This document presents a study on using documentary videos to develop content for ESL writing. The study had three objectives: 1) understand students' views on using videos for writing, 2) determine if videos help develop writing content, and 3) compare writing scores before and after watching videos. Students watched a documentary video then completed a pre-test and post-test essay. Interviews asked students about their writing process and using videos. Results from student writing tests and interviews were analyzed to understand how videos impact ESL writing development.

1. BIR6024 QUALITATIVE RESEARCH AND APPROACHES
A STUDY ONTHE USE OF DOCUMENTARY
VIDEOTO DEVELOP CONTENT IN
ESLWRITING
BY: NURSHAMSINAR RAMLI

2. Introduction
 According to Erben, Ban, and Castaneda
(2009), there are various technologies and
software programs regularly used in the
classroom for all students that can also
specifically aid English language learners.
 For example, using audio-visual materials
in the classroom to teach writing
component.

3. Background of study
 Writing displays the writers’ thoughts and
provides evidence of learning.
 The act of writing helps the writers to
form and clarify thoughts and to engage in
higher-level cognitive processes.
 Many ways that teachers can do to
enhance content development in ESL
writing among students.

4. Problem statement
 Problem arose when students cannot
develop ideas due to lack of the content
and familiarity with the topic.
 They might also have no personal
experiences on a specific topic in their
daily life, students will have problems to
come out with exciting ideas in their ESL
writing.

5.  Developing content is not as easy as
delivering them into words.
 The formation of ideas takes sometimes
to be evolved as the writer needs to
really select the best content that suits
the topic, at the same time convey the
meaning of the information or message.
(Muschla, 2007)

6. Purpose of study
 The study will be conducted in order to
meet three main objectives.
 1st objective is to find out students’ views
towards learning to write essay by using
documentary video as stimulus.
 2nd objective is to identify the
effectiveness of using documentary video
for content development in ESL writing.

7.  3rd objective is to investigate the
difference in scores between the pre-test
and the post-test in developing ideas as to
perform writing tasks.

8. Research questions
Research Qs. Instrument Data
1. What are students’ views
towards learning to write
essay by using
documentary video as
stimulus?
Semi-structured
interview
Qualitative
2. Does the use of
documentary video help
students to develop more
content for their essay
writing?
Writing tests Quantitative
3. Is there any difference in
the score of both writing
tasks between the pre-test
and the post-test after
watching documentary
video?
Writing tests Quantitative

9. Research method
 This study combines the two research
types which are quantitative and
qualitative.
 It engages with two research methods;
semi-structured interview and
experimental mode as the procedures for
this study.

10.  Semi-structured interview involves a list
of questions but there is scope for the
participants to raise issues that the
researcher has not anticipated
(Braun&Clarke, 2013)
 Experiment mode is carried out through
two writing tasks; pre-test and post-test.

11. Participants
 Two groups of thirty diploma level
students are the subjects in this study.
 From the same course which is
Intermediate English.
 They are equally divided into two groups
namely the control group and the
experimental group.

12. Procedure
 Starts with the pre-test and the post-test
then followed by
 the face-to-face semi-structured interview
session with the participants.

14. Interview questions
1. How do you learn to write an essay in your ESL
classroom before?
2. Is there any problem that you faced in writing an
essay? If yes, please tell me more about it.
3. What is your opinion about using documentary videos
as the stimulus for your writing tasks?
4. Does it helps you in any ways for your ESL writing?
5. Do you have any questions to ask me or suggestions
that you would like to give?

15. Data collection
 Result of the writing tests for both
groups from both tests.
 The marking scheme for the writing tests
is adapted from a scheme designed by
Baig and Wilhelm (2004).
 Transcribing and analyzing the interview
data.

16. Appendices

17. Thank you…