1. How can FLEGT be used to
achieve REDD objectives?
Dr Ruth Nussbaum
ProForest
www.proforest.net

2. FLEGT and REDD
• The aim of FLEGT is
to improve forest
governance and
support legality in
the timber sector
• The aim of REDD+
is to try to maintain
(and enhance)
existing forest
carbon stocks

3. FLEGT/Forest Governance
Programmes and REDD
• FLEGT and REDD are:
– Operating in the same countries
– Undertaken by many of the same actors
– Overlapping aims
– Overlapping processes
• Both involve international agreements
and national implementation

4. The phased approach to REDD
implementation
Identify drivers
Phase 1: Develop a plan Payment for activities
Planning Develop REDD infrastructure
Implement support activities
Payment for activities
Phase 2: eg improved governance
Payment for results
Readiness Carry out pilot projects
Control emissions
Phase 3: Payment for results
Measure, report and verify
Implementation

5. Phase 1: Planning
• Countries need to identify the causes
of forest loss and plan how they will
be addressed
• Growing consensus that this should be
done through a consultative process
involving the whole range of actors
• FLEGT has used multi-stakeholder
approaches and platforms

6. Phase 2: Policies and Measures
• Activities which are necessary for REDD but
are not directly correlated to rates of forest
loss: eg
– Improved governance
– Clarification of tenure and rights
– Building adequate capacity and human resources
– Improved monitoring and reporting
– Greater transparency and stakeholder
involvement
• Many of these are addressed to some extent
by FLEGT

7. Phase 3: Reducing emissions from
forests
• Requires addressing the drivers of
deforestation

8. Drivers of forest loss
• Commercial logging
• Illegal logging
• Energy (firewood, charcoal
etc)
• Clearance for commercial
agriculture
• Clearance for subsistence
agriculture
• Illegal clearance for
agriculture
• Infrastructure and mining
• Fire

9. Impact of FLEGT
Driver of deforestation Direct Indirect
Commercial logging
Illegal logging
Energy ( )
Commercial agriculture
Subsistence agriculture
Illegal agriculture
Infrastructure and mining
Fire

10. Monitoring, Reporting and
Verification (MRV)
• Many of the approaches being used
for legality-related monitoring should
be very useful for REDD monitoring
• Remote-sensing approaches (eg
Imazon system in Brasil)
• Ground-based checks required for
legality monitoring

11. Conclusions
• Clear overlap between FLEGT/governance
programmes and some parts of REDD
• Potential for REDD to:
– Learn from and build on FLEGT processes
– Utilise FLEGT outcomes
• Where governance programmes (FLEGT or others)
are already being implemented REDD should build
on these and avoid undermining them
• Where it is necessary to improve governance in
order to achieve REDD, a FLEGT/governance
programme may be a way to do this

12. Thank you
Ruth@ProForest.net