. The Challenges…  More room for improvement in terms of management  Many still need independent and sustainable financial support  Fragmented and hold different views regarding various issues  Exist in all countries of ASEAN, but are less developed or influential in some than in others  The roles in society and influence on government depends on nature of the political and social system
  • 58. The development of ASEAN Community must continue to involve all stakeholders in the region. ASEAN Community must be driven by people- oriented, people-centered, and people- driven. (H.E. Dr. Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of the Republic of Indonesia, at the Opening Ceremony of the 19th ASEAN Summit-November 2011)
  • 60.  ASEAN Charter  Roadmap for an ASEAN Community 2009-2015  ASEAN Vision 2020  Guidelines on Accreditation of Civil Society Organisations (CSOs)  "On Building the ASEAN Community: The Democratic Aspect“, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, 2005  Advanced Workshop on ASEAN Studies Teaching for lecturers, 2012 (AUN)  Understanding ASEAN: Its Way of Working, Structure & Engagement with Civil Society (Yuyun Wahyuningrum)
  • 62. Proportion of people living on less than $1.25 / day fell to 17% in 2008 from 45% in 1990. 62 Source: UN MDG Report; ASEAN Statistical Report; HIV/AIDS Regional Report
  • 63. Net enrolment rate for children of • ASEAN Community awareness and the sense of belonging primary school age rose from 92% in • Education gaps 1999 to 95% in 2010. • Limited resources 63
  • 64. Since 1995, there has been only a slight improvement in the ratio of girls to boys in primary education. There are 96 girls for every 100 boys who are attending primary education in 2010. In 1990, only 87 girls were enrolled in secondary education for every 100 boys who were enrolled in secondary education. In 2010, girls and boys have almost equal opportunities in attending secondary education, with the boys at a slight advantage. For every 100 boys 64 attending secondary schools, there are 98 girls who are also attending secondary schools.
  • 65.  Under-five mortality rate declined from 80 to 35 deaths per 1,000 live births;  Infant mortality rate declined from 59 to 27 deaths per 1,000 live births (from 1990 to 2010 trend) 65
  • 66. Maternal mortality ratio improved from 370 to 161 maternal deaths per 100.000 live births (women aged 15-49) (from 1990 to 2010 trend) 66
  • 67. HIV incidence and prevalence is substantially lower in Southeast Asia than in other regions. Increases are seen among population with higher risk-taking behaviors. MALARIA incidence has declined from 755 to 198 per 100,000 population from 1990 to 2010 Number of new TUBERCULOSIS cases per 100,000 population decreased 67 from 166 in 1990 to 140 in 2010.
  • 68. Sixty five out of every one hundred persons in the ASEAN region have access to improved drinking water. This is significant improvement over the 56 percent posted in 1995. In 1990, thirty seven out of the total population in the seven countries have access to improved sanitation facility. Twenty years later, this has gone up to 68 70 percent.
  • 69. ASEAN in World’s Economy ASEAN Economy remains strong and signaled its resilience from the global crisis with high growth and stable inflation. GDP Growth (%) Inflation (%) 2010 2011 2012 2010 2011 2012 Brunei 2.6 1.9 3.2 0.4 2.0 1.6 Indonesia 6.2 6.5 6.4 5.1 3.8 4.5 ASEAN-6 Malaysia 7.2 5.1 4.4 1.7 3.2 2.7 Philippines 7.6 3.7 4.2 3.8 3.8 4.1 Singapore 14.8 4.9 2.7 2.8 5.2 3.5 Thailand 7.8 0.1 5.5 3.3 3.8 3.9 Cambodia 6.0 6.1 6.2 4.0 5.5 4.0 ASEAN- Lao PDR 7.9 8.3 8.4 6.0 8.7 6.7 CLMV Myanmar 5.3 5.5 6.0 8.2 4.2 5.8 Vietnam 6.8 5.9 5.6 9.2 18.7 12.6 China 10.4 9.2 8.2 3.3 5.4 3.3 Japan 4.4 -0.7 2.0 -0.7 -0.3 0.0 The World S. Korea 6.3 3.6 3.5 2.9 4.0 3.4 India 10.6 7.2 6.9 12.0 8.6 8.2 USA 3.0 1.7 2.1 1.6 3.1 2.1 69 Euro Area 1.9 1.4 -0.3 1.6 2.7 1.9 Sumber: IMF, World Economic Outlook (April 2012) and Fiscal Monitor (April, 2012)
  • 70. ASEAN Trade Performance: Diversion or Creation? 70 ASEAN intra-trade is increasing while still preserving non-ASEAN trading partners. Increasing role of China, Korea dan India as ASEAN trading partners further complement traditional trading partner of ASEAN such as USA, Japan, EU, and Australia. 1998 2000 2003 2008 2009 2010 • Value (US$ billion) 576.1 759.1 824.5 1,897,1 1,536.9 2,045.7 • Growth (%, yoy) -17.8 21.8 15.5 17.8 -19.0 33.1 ASEAN • Trade to GDP (%) 119.3 126.5 114.2 125.4 102.2 110.1 Total Trade • Export to GDP (%) 65.6 68.3 62.7 64.6 53.9 57.8 • Import to GDP (%) 53.7 58.1 51.5 60.8 48.3 52.4 • Value (US$ billion) 120.9 166.8 206.7 470.1 376.2 519.8 Intra • Growth (%, yoy) -19.4 25.8 29.3 17.0 -20.0 38.2 ASEAN Trade • Share to Total Trade (%) 21.0 22.0 25.1 24.8 24.5 25.4 • Value (US$ billion) 455.2 592.3 617.8 1,427.0 1,160.7 1,525.9 Extra • Growth (%, yoy) -17.0 20.7 18.0 18.0 -18.7 31.5 ASEAN Trade • Share to Total Trade (%) 79.0 78.0 75.2 75.2 75.5 74.6 • China 3.5 4.3 7.2 10.4 11.6 11.3 Major • Euro Area 14.5 13.5 12.3 11.0 11.2 10.2 Trading Partners • Japan 14.1 15.3 13.8 11.3 10.5 10.1 • USA 20.1 16.1 14.3 9.8 9.7 9.1 (% of Total • South Korea 3.0 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.9 4.8 Trade) • India 1.2 1.3 1.5 2.6 2.5 2.7 • Australia 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.8 2.9 2.7 Sumber: ASEAN Economic Community in Figures (ACIF) 2011 (ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012)
  • 71. ASEAN Trade Performances: Increasing Role of ASEAN+3 71 Trade has become a key factor in GDP growth in almost all ASEAN countries. ASEAN Intra trade is distributed almost equally between ASEAN 6 and Vietnam. Trade with China, Japan and Korea play major role with more than 50% of total ASEAN trade. While EU and USA remain as important trading partners. Total Trade in 2010 ASEAN+3 Other Major Partners (% share) (% share) US $ % % Intra China Japan Korea Total Euro USA India Aus- Bill GDP ASEAN ASEAN tralia Trade ASEAN-6 1,861.9 110.2 91.0 25.9 10.8 10.2 4.6 51.5 10.2 8.9 2.9 3.0 • Brunei 11.0 88.7 0.5 20.9 6.4 36.2 13.6 77.3 2.5 2.3 4.6 8.6 • Indonesia 293.4 41.4 14.3 27.4 11.1 14.2 6.8 59.5 8.7 7.5 4.4 2.8 • Malaysia 363.5 152.2 17.8 26.2 12.6 11.4 4.5 54.7 10.5 10.0 2.5 2.9 • Philippines 109.7 109.7 5.4 25.4 9.7 13.8 5.7 54.5 10.6 12.6 0.9 1.1 • Singapore 699.3 313.6 34.2 27.2 10.0 5.9 4.6 47.7 10.5 8.3 3.2 2.3 • Thailand 385.0 120.8 18.8 22.5 10.8 12.0 2.2 47.5 10.6 9.3 2.1 4.6 CMLV 183.8 109.2 9.0 37.4 16.7 9.5 7.3 53.8 10.3 11.1 0.7 0.3 • Cambodia 10.5 93.8 0.5 2.4 11.5 1.9 2.9 39.1 10.3 19.4 0.6 0.4 • Myanmar 4.5 69.3 0.2 2.6 13.3 2.2 -- 73.2 4.4 12.6 0.2 7.8 • Lao PDR 11.8 27.4 0.6 5.7 13.6 3.4 3.4 68.6 1.4 0.3 9.6 0.7 • Vietnam 157.0 145.8 7.7 26.7 17.3 10.6 8.1 53.1 11.2 11.3 -- -- ASEAN 2,045.7 110.1 100 25.4 11.3 10.1 4.8 51.7 10.2 9.1 2.7 2.7 Source: ASEAN Economic Community in Figures (ACIF) 2011 (ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012)
  • 72. Intra ASEAN Trade 72 Commodities HS Value Share HS Value Share Code EXPORT COMMODITIES (US$ B) (%) Code IMPORT COMMODITIES (US$ B) (%) 8542 Electronic circuits 97.6 9.1 8542 Electronic circuits 92.8 9.5 2710 Petroleum oils, not crude 61.9 5.8 2710 Petroleum oils, not crude 82.6 8.5 8471 EDP machines, optical, etc 40.8 2.8 2709 Crude petroleum oils 31.7 3.3 2711 Petroleum gases 34.1 3.2 8471 EDP machines, optical, etc 20.6 2.1 2709 Crude petroleum oils 28.7 2.7 8473 Parts, computers & off 17.7 2.1 machines 8473 Parts, computers & off 26.6 2.5 8517 Electric appliances for line 12.7 1.8 machines telephony 1511 Palm oil & its fraction 26.1 2.4 7108 Gold 12.2 1.3 4001 Natural rubber 20.5 1.9 8703 Motor cars for passengers 11.1 1.3 2701 Coals 19.8 1.9 8708 Motor vehicles, parts & acc 10.2 1.1 8541 Diodes/transistor & 17.1 1.6 8541 Diodes/transistor & 8.0 1.0 semiconductor semiconductor 8443 Printing machinery 12.9 1.2 8443 Printing machinery 7.7 0.8 7108 Gold 11.5 1.1 8529 Parts for televisions 7.6 0.8 8708 Motor vehicles, parts & acc 10.1 0.9 8704 Motor vehicles for transport 7.4 0.8 8517 Electric appliances for line 9.8 0.9 4001 Natural rubber 7.1 0.8 telephony 8528 TV receivers, video monitors 8.6 0.8 8802 Aircrafts, satellite 6.9 0.7 TOP 15 Export Commodities 426.4 39.9 TOP 15 Import Commodities 350.0 35.9 Others 644.5 60.1 Others 624.7 64.1 Source: ASEAN Economic Community in Figures (ACIF) 2011 (ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012)
  • 73. Foreign Direct Investment ASEAN 73 EU is still main investor in ASEAN, while Singapore as the first destination followed by Indonesia 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2010 (% share) • Value (US$ billion) 56.64 75.65 47.07 38.26 78.21 ASEAN • Intra ASEAN share (%) 13.9 12.7 20.1 13.8 16.1 Total FDI • Rest of World share (%) 83.3 86.0 79.3 86.2 83.9 Inflows • ASEAN-6 share (%) 93.8 88.6 75.4 75.4 87.4 • CLMV share (%) 6.2 11.4 24.6 24.6 12.5 • Brunei 0.43 0.26 0.24 0.37 0.62 0.8 By Host • Cambodia 0.48 0.86 0.81 0.53 0.78 1.0 Country • Indonesia 4.91 6.93 9.32 4.88 13.30 17.5 • Lao PDR 0.18 0.32 0.22 0.32 0.33 0.4 • Malaysia 6.07 8.54 7.24 1.38 9.15 12.0 • Myanmar 0.42 0.71 0.97 0.96 0.45 0.6 (US $ Billion) • Philippines 2.92 2.92 1.54 1.96 1.71 2.2 • Singapore 29.35 37.03 8.59 15.27 35.52 46.6 • Thailand 9.46 11.33 8.53 4.97 6.32 8.3 • Vietnam 2.40 6.74 9.58 7.60 8.00 10.5 • Intra ASEAN 7.87 9.62 9.45 5.27 12.28 16.1 By Source • Euro Area 13.38 18.61 7.01 9.13 17.06 22.4 Country • USA 3.04 8.34 3.51 4.08 8.57 11.3 • Japan 10.41 8.84 4.13 3.76 8.38 11.0 (US $ • China 1.03 1.74 1.87 4.15 2.86 3.8 Billion) • South Korea 1.25 2.71 1.59 1.34 3.77 4.9 • India -- 1.45 0.54 0.81 2.58 3.4 • Australia 0.46 1.49 0.78 0.77 1.76 2.3 Source: ASEAN Economic Community in Figures (ACIF) 2011 (ASEAN Secretariat, February 2012)
  • 75. ASEAN/State Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 2008-2009 (%) 2010-2011 (%) 2012-2013 (%) ASEAN 87,6 67,4 70,5 Brunei 95,41 77,9 75,5 Cambodia 95,33 77,4 76,6 Indonesia 89,91 75,8 82 Lao PDR 95,28 74,6 81,3 Malaysia 93,64 81,8 84,3 Myanmar 94,39 76,9 81,3 Philippines 94,55 77,1 76,9 Singapore 96,3 82,2 84 Thailand 94,55 79,4 84,6 Vietnam 95,37 79,4 79,6
  • 77. YUYUN WAHYUNINGRUM|Senior Advisor on ASEAN and Human Rights | Human Rights Working Group (HRWG) Indonesia wahyuningrum@gmail.com
  • 78.  1993 FMs agreed that ASEAN should consider the establishment of an appropriate regional mechanism on human rights  1995 Establishment of the Working Group on ASEAN Human Rights Mechanism (WG)  1996 First meeting between WG and ASEAN SOM  Establishment of NHRIs in Philippines 1987, Indonesia 1993, Thailand 1998 and Malaysia 1999  2004 Adoption of VAP with action programs relating to human rights  2007 Signing of Declaration of Cooperation among the 4 NHRIs  2007 Signing of the ASEAN Charter, Article 14: AHRB
  • 79.  History of civil society engagement with ASEAN. It is a journey of believing that engagement can make change.  History of interaction between national and international efforts and dialogue on human rights.  History of national political opening contribute to the political space at regional level.  Journey of believing that a human rights commission can be created in context of the region with no respect of values of democracy and human rights.
  • 80. The 3Cs in Human Rights Architecture ASEAN Human Rights Systems Conventions: ASEAN Human Commission/Committee Norms/ Rights Court?? Instruments ACWC AICHR 2010 2009 ACMW 2008
  • 81. AICHR ACWC  Created based on Article 14, Charter  Created based on SC Blueprint  Established: 23 Oct 2009  Established: 7 April 2010  20 Representatives (Women  10 Representatives Rights and Child Rights)  14 Mandates  16 Mandates  No individual complaint  No individual complaint  Provide advises to ASEAN sectorial  Provide advises to ASEAN government upon request sectorial government upon request  Can obtain information on HR  Consult CS, women, children issues from Member States  Advocate on behalf of women  Consult stakeholders and children & encourage  Submit Annual Report ASEAN Member States to improve their situation  Submit Annual Report
  • 82. non- interference inter- evolutionary governmental approach body consultative consultation consensus
  • 83. AICHR & ACWC are part of ASEAN AICHR reports to Foreign organs Ministers AICHR & ACWC work based on TOR, RoP, and Work Plan ACWC reports to ASEAN AICHR & ACWC members are Ministers Meeting on Social representing the government Welfare and Development AICHR is an overarching body AICHR has standard setting on human rights mandate: Declaration, Conventions ACWC is specialized body on the ACWC can speak on behalf of rights of women and children women, children, victims 83
  • 84.  Mandated by the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Blueprint  2007 Jan ASEAN Declaration on the protection and promotion of the rights of migrant workers (ASEAN Summit/AMM)  2007 July ASEAN Statement of the establishment of the ASEAN Committee on the implementation of the ASEAN Declaration  2007 October formation of the ACMW (ALMM/SLOM)  2008 October names of ACMW focal points
  • 85. Migrant Children Women Trafficking workers • Declaration on • Declaration on • 1997 ASEAN • ASEAN Declaration Commitments on the Elimination of Transnational Crime on the Protection and for Children in Violence Against • ASEAN Declaration Promotion of the Against Trafficking in Rights of Migrant ASEAN (August Women in the Workers 13 January Persons Particularly 2001) ASEAN Region; 30 Women and Children; 2007, Cebu, • Ha Noi June 2004 29 November 2004 Philippines Declaration on • Ha Noi • ASEAN Practitioner The Enhancement Declaration on Guidelines on of Welfare and The Enhancement Effective Criminal Development of of Welfare and Justice Responses to ASEAN Women Development of Trafficking in Persons (2007) and Children ; 28 ASEAN Women • Leaders Joint Oct 2010 and Children ; 28 Statements on TIPs October 2010 in Southeast Asia, May 2011.
  • 86. • Article 4.2 of the TOR AICHR: “to develop an ASEAN Human Rights Declaration with a view to establishing a framework for human rights cooperation ASEAN Terms of ASEAN Conventions through various ASEAN Charter, Reference on Human Declaration conventions and other Article 14, on AICHR, on Human Rights in instruments dealing with 2008 2009 Rights, 2012 ASEAN? human rights” • Is adopted on 18 November 2012, during the 21st ASEAN Summit • Is the effort to universalize human rights at the regional level, or regionalize the universal political commitment of human rights
  • 87.  PHNOM PENH STATEMENT with signatures of ASEAN Leaders, Article 3:  “REAFFIRM further our commitment to ensure that the implementationof the AHRD be in accordance with Our commitment with the Charter of the United Nation, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, The Vienna Declaration and its Prograam of Action, and other international human rihts instrument to which ASEAN Members Sttes are parties,as well as relevant ASEAN declarations and instruments pertaining to human rights”
  • 88. WEAK PART OF THE DECLARATION: 1. The balance between Rights & Responsibilities. The enjoyment of human rights and fundamental freedoms must be balanced with the duties of individuals, the community and the society where one lives 2. National and Regional particularities. The realisation of human rights must be considered in the regional and national context … 3. Limitation of Rights. The exercise of human rights and fundamental freedoms shall be subject only to such limitations … and to meet the just requirements of national security, public order, public health, public safety, public morality, … 4. Erasure of Freedom of Association
  • 89.  Article 9: …. The process of such realisation shall take into account peoples’ participation, inclusivity and the need for accountability.  Article 22: ... All forms of intolerance, discrimination and incitement of hatred based on religion and beliefs shall be eliminated.  Article 27 (3) …Those who employ children and young people in work harmful to their morals or health, dangerous to life, or likely to hamper their normal development, including their education should be punished by law.  Article 36: …ASEAN Member States should adopt meaningful people-oriented and gender responsive development programmes aimed at poverty alleviation  Total erasure on the section on duties and responsibilities
  • 90.  The content of AHRD is a reflection of difficult negotiation between two extreme position on human rights and democracy in ASEAN  AHRD starts with REAFFIRMATION of state’s international obligation to human rights, and ends with the recognition of non-derogable rights. But the general principles of AHRD are not inline with international human rights standards.  The process had been closed for civil society. Two consultations with CSOs were conducted and two consultations with ASEAN sectoral bodies without sharing the working draft  Public only know the final draft after the adoption, Nov 18, 2012
  • 91. Disappointed but continue Ignore to engage Reject
  • 92.  AHRD is a political document with the context of democratic deficits in ASEAN  The challenge is now how to make AHRD promote reform in domestic politics & how to use AHRD to make ASEAN function as a ruled-based organization  We should not be idealistically naive, but rather more tactical and strategic when dealing with ASEAN. We know how the game is played or unfairly played, so let us play it well  Let us look at the declaration as a means to an end, a living evolving document.  Many international law and standards including in the field of human rights continue to expand with time as cultural norms evolved. New demands would be made for legal instrument to keep up with the development
  • 93.  ACCOUNTABILITY EXERCISE:  We are of the opinion that AICHR should not rush to draft any convention on human rights. Not now, maybe in next 10- 115 years  Annual Report on Human Rights in ASEAN  Put all mandates of AICHR, especially Article 4.10 of AICHR to obtain information from Member States into reality by using AHRD  Put Mandate Article 4.Monitor ASEAN Ministerial Meeting proceeding to what extent AHRD has been used to bring human rights issues on the table (using its Joint Communique)  Review TOR AICHR in 2014
  • 94.  It is the time when we can work together to make AICHR as an INDEPENDENT HUMAN RIGHTS MECHANISM by changing the selection process of AICHR  To make AICHR accessible by pushing the body to finalize a democratic guideline on engaging civil society, including receiving complaints on human rights and sharing information topublic  To make AICHR a responsive body by changing its mandate to be be able to respond the issues by having a fact-finding mission, investigation
  • 95. 3rd Consultation Annual Report in Jakarta, July of AICHR 2009 Performance 2nd Consultation in Monitoring & Kuala Lumpur, Pressure for the March 2009 implementation of TOR AICHR 1st Consultation in Manila, Sept TOR Review 2014? 2008 AICHR
  • 96. July 2008 HLP was Protection Promotion established of HRs of HRs Dec 2008, First Submission July 2009 Final Submission Oct 2009 Launched TOR AICHR 2014 Review TOR
  • 97.  Objective of the Review: to strengthen the mandate and functions of the AICHR in order to further develop mechanisms on both the protection and promotion of human rights.  Indicator 1: Has AICHR provide an ASEAN’s commitment to pursue forward-looking strategies to strengthen regional cooperation on human rights?  Indicator 2: Has AICHR serve as a vehicle for progressive social development and justice, the full realization of human dignity and the attainment of a higher quality of life for ASEAN peoples?  Indicator 3: Has AICHR receive full support and provision of adequate resources by ASEAN Member States?  Indicator 4: Has AICHR acknowledge contribution of stakeholders in the promotion and protection of human rights in ASEAN, and encourage their continuing engagement and dialogue with the AICHR?  Indicator 5: Has ASEAN cooperation on human rights support the evolution of AICHR as an overarching institution?
  • 99. Since the adoption of ASEAN Charter in 2008, much was said about engaging civil society, respecting human rights, promoting democracy and about good governance in ASEAN’s high- level statements and documents.
  • 100. 2006’S GUIDELINE 2012’S GUIDELINE  Generally better than the  Member states are still in control of 2006’s deciding who can in and who cannot  As a general rule, only a CSO  The participation is perceived as whose membership is confined privilege to ASEAN nationals may be considered for accreditation  The participation is not understood with ASEAN; as RIGHT. It is more like “stick” and “carrot”  Approval of application for  The affiliation is used as a way to accreditation of a CSO with control ASEAN shall be based  The affiliation to ASEAN is a primarily upon the assessment political issue rather than a only of the positive contribution administrative requirement which such a CSO could make  CSOs are not seen as partners in to the enhancement, developing ASEAN Community strengthening and realisation of the aims and objectives of ASEAN
  • 101. AICHR ACWC  AICHR only want to meet with those  Started with Informal Dinner (2011), who are affiliated with the ASEAN Informal Session (2011), Joint- Charter Workshop (2012), Formal Session (2012)  The newly adopted AICHR Guideline  Informal Session: 9 out of 20 Reps of Operation silent on CS attended engagement  Informal Session: 16 out 20 Reps  Two consultations o AHRD: June 22, attended and Sept 12  Joint-Workshop: 18 out of 20 Reps attended  Consultation only happen in  Formal Session: 20 Reps attended Indonesia, Thailand and the  Good Result, Good process, Philippines substantive discussion, cordial  CS continue to submit inputs, ambiance reports, papers to AICHR  Inputs from CS have been included in  CS is a sensitive issue in AICHR, but the reference documents of the ACWC  The initial suggestion to erase civil during their visit to US, they met US- society” & international standards” in based CSOs TOR ACWC has been put down  ACWC uses inputs from CS in formulating their positions
  • 102. Year Place The Name of the Event 2005 Shah Alam, 1st ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC) Malaysia 2006 Cebu, the 2nd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC) Philippines 2007 Singapore 3rd ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC) 2009 Bangkok, 4th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ 1st ASEAN Peoples’ Thailand Forum (APF) 2009 Hua Hin, 5th ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/2nd ASEAN Peoples’ Thailand Forum (APF) 2010 Hanoi, Vietnam 6th ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF) 2011 Jakarta, Indonesia ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum (APF) 2011 2012 Phnom Penh, ASEAN Civil Society Conference (ACSC)/ ASEAN Peoples’ Forum Cambodia (APF) 2012 – March & November 2013 Brunei ? 2014 Myanmar ?
  • 103. ASEAN’s Alternative Regionalism (Source: HRWG Study, 2011) • Particularly: • Democracy Women & Youth, • Human Rights Indigenous People / • Transparency Ethnic Minority, • Accountability and CSOs CSO Adoption of Participation in Basic Decision Universal Making Process (1,2,3,6,7) Values (3,4,5,6,7) Holistic - Adoption of rights-based UN Bodies’ approach on related Development Conventions (1,2,4,5,6,7) (1,2,4,5,6,7) • Against unjust • Mainly: ILO, FTA, privatization, UNFCCC, CEDAW, • Reject neoliberal UNCRC, UNDRIP, economic policies &MDGs
  • 104. Name frequent Engaging the body ACSC/APF annually ASEAN SUMMIT Head of States/Governments ASEAN Disability Forum (ADF) annually ASEAN Youth Forum annually ASEAN Grass-root People Assembly annually ASEAN Community Dialogue annually ASEAN Committee Permanent CPR Representatives (CPR) Civil Society Forum to AMM on annually ASEAN Ministers Meeting Foreign Ministers human rights (AMM) Informal Dialogue between CSO annually ASEAN Secretary General (ASG) Secretary General and ASG Jakarta Human Rights Dialogue in annually ASEAN Human Rights AICHR, ACWC ASEAN Mechanisms GO-NGO Forum on Social Welfare annually ASEAN Senior Official Meeting SOM officials & Development on SWD
  • 105. Year ACSC/APF Process (Track III/CS) ASEAN ISIS Process (Track II/Think Tank) 2005, 1st ACSC/ ASEAN Civil Society Malaysi Conference in Shah Alam a 15 Minute Meeting Mixed Delegation of 10 and 10 ASEAN Heads of State 2006, 2nd ACSC APA/ASEAN Peoples’ Assembly by ASEAN Philippi No Interface Meeting with Leaders ISIS (process recognized by ASEAN Chair) nes in Manila No Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead Reading of APA Chairman’s Report 2007, 3rd ACSC ACSC 2007 by SIIA Simon Tay (process Singapo No Interface Meeting with Leaders recognized by ASEAN Chair) re No Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead Reading of ACSC 2007 Chairman’s Report
  • 106. Year ACSC/APF Process (Track III/CS) 2009, 4th ACSC (within the 1st ASEAN Peoples’ Forum) February, 30 minute Interface between CS Delegation and ASEAN Heads of State Bangkok Hua-Hin, Thailand was divided into two sections. The first 15 minutes was for the meeting with CS Delegates and the rest 15 minutes was for those who have been rejected by the Rep of Government (Myanmar and Cambodia) 2009 2nd ASEAN Peoples’ Forum/5th ASEAN Civil Society Conference October, 15 minutes, Interface Meeting between CS Delegation (some government Cha-am appointed) and ASEAN Heads of State (optional) 2010 6th APF Hanoi No Interface Meeting with Leaders. Instead CS Reps met with Chair of ASEAN, the Vice Prime Minister of Vietnam. Recognition of the process. ASEAN Chairman’s statement: 2 paragraphs appreciation of organizing of the APF and took note of invaluable inputs from civil society
  • 107. Year ACSC/APF Process (Track III/CS) 2011, •10 persons representing 10 countries Jakarta •45 minutes (additional 15 mins from earlier agreement 30 mins) •4 speakers (extended from initially only one speaker allowed) •Time: 15:45 – •10+1 (HoS/G + Foreign Min), ASG + DSG Corp and Comm Affairs •Indonesia’s President greets all CS Delegates at the door •Indonesia’s President welcomes CS Delegates, makes speech and allows CS Delegate to speak •All delegates introduce themselves by mentioning the name and followed by “I am from ASEAN” •Indonesia’s President, Malaysia PM Najib, Razak, Thai PM Abishit Vejajiva, and PM Vietnam Nguyen Tan Dzung responded (see Annexes) •Indonesia’s President gives closing remarks and walks toward the CS Delegate and shakes their hand one by one. All leaders follow.
  • 108. Year ACSC/APF Process (Track III/CS) 2012, • Head of States met representatives from GONGOs of 8 countries Phnom (absent: Indonesia and the Philippines) Penh •30 minutes •Topic: gender and development 2013, Brunei
  • 109.  Civil Society’s role is visible in ASEAN community building  Civil Society engagement improve the accountability of ASEAN. A critical and watchful civil society is a factor of paramount importance for good governance  Growing discussion on governance and government, people-oriented versus people-centered organization  ACSC should remain as one of the key platforms which civil society uses to exchange ideas and advance their inputs to ASEAN leaders and relevant policy-makers  Civil-Society should maintain its process as civil society-led and show willingness and readiness to engage with ASEAN and its Member Government  He organizing of ACSC should be improved from time to time through trying and experiencing