2.  Explore the life of the
settlers
 Identify challenges of
settling the west
 Identify innovations
which changed the
West
 Discuss resulting
political movements

3. Three primary topics
for discussion
The
West
The Cattle
Industry
The
Farmers
The
Populist
Movement
Growth of the Cattle Industry:
with the decline of the buffalo
and rise of railroads cattle
ranching became BIG business
The Farmers & Homesteaders:
Federal land policy , railroads,
and further innovation
encouraged rapid settlement
The Populist Movement:
unfavorable economic cycles
and difficult conditions unify
farmers

4.  What is the cattle
industry?
 What are the origins of
cattle ranching?

5.  Much of American Cattle Ranching & American
Cowboy got origins from Spanish/Mexican culture
 Longhorn cattle
 Brought by the Spaniards
 Sturdy, short tempered accustomed to dry grasslands
 MexicanVaquero
 Chaparreras
 Caballo bronco “rough horse”
 Charqui “jerky”
 Mexican Rancho
 Coral
 Rodeo

6.  Americanize
 Added fur to chaps
 Boots with pointed toes
and heels
 The bandanna
 Six shooter

7.  Not much of a industry
before the CivilWar
 Ranchers didn’t move far
with cattle
 After the CivilWar
demand for beef
skyrocketed
 Population increase in
cities
 Railroads reach the West
 Chicago Union StockYards
Open (1865)
Demand after CivilWar

8.  With an increase in
demand, cattle
ranchers will take
their herds on the
Long Drive
 TheTrails
 Western Trail
 ChisholmTrail
 Baxter Springs Trail
 Goodnight-Loving
Trail

9. THE HARDSHIPS
 3 months on the trail
 Coffee, beans, bacon,
bread
 Sleeping on the ground,
bathing in streams
 The dangers
 River crossings
 Lightning
 stampede
DECLINE OFTHE INDUSTRY
 Increasing numbers of
ranchers trying to make it
 Competition for grazing land
 Sheepherders (range wars)
 Drought of 1883
 Blizzard of 1887
 68 degrees below zero
 Barbed wire
 Closing of the wide openWest

10.  Which two (pull)factors
drove settlement of
the west?
 Homestead Act/
Railroads

11.  Faced immediate hardships
 Droughts/floods
 Fires
 Blizzards
 Locust
 Possible raids by Outlaws/native americans
 Limited trees on the plains

12.  Dugouts & Soddies
 Before farming the land
settlers had to build
shelter for themselves
 Because of lack of
lumber, settlers used the
prairie turf, grass and
earth to make shelters
 Havens for snakes,
insects and other pests

13.  1837 (John Deere) Steel
Plow
 1847 reaper
 1874 barbed wire
 By 1890 there are over
900 manufacturers of
farm equipment
 In 1830 it took 183
minutes to produce a
bushel of grain; by
1900 it took 10 minutes
 What does this all
mean for the farmers?

14.  Morrill Land Grant Act
1862 & 1890
 Land to states for
agricultural colleges