1. Cisco RoutersbDb Team WhiteHat Nomads Group
Security Hand Book
By: C0llect0r
Technical Editor : Amir Hossein Sharifi
© All Rights Reserved For bDb Team – WhiteHat Nomads Group 2005 - 2006

2. In the name of ALLAH
Another one got caught today, it's all over the papers. "Teenager
Arrested in Computer Crime Scandal", "Hacker Arrested after Bank Tampering"...
Damn kids. They're all alike.
But did you, in your three-piece psychology and 1950's technobrain,
ever take a look behind the eyes of the hacker? Did you ever wonder what
made him tick, what forces shaped him, what may have molded him?
I am a hacker, enter my world...
Mine is a world that begins with school... I'm smarter than most of
the other kids, this crap they teach us bores me...
Damn underachiever. They're all alike.
I'm in junior high or high school. I've listened to teachers explain
for the fifteenth time how to reduce a fraction. I understand it. "No, Ms.
Smith, I didn't show my work. I did it in my head..."
Damn kid. Probably copied it. They're all alike.
I made a discovery today. I found a computer. Wait a second, this is
cool. It does what I want it to. If it makes a mistake, it's because I
screwed it up. Not because it doesn't like me...
Or feels threatened by me...
Or thinks I'm a smart ass...
Or doesn't like teaching and shouldn't be here...
Damn kid. All he does is play games. They're all alike.
And then it happened... a door opened to a world...
rushing through
the phone line like heroin through an addict's veins,
an electronic pulse is
sent out, a refuge from the day-to-day incompetencies
is sought... a board isfound.
"This is it... this is where I belong..."
I know everyone here... even if I've never met them, never talked to
them, may never hear from them again... I know you all...
Damn kid. Tying up the phone line again. They're all alike...
You bet your ass we're all alike... we've been spoon-fed baby food at
school when we hungered for steak... the bits of meat that you did let slip
through were pre-chewed and tasteless. We've been dominated by sadists, or
ignored by the apathetic. The few that had something to teach found us will-
ing pupils, but those few are like drops of water in the desert.
This is our world now... the world of the electron and the switch, the
beauty of the baud. We make use of a service already existing without paying for what could be dirt-cheap if it wasn't run by profiteering gluttons,
and
you call us criminals. We explore... and you call us criminals. We seek after knowledge... and you call us criminals. We exist without skin color,
without nationality, without religious bias... and you call us criminals.You build atomic bombs, you wage wars, you murder, cheat, and lie to us
and try to make us believe it's for our own good, yet we're the criminals
Yes, I am a criminal. My crime is that of curiosity. My crime is
that of judging people by what they say and think, not what they look like.
My crime is that of outsmarting you, something that you will never forgive me
for.
I am a hacker, and this is my manifesto. You may stop this individual,
but you can't stop us all... after all, we're all alike.
A Hacker
bDb Members
Smurf C0nN3ct0r Armageddon ikillg0d White-Knight
Photo :Dr.Mudge L0pht Hackers

3. bDb Team - WhiteHat Nomads Group
Cisco Routers Security Hand Book
‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن‬ ‫درﺑﺎره‬
Author : C0llect0r
bDb Team ( Black_Devils B0ys Hackers )
Technical Editor : Amir Hossein Sharifi
WhiteHat Nomads Group
‫ﺷﺮﯾﻔﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻣﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻨﺪس‬
‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬‫اﯾﺮان‬ ‫ﺒﮑﻪ‬)‫وب‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬(

4. Contact us :
C0llect0r@SpYmAc.CoM info@Websecurity.ir
B0rn2h4k@YaHoO.CoM B0rn2h4k@Gmail.com
© CopyRight
All Rights Reserved For Black_Devils B0ys ® bDb Team – C0llect0r
All Rights Reserved For WhiteHat Nomads Group – Amir Hossein Sharifi
© Copy Right 2005 -2006
Special TNX 2
Shoaliesefid7,Invisible.boy,Farhad,Sp00f3r,elite,Majnoon,Satan,kami,p0fn0r,N0thing,D3vilB0x
Black Journal For the Iranian Network Administrators – Security Managers – BH Hackers
Alert for users & Readers
‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯿﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺬﮐﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻻزم‬‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬‫دارد‬ ‫آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﻓﺎ‬.‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫و‬
‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻋﮫﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ‬.‫وب‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﯾﺖ‬ ‫وﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪﮔﺎن‬ ‫و‬
‫ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ﻗﺒﺎل‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻮوﻟﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ھﯿﭻ‬-‫ا‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻮق‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬‫ﺷﯿﺎﻃﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺮان‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻧﺸﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻮچ‬ ‫ﺳﻔﯿﺪان‬ ‫ﮐﻼه‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ھﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺎه‬-‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺎن‬ ‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎم‬ ‫ذﮐﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻼﻣﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫ھﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬
Resources

5. ForewordCisco Security Hand Book By C0llect0r
‫در‬‫ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ‬ ‫دوران‬‫ﺑﺎور‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن‬
‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذﮔﺮان‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دﻓﺎع‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫دﻓﺎ‬‫ﻋ‬‫دﯾﻮاره‬ ‫ﭼﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﯽ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دﻓﺎﻋﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺧﻄﺮات‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫آ‬‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺐ‬
‫ھﺎ‬‫رو‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﻧﺪازه‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬‫ﻧ‬‫در‬ ‫دﻓﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫آﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻋ‬‫ره‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻤﻖ‬‫آ‬‫ور‬‫د‬‫آ‬‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن‬ ‫دﻧﯿﺎی‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺪه‬‫ﺷﻤﺮد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬‫و‬
‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻗﺪم‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذﮔﺮان‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎز‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬
‫دﯾﮕﺮی‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺪام‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻠﻮﺗﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺗﺮی‬‫ﭘﯿﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰی‬ ‫ﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﻨﺪ‬
‫ارا‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺮد‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻨﯽ‬‫ﯾﻪ‬‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫درﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎره‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫واﺿﺤﯽ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬
‫ﻣﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﮕﯽ‬‫اﯾﻦ‬‫زﻣﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫اداﻣﻪ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫دو‬
‫و‬ ‫آورﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺗﺮی‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮی‬ ‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮔﺮوھﯽ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﮑﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﮔﺎھﯽ‬.‫ﻣﺪت‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﯾﺒﺮی‬ ‫ﺟﻨﮓ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﻮﯾﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﯾﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺪا‬ ‫اداﻣﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﯽ‬.‫ﯾﮑ‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮ‬ ‫از‬‫زﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﻋﺎت‬‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﮋ‬‫ی‬‫دﻓﺎﻋﯽ‬‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬
‫ﻋﻤﻖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دﻓﺎﻋﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬‫و‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﺟﺰای‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاری‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫اﺟﺰای‬‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬ ‫اﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻼوه‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت‬ ‫اﺟﺰای‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺪان‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺮد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫را‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﺧﯿﺮ‬ ‫م‬‫ء‬‫ﺑﻌﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺮات‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻮن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﮫﺮه‬‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺴﻮب‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮﯾﺎب‬(Router)‫ﺑﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺪ‬
‫ﭘﯿﻮ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫اﻧﺪازی‬ ‫راه‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻓﺰاری‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﺖ‬‫ﺳﺘﻦ‬‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫در‬ ‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬
‫ﮔﺴ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ھﺎ‬‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﻮﺷﯿﺪه‬ ‫ﮐﺴﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺘﺮده‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻮده‬ ‫اﺟﺰاﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺮھﻮن‬ ‫ﺷﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﯽ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزی‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ‬‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺳﻮﯾ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬‫ﯿ‬‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫داد‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮش‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭻ‬‫آ‬‫ﻓﻦ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮدﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺮده‬ ‫ﻓﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬
‫اوری‬‫ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮود‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬‫ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬
‫آور‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺳﺎم‬ ‫ﺣﺪ‬‫زﯾﺎد‬ ‫ی‬‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ھﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﺎدﻻت‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬
‫ارﻣﻐﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻃﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎت‬ ‫از‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮی‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮش‬‫آ‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫و‬ ‫وردﻧﺪ‬‫ی‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰی‬ ‫آن‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻮده‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬‫رﯾﺴﮏ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫راھﺒﺮد‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫روی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺶ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫در‬
‫ﺷﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ھﺎی‬‫د‬
‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺰا‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬
‫ﺗﻌ‬‫ﺎ‬‫در‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯽ‬ ‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﯽ‬‫ﮐﺮد‬ ‫اﯾﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺖ‬‫ن‬‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫اﻣﺎن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذﮔﺮان‬ ‫ﺣﻤﻼت‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذﮔﺮان‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺎزدارﻧﺪه‬‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬‫در‬‫اﺑﺰار‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺎر‬‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ی‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬‫اﻧﺼﻮرت‬ ‫در‬‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮان‬‫ﺑﻪ‬‫اﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﮐﺮده‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺪا‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دﻓﺎع‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻨﯿﮏ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺗﻨﮫﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫اﺟﺰای‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻓﺘﺪ‬‫آ‬‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬‫آ‬‫اﻓﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﺪی‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻋﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ن‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﯾﻦ‬‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺪا‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫آن‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬.‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫در‬
‫ﺳﻌ‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﮔﺮدد‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮح‬ ‫ﺑﻨﯿﺎدی‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﺗﺎﮐﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﮑﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﺪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺸﻨﮫﺎد‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫از‬‫ﻣﺤﺘﺮم‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫اﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺪاﻗﻞ‬‫ﯾ‬‫راﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﯽ‬Network+‫ھﻤﭽﻨﯿ‬ ‫و‬‫دوره‬ ‫ﻦ‬Pre
cisco‫ﻗﺒﯿﻞ‬ ‫از‬Introduction to cisco Networking technologies (ICND)‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬.‫را‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫را‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻠﯽ‬ ‫آﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﯿﺎدﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫دوﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻃﻮری‬
‫ﺑﮕﯿﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮا‬
‫راھﻨﻤﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬–‫واﻗﻌﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬‫ﻧﺎﭘﺬﯾﺮ‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻨﺎب‬
‫ﺟﺪ‬‫ﭘﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ول‬
‫ﺳﺮ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﮕﺬراﻧﻨﺪ‬‫اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺪارک‬ ‫درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﻞ‬ ‫و‬‫وﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬–‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﯽ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬
‫اﻗﺎی‬Jeffery A. Martin‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬‫ﺑﮕﺬراﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬-‫ﮐﺴﺎ‬‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯽ‬

6. ‫ﺧﺼﻮص‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ‬‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﻮح‬ ‫ﻣﺪارک‬ ‫درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬‫در‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاری‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺟﺬب‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺣﺘﯽ‬ICP‫و‬ISP
‫ﺣﺪودی‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮان‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﺪام‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬‫راﯾﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻨﺪس‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫داﻧﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪارﮐﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬
‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎه‬ ‫در‬‫دﮐﺘﺮا‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻨﺪس‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮔﺬراﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﯿﺎس‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫اﺻﻼ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬
‫ﺗﺌﻮر‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫راﯾﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻨﺪس‬‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎری‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ی‬.‫ﺟﮫﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫آﺳﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪارک‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﯿﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دور‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻨﺪه‬ ‫داﻧﺸﮕﺎھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪارک‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺲ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮ‬‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺎ‬ ‫اﺟﺘﻨﺎب‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ان‬.‫ﭼﯿﺰی‬ ‫ﮔﺎھﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫در‬‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺪ‬‫آﯾ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺪ‬‫در‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧﺸﯿﻦ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰ‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫و‬
Fashion TV‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﯽ‬J
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دوﺳﺘﺎن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺶ‬ ‫دھﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺣﺪود‬ ‫در‬ ‫دوراﻧﯽ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺟﻠﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﯽ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺖ‬
‫ﺑﮕﻮﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻦ‬ ‫ﭘﺮ‬ ‫دھﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻔﺮاﻧﺴﯽ‬‫ﻧﻔﮫﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰی‬ ‫ﮐﺴﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬‫آری‬ ‫ﺑﮕﻮ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬:
Transmission control protocol / Internet protocol‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬TCP/IP‫ﺧﻮدﻣﺎن‬‫اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺘﻌﺎرف‬.‫در‬ ‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزه‬‫ﺳﻄ‬‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﻮرد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﯽ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬
‫آﻧﺮا‬ ‫دھﻨﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ ‫اورﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎم‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬
‫ﺑﺪاﻧﻨﺪ‬‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫داﻧﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﮑﺸﻨﺪ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮان‬ ‫رخ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺎم‬ ‫ذﮐﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫دارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﯾﯽ‬
‫ﻓﺎﻗ‬ ‫اﺷﺨﺎص‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫وآﺳﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﮫﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻮرد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫راه‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎر‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﺑﺒﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺎن‬ ‫اﺷﺘﺒﺎه‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻓﯽ‬ ‫اﺷﺨﺎص‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬.‫ﮔﻮﯾﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﮫﺪ‬ ‫اﯾﺮان‬ ‫ﮐﺸﻮر‬Microsoft‫و‬Cisco Systems‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬.‫ﮐﺸﻮ‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﭼﺮا‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬‫ر‬
‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ھﻤﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫دﻧﯿﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬)‫ﺧﯿﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬(‫رﺗﺒﻪ‬ ‫در‬60-70‫دﻧﯿﺎ‬‫ای‬ ‫راﯾﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬‫ﻗﺮار‬
‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫اﯾﺮان‬ ‫ﮔﺮﯾﺒﺎﻧﮕﯿﺮ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﯾﮑﺮوﺳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻐﺰھﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﺮار‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻤﺎ‬ ‫دارﯾﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ادﻋﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﻓﺮادی‬ ‫ﻌﺪاد‬‫ا‬‫را‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫رک‬‫دارﻧﺪ‬‫ﮐﻢ‬‫ھﻢ‬‫اﻟﺒﺘ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬‫اﺷﺨﺎﺻﯽ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺮده‬ ‫درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﺮان‬ ‫ﻋﺰﯾﺰﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﺸﻮر‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرک‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﻤﮕﯽ‬ ‫را‬
‫وﻟﯽ‬‫ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪار‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮑﻪ‬‫ﮐﻤﯽ‬‫ذھﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫دور‬
‫رﺳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬–‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫اﻓﺮاد‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻮرد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻟﺐ‬‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻮال‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﻠﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬Sub Net‫ﺳﻮاﻟﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دادن‬ ‫ﺟﻮاب‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﯿﺪه‬
‫ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰی‬ ‫واﻗﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻧﻪ‬‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻨﺪﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪارک‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﻪ‬
Microsoft‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﺎدق‬ ‫داﺳﺘﺎن‬ ‫ھﻤﺒﻦ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬–‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮ‬ ‫آﯾﺎ‬‫ﮐﺴﺐ‬ ‫دﻧﺒﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻈﺎھﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬
‫ﺷﻮﯾﻢ‬ ‫رھﺴﭙﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮم‬ ‫ان‬
‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫داﻧﺴﺘﻦ‬‫اﺷﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮد‬ ‫ﻟﻄﻒ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﮫﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﮔﺬراﻧﯿﺪن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد‬ ‫زﻣﺎن‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﭙﺎرﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺮا‬ ‫ﺷﻮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫ھﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻮق‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﮔﺬراﻧﺪن‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪﻣﻨﻈﻮر‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮده‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫اﻧﮕﺸﺘﺎن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫و‬‫ی‬‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺬﺑﻮر‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﻮﻧﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻄ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﻌﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫آورد‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻻزم‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫آﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺸﻨﮫﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺒﯿﻖ‬
‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﺐ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫در‬ ‫آﺧﺮ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرک‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫اﺧﺬ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ھﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻮدن‬‫آ‬‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻓﺮاوان‬ ‫ﮐﺎری‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺮب‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻼ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺼﺎن‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫زﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه‬
‫ﺷﻮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬
‫ﻓﺎرس‬ ‫ﺧﻠﯿﺞ‬ ‫ﺣﻮزه‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﺸﻮر‬ ‫در‬‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪادی‬ ‫اﯾﺮان‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎت‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﯽ‬ ‫و‬
‫و‬ ‫آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎھﯽ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺖ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺋﺰ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫زﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰی‬ ‫آن‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫دھﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎت‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ھﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬‫اراﺋﻪ‬‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺤ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻗﺺ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﺸﺮده‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺪود‬‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺎزدﯾﺪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺧﻮدﺗﺎن‬‫آ‬‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﺎت‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫زﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه‬
‫ﺑﺒﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫در‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺴﺐ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮی‬ ‫ﯾﺎد‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬
‫اﺳ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺎر‬‫ﺎﺗﯿ‬‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮه‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺗﺠﮫﯿﺰات‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﺠﺎ‬ ‫از‬‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬‫ﻣﻘﺮون‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﮑﺎن‬
‫ا‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﻤﻮﻻﺗﻮر‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺸﻨﮫﺎد‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﻓﺰاری‬‫ﺗﻤﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪادی‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬course‫اﻣﺘﺤﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﻄﻮرﯾﮑﻪ‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺪان‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪد‬ ‫ھﺎی‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﺮده‬ ‫آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬‫ﺑﯿﺎزﻣﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬراﻧﺪن‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﺐ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﮔﺬراﻧﺪن‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮض‬ ‫اﯾﻨﻄﻮر‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬
‫دوره‬CCNA‫دوره‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬CCNP‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺻﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﭼﻮﻧﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﻣﺪارک‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺸﯽ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮوﯾﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻨﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺮا‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫درک‬‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﮑﺎن‬ ‫اﺻﻼ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﻔﺎھﯿﻢ‬
‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺿﺮوری‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻻزم‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﺧﺎص‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪادی‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬
‫ﺟﺪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ‬‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ول‬

7. ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬Cisco Systems
‫ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺤﺎت‬‫ﭘﯿﺸﻨﮫﺎدی‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬‫دوره‬ ‫ﻧﺎم‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬
OSI model – TCP/IP –Basic of
Networks and protocols
Pre Cisco
Introduction Cisco Networking
Devices (ICND)
Introduction to Cisco
Networking technologies
(ICNT)
‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﯾﭻ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬
‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬–‫ﻋﯿﺐ‬ ‫رﻓﻊ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬–‫اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬
Introduction Cisco Networking
Devices (ICND)
Introduction to Cisco
Networking technologies
(ICNT)
CCNA ( Cisco certified Network
Associate )
‫اﺟﺮای‬‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺼﺼﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﻨﯽ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬–Multi
layer Switching technologies–
‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺒﻮد‬LAN‫روﺗﺮ‬
‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﻮﯾﭻ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎی‬
‫ﮔﺸﺘﺮده‬WAN-‫ﮐﺴﺘﺮاﻧﯿﺪن‬VPN
–‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺰدﯾﮏ‬‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬
‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﺎھﺶ‬-
‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻼت‬ ‫رﻓﻊ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ‬
‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬
Building Scalable Inter
network ( BCSI )
Building Cisco multilayer
Switched Networks ( BCMSN)
Building Cisco remote Access
Networks ( BCRAN )
Cisco Inter Network
Troubleshooting Support (CIT)
CCNP ( Cisco Certified
Network Professional )
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻓﻪ‬ ‫داﻧﺶ‬
‫ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه‬ ‫ھﺎی‬.‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﻮﯾﭻ‬
‫ھﺎی‬Dial Access‫و‬LAN‫و‬WAN
Building Scalable Inter
network ( BCSI )
Building Cisco multilayer
Switched Networks ( BCMSN)
Designing Cisco Network
Architecture ( ARCH )
CCDP ( Cisco Certified Design
professional )
‫ﻓﻨﯽ‬ ‫داﻧﺶ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬
‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬
CCIE Communications and
Services
CIE Routing and Switching
CCIE Security
CCIE Voice
CCIE ( Cisco Certified Internet
Working Expert )
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻮارد‬ ‫ھﻤﻪ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺦ‬ ‫ﮐﻼم‬J
CISSP

8. ‫دوﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ‬‫دوره‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرک‬ ‫ﺑﮕﺬارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻘﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬
‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺖ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫درﯾﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫را‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬‫ﺳﻄ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﯽ‬ ‫داﻧﺶ‬ ‫ح‬CCDP‫ﮔ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﯾﻞ‬‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺮدﯾﺪه‬
‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫آن‬ ‫ھﮏ‬ ‫ﺿﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﮏ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روش‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻠﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺪارﯾﻢ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫آﻣﻮزش‬ ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫اﺷﺎراﺗﯽ‬‫ﺳﻌ‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻗﺴﻤﺘﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﭙﺮدازﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫اراﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﻢ‬
‫ﭘﺮداﺧﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺪاول‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﻃ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذﮔﺮی‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روش‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪادی‬‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫اﺟﻤﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻮر‬
‫ﺷﻤﺮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذ‬ ‫ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪ‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ﺑﻠﮑﻪ‬ ‫داد‬ ‫ﻧﺨﻮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎن‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬‫ی‬
‫ھ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻮر‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﭘﺮدارﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬‫ﺎی‬‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﻤﺮاه‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺑ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎت‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮداری‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺮه‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫داﺧﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮫﺒﻮد‬
‫ﺧﺮاﺑﮑﺎری‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‬‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫اﺷﺎره‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺪان‬ ‫ﻋﻼﻗﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذﮔﺮی‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪا‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذﮔﺮان‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪی‬ ‫دﻓﺎﻋﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺖ‬ ‫در‬
‫اﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬‫ﺑﻨﯿﺎدی‬ ‫و‬OSI‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰی‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺎﺳﻔﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻄﻮف‬‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫از‬Secure
‫ﺑﮫﺒﻮد‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫اﻗﺪاﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰی‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﻃﻼق‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬Application layer
‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮده‬

9. ‫ﺑﻮﯾﺰه‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻨﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮی‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﺖ‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﭽﻪ‬physical Layer‫و‬Data link layer
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮ‬ ‫زﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻓﯿﺰﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫اﺟﺰای‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﻨﯿﺎدی‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﮫﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﮏ‬ ‫ﺳﺮی‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫آﺷﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﯾﯿﻢ‬
‫داد‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﺣﻮزه‬ ‫دو‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫را‬
1. Router Access configuration
2. Router List Configuration
‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪا‬Router Access Configuration‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﺷﻨﺎ‬‫را‬ ‫ﺳﺎده‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎت‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﺑﺴﭙﺎرﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻃﺮ‬.‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﯿﺤﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻼوه‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﺪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬
‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﺿﺎﻓﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧﺎص‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻮرات‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮی‬ ‫ﯾﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﯿﻢ‬‫داد‬ ‫ﺧﻮھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﺷﮑﺎﻓﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬ ‫را‬ ‫دوم‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺲ‬
‫اﺻ‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫در‬‫از‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫در‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻮری‬ ‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻮل‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎن‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﮐﺘﺎﺑﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎوت‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫در‬
‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺪھﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻓﺮد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ‬ ‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻮرات‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬CCNA‫ﺑﺎ‬‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬
‫ﺷﻮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫آﺷﻨﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺤﺼﺎری‬
‫ﻣﺪل‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬2500‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ‬UPS‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫آﺗﺶ‬ ‫دﯾﻮاره‬ ‫و‬IDS‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎھﺪه‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬

10. BasicCisco Security Hand Book By C0llect0r
‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ‬ ‫اﺷﻨﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫دوﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻔﺎھﯿﻢ‬
‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫زﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻋﺰﯾﺰ‬ ‫دوﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬
‫درک‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫دوﺳﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻢ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺸﻨﮫﺎد‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﺮﻣﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮ‬‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬ ‫ی‬
‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﮫﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬‫ﻣﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﮐﺖ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫از‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬Microsoft‫و‬IBM‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاردی‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻮدن‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬RFC‫ﻣﺤﺘﺮم‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻧﻨﺪﮔﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﮐﺪام‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎرﯾﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮدﯾﻢ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺨﺮاج‬‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﮫﯿﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﯾﺰم‬ ‫دوﺳﺖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﮐﻤﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬‫ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬‫ﮐﺮدﻧﺪ‬
‫دا‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯿﺪ‬Wide Area Network‫ﻧﺎﻣﺤﺪودی‬ ‫ﺟﻐﺮاﻓﯿﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮه‬ ‫در‬
‫ﮔﺴﺘ‬‫ﺮ‬‫در‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺮح‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎن‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ده‬WAN‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫اﯾ‬ ‫دھﻨﺪھﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫اﺟﺰای‬‫ﻣﺤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻨﯽ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮه‬ ‫ﻦ‬LAN‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬‫ﻧﺤﻮی‬‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫دز‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ھﻨﻮز‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎن‬
‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮوف‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺎن‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫روﻧﺪ‬LAN‫از‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬
‫ﭘﻞ‬)Bridge(‫و‬Gateway‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮﯾﺎب‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫و‬(Router)
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎﺗﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺸﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﮑﻞ‬ ‫در‬WAN‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎھﺪه‬ ‫را‬
‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻓﺮض‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺷﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﺮی‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮط‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬
‫از‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﯿﺮﯾﺪ‬‫ﻣﺤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬A‫ﻣﺤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬E‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﺮود‬
‫ﺧﺎص‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﺎم‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ‬‫در‬
‫ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺮور‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬.‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮط‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬‫رھﺴﭙﺎ‬‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ر‬

11. ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬‫ی‬‫ﺑﺮای‬‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎدن‬‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ‬‫ﻋﮫﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﺘﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫روﺗﺮی‬‫را‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬‫ه‬‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﯿ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﻨﻤﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺛﺒﺖ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺶ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎده‬‫را‬ ‫ﺎن‬‫ه‬‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫ﺗﮑﺮار‬.‫ﺧﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﻦ‬‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎن‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫ﮏ‬‫ی‬‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪدی‬
‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‬tracert‫و‬Traceroute‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫در‬*NIX‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫زا‬ ‫ای‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬
‫دﻧﺒﺎل‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻮد‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﮫﻤﯿﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﻣﯿ‬ ‫ﯽ‬‫ﮕﺬر‬‫ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫د‬
‫ﺳﺎﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬com.google.www‫را‬tracert‫ھﻤﺮاه‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻧﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬IP‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ھﺮﮐﺪام‬
‫اﻏﻠ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دھﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫دوﺑﺎره‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪاری‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬‫ﺐ‬‫ﻣﺸﺎھﺪه‬ ‫اوﻗﺎت‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬‫ﻣﻘ‬ ‫ﻃﺮف‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬‫ﺼ‬‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎده‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺴ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺟﺪول‬ ‫اﺛﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻮدﯾﺪ‬‫ﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﯿﺮ‬Routing Tables‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ر‬ ‫درون‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬ ‫در‬ ‫داﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺮ‬‫ر‬‫و‬‫ﺟﺪا‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬‫ول‬
‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺰ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﮫﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﮐﺪام‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺪھﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﺷﻮﯾﺪ‬ ‫آﺷﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
Bridge:‫دو‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﻓﺰاری‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬LAN‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫آن‬ ‫از‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑ‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روش‬ ‫در‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎوت‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻪ‬‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬‫د‬‫ر‬
‫دو‬ ‫رﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻃﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﭙﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎور‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫دوم‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺘﮫﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺎﺑﺮاﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮕﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬LAN
‫از‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺘﮫﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫دﯾﺠﯿﺘﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻮط‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫از‬
‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻖ‬‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ی‬‫ﭘﻞ‬‫ﺳﻨ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺎھﺶ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ﯽ‬
‫را‬ ‫آﻧﭽﻨﺎن‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫اﻧﺒﻮه‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬‫ه‬‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫ا‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬‫را‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﻨﺎی‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪاری‬ ‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬ ‫ذاﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﯿﺪ‬ ‫آﺷﻨﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﻮﯾﭻ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺮ‬
‫اﺧﺘﺼ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻗﯽ‬ ‫دھﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺎص‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﺳﻮم‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫دوم‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬‫دور‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫ھﺎی‬‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬
‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻨﻮﻧﯽ‬ ‫وﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫داﺷﺘﻪ‬‫اﻓﺰون‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫رو‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪاد‬‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬
‫ﻣﺰﯾﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﺮﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺮون‬ ‫روش‬‫در‬‫ھﺎﯾ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫آن‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬‫ﯽ‬‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬
‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬TCP/IP‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬NET BIOS‫و‬NET Beui‫دارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺮاواﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدھﺎی‬.‫ﭘﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺟﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ھﺎ‬Network Layer‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬Data Link‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫داﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬‫ﺧﺎص‬‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎری‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫و‬
‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت‬ ‫ھﺎی‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺰﯾﺖ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬‫ھﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪاﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫در‬
‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬
‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﮫﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوﺗﯽ‬ ‫وﻇﺎﯾﻒ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬
‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺮد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﺳﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮﻣﯽ‬BackBone‫ﭘﺸﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬
‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺮات‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻮن‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺻﻠﯽ‬‫ﻋﺮﯾﺾ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﮫﻨﺎھﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫اﺻﻮل‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮده‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫آوری‬ ‫ﻓﻦ‬ ‫اﺻﻮﻻ‬ ‫آورﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﺮاھﻢ‬
‫ھ‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺮوی‬‫و‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﯽ‬ ‫ﺎی‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺮاوان‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺪاﯾﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬

12. ‫رﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮد‬ ‫ﻧﺎم‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫دوﻧﻮع‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت‬ ‫از‬
‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎﻃﺎت‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫در‬)‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻮﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬(
Gateway:‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫دﻧﺒﺎل‬‫ﺑﺮوﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬‫وﻣﻔﮫﻮم‬Gateway‫ﺷﻮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﯾﺎ‬ ‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬.‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﺪ‬
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫دﯾﺪ‬‫اراﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺧﺎص‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮم‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﮐﺪام‬ ‫ھﺮ‬‫ﻣﯽ‬‫دھﻨﺪ‬‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮﻣ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﺷﯽ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫از‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻣﯽ‬‫اﺷﺎره‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫زﯾﺎدی‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ‬Gateway‫ﻻﯾﻨ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻓﻪ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫راه‬ ‫ﺑﺰرگ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ی‬ ‫ﺑﺮا‬‫ﻣﺠﺎور‬‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺳﺮور‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﮐﺴﯽ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻃﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬Proxy Server‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﺧﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ﯿﻦ‬WAN
‫ﮔﯿﺮدﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬Gateway‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬‫ﮐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮم‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺠﺎ‬ ‫در‬Gateway‫ﺳﺮور‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﮐﺴﯽ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬
‫دارد‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬.‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮم‬‫اﻓﺰارھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬IP‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬
‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺲ‬ ‫ﮔﺬراﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻠﻒ‬‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬‫ﭘﻞ‬‫ﮔﺮوه‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬Gateway‫ﺟﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﺎ‬ ‫دارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻖ‬
‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﯽ‬‫ﻧﻤﯿﮕﯿﺮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻔﮫﻮم‬Gateway‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬Gateway
‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬
‫ﭘﺮ‬ ‫از‬‫و‬‫ﺗﮑﻞ‬TCP-IP‫ﺑﺴ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬‫ﯿﺎر‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬Gateway‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﮐﺎﻣﭙﺎﯾﻠﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬
‫ھﺎ‬‫ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ی‬‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﻃﻼق‬ ‫ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬IPX Netware‫ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬IP‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫دﻗﺖ‬‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﯾﮑﺪﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫وﺻﻞ‬ ‫ر‬WAN‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮدی‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزه‬
‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ان‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬
Routers:‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻋﮫﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫وﺳﺎﯾﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬
‫ﮔﻔﺘ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮﻧﺪ‬‫داﺧﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻮم‬ ‫ﻻﯾﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫وﻗﺘﯽ‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‬ ‫وﻗﺘﯽ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫داﺧﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺧﺎرج‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬LAN2LAN‫ﯾﺎ‬LAN2WAN‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫از‬
‫ﮔﺮدد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻊ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻮﺗﺎه‬ ‫ﭘﺴﺘﭽﯽ‬
‫ا‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ‬‫ﯾﺴ‬‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫دھﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫روی‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﯿﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ھﯿﭻ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫ﺘﮕﺎه‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫و‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮی‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎھﺪه‬Gateway‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬‫آ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺮا‬‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺪ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮ‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫ھﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎر‬ ‫دﺷﺎن‬‫د‬‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫ھﻮﺷﻤﻨﺪاﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫و‬

13. ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﺮض‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﻮد‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫دﯾﺪن‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﻨﮕﺎم‬Webpage‫دﻗﯿﻘﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪﯾﻦ‬‫ﺑﺎﯾﺪ‬‫ﺣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﺮدﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺒﺮ‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ﮐﺴﺮی‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮد‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿﻪ‬ ‫از‬‫د‬‫ھﻢ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬‫آ‬‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺎن‬‫آ‬‫ﺳﺎن‬‫آ‬‫ﻧﺮا‬
‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫دﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬
‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮوف‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬Routing Tables‫ﺟ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬‫ﭘﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﻮده‬ ‫داﯾﻨﺎﻣﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺪاول‬‫و‬‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺗﮑﻞ‬
‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫داﺧﻠﯽ‬Routing Information protocol (RIP)‫و‬Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺪل‬ ‫و‬ ‫رد‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻐﺎم‬ ‫داﺋﻤﯽ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ‬
Gateway‫ھﺎ‬‫ی‬‫داﻧ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮس‬ ‫در‬‫ﻧﮕﺎه‬ ‫ﺟﺪول‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺟﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﻮده‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺪام‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻮﺗﺎ‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫راھﯽ‬ ‫آﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬‫اﻗﺪام‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﭙﺲ‬ ‫و‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬Encryption‫و‬Authentication‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اداﻣﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮدد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﻋﻤﺎل‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫روی‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬
‫اﺷﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ره‬
‫دﺳﺘﻮر‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﺪول‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎھﺪه‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬route Print‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
)‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫دوره‬‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻮ‬‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬‫از‬‫اﺷﮑﺎل‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﯾﺎﺑﯽ‬‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬‫ﭘﯿﺸﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬‫ﺗﺮ‬‫ﻣﺪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫روی‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻤﺮﮐﺰ‬ ‫اﻣﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻊ‬ ‫و‬ ‫رن‬
‫ﻧﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫واﺣﺪی‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد‬ ‫ﻣﻘﯿﺎس‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬Hop‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮔﻮﯾﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫اﯾﺴﺘﮕﺎه‬Forwarding‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬Hop‫در‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺶ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺷﻤ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﺿﺎﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﺎرﻧﺪه‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪای‬ ‫در‬
RIP‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺶ‬ ‫ﺳﻘﻒ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬16‫ﺟﮫﺶ‬‫ﺑﺮای‬‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺶ‬ ‫ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ‬
‫ﺷﻮد‬‫اﻃﻼﻋ‬ ‫ارﺳﺎل‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬‫از‬ ‫ﮐﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺎت‬16‫ﺳﺎز‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺶ‬‫را‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫د‬
‫ﯾ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺼﻮرت‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫آﻣﺪه‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺶ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺎھﯽ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﺮی‬ ‫ﮐﻮﺗﺎه‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﮏ‬
‫ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫وب‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫آوردن‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻼوه‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎﻧﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻈﻪ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬‫ھﻤﭽﻮن‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ‬‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬
‫اﺗ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﺮض‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬‫ﺎ‬‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮده‬ ‫وﺻﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ھﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ن‬
‫ھ‬ ‫اوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬‫ﻣﺴﯿﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻤﯿﻦ‬Routing‫ﺗﺮاﻓﯿﮏ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺧﯿﺮ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺚ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬
‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫اﺧﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺣﺪی‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬
‫از‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬‫ﭼﮫ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‬ ‫ر‬TCP/IP‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫ﭼﮫﺎر‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬
‫دھﻨﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫اﺟﺰای‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر‬Gateway‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫اﻋﻀﺎی‬ ‫دھﻨﺪه‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﻦ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺟﺮا‬ ‫اﺻﻞ‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬ ‫در‬TCP/IP‫از‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫ﭼﮫﺎر‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﻨﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﮑﺖ‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬
‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬RIP‫و‬OSPF‫و‬Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)‫و‬Exterior Gateway Protocol (EGP)‫دو‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬
‫داﺧﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ﮔﻔﺘﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮر‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬Gateway‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬
‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫داﺧﻞ‬ ‫در‬LAN‫و‬WAN‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬‫ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺰو‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫دو‬Gateway
‫از‬ ‫ﺧﺎرج‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫دھﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬LAN‫و‬WAN‫ﮔﺮدﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬
‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬Internet Work operating System ( IOS )‫در‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎﻧﯽ‬
‫ﭘﺮوﺗﮑﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﮑﻮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺬﯾﺮی‬ ‫اﺳﯿﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﭽﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪی‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫ﺧﺎرﺟﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫داﺧﻠﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬Gateway‫ھﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﻢ‬
‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫اﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﺑﻊ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫اورﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ارﻣﻐﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫اﻣﺮوزی‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻓﺮاﯾﻨﺪی‬ ‫دو‬‫ﯾﺎ‬
‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺠﯽ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬Authentication‫ﯾﻌﻨﯽ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫رﻣﺰﻧﮕﺎری‬ ‫و‬Encryption‫ﺑﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫ﺪ‬
‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫اﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬‫آ‬‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺖ‬‫آ‬ ‫ﯾﺎﺑﯿﺪ‬ ‫در‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﭘﮑﺘ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫اﻣﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ادﻋﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ازﺟﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬‫را‬ ‫ادﻋﺎ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺖ‬ ‫و‬

14. ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫روﺷﻦ‬‫رﻣﺰﮔﺬ‬ ‫و‬‫ا‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﮔﺮدان‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫را‬ ‫داده‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺪان‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ری‬
‫در‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮل‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬‫آ‬‫اﺳﺎس‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎری‬ ‫رﻣﺰ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺎﯾﻪ‬ ‫ورﯾﺪ‬‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫دادی‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮ‬ ‫درک‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﺬارﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﺗﺨﺎذ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺪا‬ ‫در‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﻓﺮم‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫ﻋﻮض‬
‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫رﻣﺰﮔﺬاری‬‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎزﮔﻮ‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻮذ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫دھﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎن‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﻔﮫﻮﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﻪ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﯾﻘﯽ‬‫آ‬‫ﮐﻨ‬ ‫رﻣﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫داﻧﺴﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ ‫ورﯾﺪ‬‫ﻧﺪارد‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﻓﺎﯾﺪه‬ ‫ھﯿﭻ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻨﺪه‬‫ﻓﺮض‬
‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻐﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﺮدﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫داد‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮان‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎری‬ ‫رﻣﺰ‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﯾﻔﯽ‬ ‫وآﻗﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬
‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻐﺎم‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫دزدﯾﺪه‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻐﺎم‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫راه‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﻢ‬
00y24j9k10v21i8g600g9c2v210100p15q16o14c2f5u20
‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﮔﺸﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫رﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫دھﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎن‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬
Abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
0123456789
a=1 b=2 c=3 d=4 …… y=25 , z=26
00=Capital
01=space
Coding Algoritm : ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ à ‫ﺟﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دوﺟﮫﺶ‬ à ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﮫﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬
Example: a à c à c3 à c2
‫ﻋﮑﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﯾﺴﺘﯽ‬ ‫اﺻﻠﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫آوردن‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬
‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﮐﺪ‬ ‫رﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻨﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬v21‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮد‬V22‫ﺣﺮف‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﮫﺶ‬ ‫دو‬ ‫و‬T‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫و‬
‫اﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﮐﻠﻤﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫ھﻤﯿﻦ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﮔﺎھﯽ‬‫ﺻﻮرت‬ ‫اﻋﻤﺎﻟﯽ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬ ‫رﻣﺰ‬ ‫ھﻨﮕﺎم‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻣﯿﮕﯿﺮد‬ ‫ﻗﺮار‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﻧﮕﺎری‬ ‫رﻣﺰ‬ ‫روش‬ ‫ﺷﺪن‬ ‫ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬‫ﻣﺘﻨﺎﻇﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬
‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﮐﺮدن‬.‫ﺣﮑﻤﻔﺮ‬ ‫اﺻﻮل‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮدﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎھﺪه‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎﻟﯽ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ھﺎ‬ ‫رﻣﺰﻧﮕﺎری‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺎل‬
‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫را‬ ‫اﺑﺘﺪاﯾﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺎده‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل‬‫دﻻری‬ ‫ﻣﯿﻠﯿﻮن‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮل‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﺮدﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬ ‫اﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﮫﻤﯿﺪن‬ ‫ای‬
‫ﺑﻌﻀﺎ‬ ‫و‬‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬‫اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫دارای‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫آﻧﻘﺪر‬ ‫دﻧﯿﺎ‬ ‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن‬ ‫دﻻری‬ ‫ﻣﯿﻠﯿﺎرد‬‫ھﺎی‬‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﭘﯿﭽﯿﺪه‬
‫داﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ‬ ‫اﻣﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﻧﮫﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺸﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫رﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫داﻧﺴﺘﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺪون‬ ‫ﺗﻮان‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‬‫ﮐ‬ ‫رﯾﺎﺿﯿﺎﺗﯽ‬‫در‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫اﻟﮕ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﮫﯿﻪ‬‫ھﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺸﻮﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺎده‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬‫ﺗﺼﻮر‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮل‬ ‫ﻧﻮع‬‫ﺑﺸﺮ‬‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎرج‬‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮل‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪ‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺗﺮﯾﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬‫ﺻ‬‫وﻟﮕﺎرﯾﺘ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ای‬ ‫آراﯾﻪ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻢ‬‫دارﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺶ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮل‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﯿﻠﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬
‫دا‬ ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺪرن‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﮐﻼﺳﯿﮏ‬ ‫رﻣﺰﻧﮕﺎری‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺪ‬ ‫درزﻣﯿﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫دوﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﮐﻼم‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻮر‬ ‫اﻧﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫درک‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬-‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﺧﺖ‬ ‫رﯾﺎﺿﯽ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮل‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫ﮔﺸﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫رﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬‫اﻃﻼﻋﺎت‬‫ﺑﺮ‬
‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫دارﯾﺪ‬ ‫اﺣﺎﻃﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﯾﺴﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺪاری‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺘﯽ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺪان‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﮕﻮرﯾﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬coder/decoder‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬ ‫را‬
‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎھﯿﻢ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫دھﻨﺪھﯽ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﮐﻠﯿﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﻮدﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﭽﻪ‬Routing
‫ﺑﻮد‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫در‬‫آ‬‫ھﻤﺮا‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺳﺮﯾﻌﺘﺮ‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮی‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮده‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﻨﺪه‬‫ﺗﮑﻨﻮ‬ ‫ه‬‫ﻟﻮ‬‫ژ‬‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ی‬
‫ھﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮی‬Classless Inte-Domain Routing ( CIDR )‫و‬Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6 or IPNG)
‫ﺟﺰ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫اھﻤﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮان‬ ‫اﻓﺰون‬ ‫روز‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ھﻤﺮاه‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺤﻮل‬‫ء‬‫اﻓﺰاری‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬
‫آن‬ ‫ھﻤﺮاه‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺴﺎزد‬ ‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺎن‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ‬ ‫را‬‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‬‫ﺳﻌ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﮑﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬‫ﯽ‬‫ﺗﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﻢ‬
‫ﺑﭙﺮدازﯾﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺪی‬
‫ﺑﺮای‬‫ﺟﺪاول‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮات‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻤﺎت‬ ‫اﯾﺠﺎد‬Routing‫ﻓﺮاﻣﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﯾﭻ‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ‬ ‫ھﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ‬ ‫و‬
‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫از‬ ‫دﯾﮕﺮ‬route‫ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺴﺘﯿﺪ‬ ‫ای‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻓﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﺎرﺑﺮ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﮕﯿﺮﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺮه‬ ‫ﺧﻮد‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺮ‬ ‫در‬
‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫زﯾﺎد‬ ‫اﺣﺘﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﺼﻮرت‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻨﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫دﺳﺘﮑﺎری‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺸﻔﺮض‬‫ﺧﻮاھﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺟﻪ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻼﻻﺗﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬
‫داﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﺗﺎن‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﯿﺢ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫دوﺑﺎره‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ارﺗﺒﺎط‬ ‫ﮐﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬
C:Documents and SettingsB0rn2h4k>route /?
Manipulates network routing tables.
ROUTE [-f] [-p] [command [destination]
[MASK netmask] [gateway] [METRIC metric] [IF interface]

15. -f Clears the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is
used in conjunction with one of the commands, the tables are
cleared prior to running the command.
-p When used with the ADD command, makes a route persistent across
boots of the system. By default, routes are not preserved
when the system is restarted. Ignored for all other commands,
which always affect the appropriate persistent routes. This
option is not supported in Windows 95.
command One of these:
PRINT Prints a route
ADD Adds a route
DELETE Deletes a route
CHANGE Modifies an existing route
destination Specifies the host.
MASK Specifies that the next parameter is the 'netmask' value.
netmask Specifies a subnet mask value for this route entry.
If not specified, it defaults to 255.255.255.255.
gateway Specifies gateway.
interface the interface number for the specified route.
METRIC specifies the metric, ie. cost for the destination.
All symbolic names used for destination are looked up in the network database
file NETWORKS. The symbolic names for gateway are looked up in the host name
database file HOSTS.
If the command is PRINT or DELETE. Destination or gateway can be a wildcard,
(wildcard is specified as a star '*'), or the gateway argument may be omitted.
If Dest contains a * or ?, it is treated as a shell pattern, and only
matching destination routes are printed. The '*' matches any string,
and '?' matches any one char. Examples: 157.*.1, 157.*, 127.*, *224*.
Diagnostic Notes:
Invalid MASK generates an error, that is when (DEST & MASK) != DEST.
Example> route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 155.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 IF 1
The route addition failed: The specified mask parameter is invalid.
(Destination & Mask) != Destination.
Examples:
> route PRINT
> route ADD 157.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 157.55.80.1 METRIC 3 IF 2
destination^ ^mask ^gateway metric^ ^
Interface^
If IF is not given, it tries to find the best interface for a given
gateway.
> route PRINT
> route PRINT 157* .... Only prints those matching 157*
> route CHANGE 157.0.0.0 MASK 255.0.0.0 157.55.80.5 METRIC 2 IF 2
CHANGE is used to modify gateway and/or metric only.
> route PRINT
> route DELETE 157.0.0.0
> route PRINT
C:Documents and SettingsB0rn2h4k>
‫اﯾ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬‫ﮐﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮی‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ‬ ‫ھﻨﮕﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﮐﺎری‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﮐﻨﺘﺮل‬ ‫ﻣﻞ‬
‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﮔﺬاﺷﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎز‬‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﮑﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﻓﺎﯾﻞ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺰاﺗﯽ‬ ‫ھﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺘﺮ‬‫ﻧﺴﺨ‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬‫ﻪ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﮫﯿﻪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺘﯿﺒﺎن‬

16. SETUPCisco Security Hand Book By C0llect0r
‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﮫﺒﻮد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺬار‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬‫اﻣﻨﯿﺘﯽ‬‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﯽ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺻﻮﻟﯽ‬ ‫اﻧﺪازی‬ ‫راه‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﯽ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬
‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪ‬‫ﻧﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ی‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬‫و‬ ‫ﻃﺮاﺣﯽ‬ ‫در‬ ‫اﻏﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎﺗﯽ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﺰاری‬Setup‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬‫ﺑﻮﻗﻮع‬ ‫اﻏﻠﺐ‬
‫در‬ ‫ﮔﯿﺮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫دﺳﺖ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻧﺪازی‬ ‫راه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﻮوﻟﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻤﺎﻧﮑﺎری‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻼ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﻮﻧﺪد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬
‫اﺟﺰا‬ ‫ار‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ھﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫در‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻻزم‬ ‫دﻗﺖ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮدﮔﯽ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻮارد‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻀﯽ‬‫ء‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬‫ﺧﺮج‬ ‫ﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺪھﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻠﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺮر‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺧﻮﺑﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫دھﺪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﯽ‬‫ﺧﻮب‬ ‫ﻇﺎھﺮ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﭼﯿﺰ‬ ‫ھﻤﻪ‬ ‫و‬
‫ﺑﺪھﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﭘﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻈﺮ‬‫راه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫اﻣﻮر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺼﯽ‬ ‫اﮔﺮ‬ ‫وﻟﯽ‬
‫اﺗﺎن‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫ھﺎی‬ ‫ﻟﯿﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﭼﮏ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺪه‬ ‫اﺷﺎره‬ ‫ﻣﻮارد‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫دﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻧﺪازی‬‫ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ‬ ‫را‬
‫ﺧﻮ‬ ‫ﺧﻮرد‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻤﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎﯾﯽ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﺑﻨﺪی‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ا‬‫وﻟﯽ‬ ‫ھﺴﺘﯿﺪ‬ ‫درﮔﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﯾﻞ‬ ‫اﯾﻨﮕﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮐﻤﺎﺑﯿﺶ‬ ‫ھﻢ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﭼﻨﺎﻧﮑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻮد‬ ‫ھﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺎھﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﯾﮏ‬ ‫دﻗﯿﻖ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺻﻮﻟﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﭽﻪ‬
‫در‬ ‫ﺣﺎﮐﻢ‬ ‫اﺻﻠﯽ‬Routing‫ﻣﺴ‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﯾﮑﯽ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ ‫اﯾﻦ‬ ‫در‬ ‫ﺷﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫اﺷﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻪ‬‫ﮐﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫اﻣﻨﯿﺖ‬ ‫ﺑﺮ‬ ‫ﮔﺬار‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ‬ ‫ﺎﯾﻞ‬
‫ﻣﯿﻨﻤﺎﯾﯿﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺮﯾﺢ‬ ‫ﻋﺰﯾﺰان‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺮای‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﯽ‬ ‫اﺻﻮﻟﯽ‬ ‫اﻧﺪازی‬ ‫راه‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻧﺼﺐ‬ ‫ھﻤﺎن‬
‫ﺑﻔﺮﻣﺎﯾﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬ ‫زﯾﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﮑﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﮐﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺷﺮوع‬
‫از‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎرﺗﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻮاھﺪ‬ ‫داده‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ھﻤﺮاه‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﻮازﻣﻲ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ھﻨﮕﺎم‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬:
1-‫ﺑﺮق‬ ‫ﺳﯿﻢ‬
2-‫رو‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ‬‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺮ‬
3-‫ﻳﻚ‬CD
4-‫راھﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫دﻓﺘﺮﭼﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻛﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫دﻧﺒﺎل‬ ‫را‬ ‫زﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‬:
1-‫ﻛﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬.‫ﺷﻮد‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻧﺠﺎم‬ ‫اﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮده‬ ‫درﻳﺎﻓﺖ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ھﻤﺮاه‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اﻳﻨﻜﺎر‬.‫در‬
‫ﭘﻮرت‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﻪ‬ ‫دارد‬ ‫وﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﭘﻮرﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﻤﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺸﺖ‬console‫ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬.‫و‬ ‫ﻛﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﭘﯿﺪا‬ ‫آﻧﺮا‬‫و‬ ‫ﻛﺮده‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫آن‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬
‫ﻛﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻮرد‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫آﻧﺮا‬ ‫دﻳﮕﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮ‬
2-‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﯿﺎز‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺮدن‬ ‫ﻛﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬terminal Emulation‫دارﻳﻢ‬.‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ﻓﮫﻤﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫روﺗﺮ‬ ‫زﺑﺎن‬ ‫ھﺎ‬ ‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬ ‫اﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺒﺖ‬ ‫آﻧﮫﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ‬.‫اﻓﺰار‬ ‫ﻧﺮم‬Hyperterminal‫ا‬ ‫از‬ ‫وﻳﻨﺪوز‬‫ﻛﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬ ‫آن‬ ‫از‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻲ‬ ‫و‬ ‫اﺳﺖ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻮاده‬ ‫ﻳﻦ‬.‫را‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﻛﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫اﺟﺮا‬ ‫زﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﭘﺎراﻣﺘﺮھﺎي‬ ‫ﺑﺎ‬:
9600 boud
No Parity
8 data Bits
1 Stop Bit
×‫ﭘﻮرت‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫از‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﻮرﺗﯿﻜﻪ‬ ‫در‬com‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ ‫از‬ ‫اوﻟﯿﻪ‬ ‫اﺗﺼﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﺮاي‬ ‫اﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺮده‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻣﭙﯿﻮﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬direct to com‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده‬
‫ﻛﻨﯿﺪ‬.
3-‫روﺗ‬‫ﻛﻨﯿﺪ‬ ‫روﺷﻦ‬ ‫را‬ ‫ﺮ‬