A bird eye view for the summary of Feed Additives influencing Metabolism in Animals.

1. FEED ADDITIVES
THAT ALTER
METABOLISM.
AN EFFORT BY:
TEAN ZAHEER
DVM,FVS

2. Feed Additives:
Materials used in animal
nutrition to :
-improve feed efficiency
-promote faster gains
-improve animal health
-increase production of animal products

3. MAJOR CATEGORIES OF FEED
ADDITIVES
 Anti bacterials & Antibiotics.
 Chemotherapeutics.
 Organic Acids
 Probiotics & Prebiotics.
 Enzymes.
 Botanicals.
 Carcass Modifiers.
 Flavours.
 Aromas.
 Mold inhibitor.
 Mycotoxin Binders.
 Odour Modifiers.
 Hormones.
 Beta-adrenergic agonist (ß-agonist).

4. CLASSIFICATION

5. FEED ADDITIVES THAT ALTER
METABOLISM
 Beta-adrenergic agonist (ß-agonist).
 Hormones (somatotropin (ST) growth hormones).
 Organic Acids
 Probiotics & Prebiotics.
 Enzymes.
 Botanicals.
 Carcass Modifiers.

6. Beta-agonists
 naturally occurring and synthetic organic compounds.
 share a common chemical structure with “phenethanolamines”.
 Orally effective dose is 5-30 ppm.
 Only two such compounds are approved by FDA (ractopamine
hydrochloride).
 FUNCTION:
 Increase skeletal muscle growth and
 decrease adipose tissue accumulation in growing animals.

7. Hormones
 Anabolic hormones and somatotrophins influence metabolism.
 FUNCTIONS:
 Co-ordinates lipid, protein & mineral metabolism.
 Increase muscle growth.
 Decreases fat accumulation in growing animals.
 Increase milk yield.

8. Organic acids
is an organic compound with acidic properties.
 FUNCTIONS:
o organic acids reduce pH in the stomach, which
optimises conditions for pepsin activity, and
o increases the digestibility of nitrogen, phosphorus and
several minerals.

9. Probiotics & Prebiotics
 Probiotics are beneficial microbes.
 Prebiotics are undigestible fibers that help stabilize
beneficial microbes.
 FUNCTIONS:
 Probiotic bacteria creates acidic environment
 Increase pepsin activity.
 Helps in mineral absorption.

10. Enzymes
 Aids in digestibility by making nutrients more
bioavailable to the animal .
 May increase the effectiveness of host enzmes.
 Improve digestion / absorption of nutrients.
 Examples:
 Phytase, cellusase, amylase e.t.c.

11. Botanicals
 comprise a wide variety of herbs, spices, and products
derived thereof, and are mainly essential oils.
 FUNCTIONS:
o reduced bacterial colony counts
o a greater nutrient digestion
o reflecting an overall improved gut equilibrium.

12. If we stop using these then it
may:
 Lessen meat and livestock production.
 Higher production costs.
 More feed may be required.
 Increase in death loss.
 Increase vet bills.

13. REFERENCES
 Banerjee,G.C.1999.Feeds & Principles of Animal
Nutrition. Oxford, IBH Publishing Co . Pvt .New Delhi
India.
 www.fefana.org
 www.poultry Hub.org
 www.biofeedtech.com/en/products/poultry.html
 www.fao.org.