Presented by: N.V.Rajasekhar Reddy
www.technolamp.co.in
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2. OBJECTIVES:
Introduction
Need of Programming languages
Different Programming languages
Java need in today’s world
Categorization of java
Installation of a JDK
Execution of a java program
JRE – JVM – JDK – SDK - IDE
3. Introduction
A programming language is an artificial language
designed to communicate instructions to a
machine, particularly a computer.
Programming languages can be used to create
programs that control the behavior of a machine
and/or to express algorithms precisely.
4. Contd…
The description of a programming language is
usually split into two components. They are
Syntax (form) and Semantics (meaning).
Finally programming language is a language,
which is used to maintain communication with a
System.
6. Different Programming languages
Applications and Artificial Intelligence Database development Script development
Program development
development DBASE awk
C AIML FoxPro
bash
C# C MySQL
C++ C# SQL Batchfile
D C++ Visual FoxPro Perl
Java Prolog Tcl
Tcl
Visual Basic
Game Computer drivers or Internet and web page
development other hardware development
interface development
C HDML
C# HTML
C++ Assembly
C Java
DarkBASIC JavaScript
Java Perl
PHP
XML
7. Java needs in today’s world
For Desktop
Enterprise
Go Mobile
Embedded
Internet (Client/Server)
8. Categorization of java
Java Card
Micro Edition (ME) JAVA ME
Standard Edition (SE) JAVA SE
Enterprise Edition (EE) JAVA EE
JavaFX
PersonalJava (discontinued)
12. Execution of a java program
Write a program in Notepad or IDE or any text editor
Save as FileName.java
Compile javac FileName.java
Run java FileName.java
13. Source Computer
Java Program Compilation Java ByteCode
Internet
Verification
Your computer
Restricted Env.
Java ByteCode Execution
14. Execution model of java
source bytecode
(text) compiler (aka. class file)
JVML
dynamic
loading
virtual machine verifier
JIT compiled
bytecode code
compiler
interpreter
CPU
15. JRE – JVM – JDK – SDK - IDE
JRE : JAVA RUNTIME ENVIRONMENT
JVM : JAVA VIRTUAL MACHINE
JDK : JAVA DEVELOPMENT KIT
SDK : SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT KIT
IDE : INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT
16.
17. JVM : A self-contained operating
environment that behaves as if it is a separate
computer. For example, Java applets run in a Java
virtual machine (JVM) that has no access to the host
operating system.
JRE: Java Run-Time Environment is the part of the
Java Development Kit (JDK) required to run Java
programs.
It comprises the Java Virtual Machine,
the Java platform core classes, and supporting files. It
does not include the compiler, debugger, or other tools
present in the JDK. ...
18. JDK(Java Development Kit) :
software development package from Sun Microsystems
that implements the basic set of tools needed to write, test
and debug Java applications and applets
SDK(Software Developers Kit)
a set of tools, including API, frameworks, interface
elements, etc. used to create software, i.e. apps.
IDE:
An integrated development environment (IDE) (also
known as integrated design environment, integrated
debugging environment or interactive development
environment) is a software application that provides
comprehensive facilities to computer programmers for
software development.
19.
20. Questions…
1) What is the use of bin and lib in JDK?
A) Bin contains all tools such as javac, appletviewer, awt tool, etc., whereas lib
contains API and all packages.
2) Question: What's the difference between J2SDK 1.5 and J2SDK 5.0?
A) There's no difference, Sun Microsystems just re-branded this version.
3) The Differences among Java, C And C++ ?
A) Paradigm , Preprocessor, Memory Management, Pointers, Bounds
Checking, Portability And Performance, Complex Data Types, Strings,
Multiple Inheritance, Goto Statement …
21. Feature C C++ Java
OOP, Generic
Procedural, OOP, Generic
Paradigms Procedural Programming (from Java
Programming
5)
Form of Compiled Source
Executable Native Code Executable Native Code Java bytecode
Code
Managed, using a garbage
Memory management Manual Manual
collector
Yes, very commonly used,
No pointers; references
Pointers Yes, very commonly used. but some form of
are used instead.
references available too.
Preprocessor Yes Yes No
String Type Character arrays Character arrays, objects Objects
Complex Data Types Structures, unions Structures, unions, classes Classes
Single class inheritance,
Inheritance N/A Multiple class inheritance multiple interface
implementation
Operator Overloading N/A Yes No
Yes, with warnings if loss Yes, with warnings if loss Not at all if loss could
Automatic coercions
could occur could occur occur; msut cast explicitly
Variadic Parameters Yes Yes No
Goto Statement Yes Yes No
STEP 1: Download JDKGoto Java SE download site @ http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html.Click the "Download" button under "JDK" of "Java SE 7".Choose your operating platform, e.g., Windows x86 (for 32-bit Windows OS - "jdk-7u2-windows-i586.exe" 84MB); or Windows x64 (for 64-bit Windows OS).(For Mac Users Only) Download JDK from http://developer.apple.com/java/download/ and follow the instructions to install (or google "how to install JDK on Mac").STEP 2: Install JDK/JRERun the downloaded installer, which installs both the JDK (Java Development Kit) and JRE (Java Runtime). By default, the JDK and JRE will be installed into directories "C:\\Program Files\\java\\jdk1.7.0" and "C:\\Program Files\\java\\jre7", respectively. For novices, accept the defaults.I shall refer to the JDK installed directory as <JAVA_HOME>, hereafter, in this article.(For Advanced Users Only)The default JDK/JRE directories work but I recommend avoiding "Program Files" directory because of that blank character in the directory name. You may change the installed directories for JDK and JRE during installation. I personally installed JDK and all my programming tools in "d:\\bin" (instead of "C:\\Program Files") for ease of maintenance.It is always cleaner to un-install all the out-dated JDK/JRE before installing a new version.STEP 3: Include JDK's "bin" directory in the PATHWindows Operating System searches the current directory and the directories listed in the PATH environment variable for executable programs invoked from the CMD shell. JDK's programs (such as compiler javac.exe and runtime java.exe) reside in directory "<JAVA_HOME>\\bin" (where <JAVA_HOME> denotes the JDK installed directory you have chosen in the previous step). You need to include the "<JAVA_HOME>\\bin" directory in the PATH environment variable.To edit the PATH environment variable in Windows 2000/XP/Vista/7:Click the "Start" button ⇒ "Control Panel" ⇒ "System" ⇒ (Vista/7 only) "Advanced system settings".Switch to "Advanced" tab ⇒ "Environment Variables..."In "System Variables" box, scroll down to select "PATH" ⇒ "Edit..."In "Variable value" field, INSERT "c:\\Program Files\\java\\jdk1.7.0\\bin" (assume that this is your JDK's binary directory) IN FRONT of all the existing directories, followed by a semi-colon (;) which separates the JDK's binary directory from the rest of the existing directories. DO NOT DELETE any existing entries; otherwise, some existing applications may not run. Variable name : PATH Variable value : c:\\Program Files\\java\\jdk1.7.0\\bin;....exiting entries.... (For Advanced Users Only) I suggested that you place the JDK binary directory in front of "c:\\windows\\system32" and "c:\\windows". This is because some Windows systems may have an out-dated copy of JDK/JRE in these directories. Do a search for "java.exe", and you will be amazed of the findings.You could read "Java Applications and Environment Variable" for more discussions about PATH environment variable.(For Mac and Linux Users Only) You can set the environment variables JAVA_HOME and PATH in your .profile or .bashrc or .bash_profile (under your home directory $HOME) by including the following commands:export JAVA_HOME=path_to_JDK_directory export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH For Mac OS X, the path_to_JDK_directory is probably /Library/Java/Home. For Linux (Ubuntu), it is probably /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-xxx.STEP 4: Verify the JDK InstallationLaunch a CMD shell (click the "Start" button ⇒ run... ⇒ enter "cmd"), andIssue a "path" command to list the content of the PATH environment variable. Check the output and make sure that <JAVA_HOME>\\bin is listed in the PATH. prompt> pathPATH=c:\\Program Files\\java\\jdk1.7.0\\bin;......other entries......Issue the following commands to verify that JDK is properly installed and display its version: prompt> java -version java version "1.7.0"Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0-b147)Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 21.0-b17, mixed mode, sharing) prompt> javac Usage: javac <options> <source files> ......... .........STEP 5: Compile & Run a Java Hello-world ProgramRead "Writing your First Java Program with JDK and a Programming Text Editor". "Everything that can possibly go wrong will go wrong": Read "JDK Installation Common Errors".STEP 6: Download JDK API DocumentationThe JDK download does not include the documentation, which needs to be downloaded separately. In the past, I always insist that my students should have a local copy of JDK API Documentation. But, today, you can easily access the online copy by googling "JDK 7 Documentation".To install JDK API documentation:From the Java SE download page (@ http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html), look for "Java SE 7 Documentation" (under "Additional Resources") ⇒ Download the zip-file (e.g., "jdk-7....zip" - about 57MB).Unzip into the <JAVA_HOME> (JDK installed directory). The documentation will be unzipped into "<$JAVA_HOME>\\docs". Browse the JDK documentation by opening "<JAVA_HOME>\\docs\\index.html".STEP 7: (For Advanced Users Only) JDK's Source CodeSource code for JDK is provided and kept in "<JAVA_HOME>\\src.zip". I strongly recommend that you to go through some of the source files such as "String.java", "Math.java", and "Integer.java", under "java\\lang".