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Preface




This year the European People’s Party (EPP) celebrates its thirty-fifth an-
niversary – an excellent moment to look back on what has been achieved
thus far. From its birth on 8 July 1976 as the Federation of Christian De-
mocratic parties of the European Communities, the EPP has been a factor
in shaping European integration. At the time of its origins, it was one of
three partly overlapping party organisations of Europe’s centre right, along
with the older, continental European Union of Christian Democrats (EUCD)
and the European Democratic Union (EDU), a loose association of right-
of-centre parties. It was by no means clear in 1976 that by the beginning of
the second decade of the twenty-first century the EPP would have grown
far beyond its original Christian Democratic core, absorbing the other two
organisations and continuing as the strongest political force, both in the
European Parliament (EP) and in most of the European Union Member
States. Consequently, it has not only become the definitive party family on
the centre-right, but also a truly European party, closely cooperating with,
but distinct from, the EPP Group in the EP. This happened earlier in the
EPP’s development than in that of the respective organisations of the
Liberals, Socialists and Greens.
   Today, the EPP family consists of Christian Democrats and many other
non-collectivist strands, encompassing a broad range of political tenden-
cies and identities of the centre-right. Many of them, both in Western
Europe and especially in Central and Eastern Europe, do not fit the classic
labels of Christian Democrats, Conservatives and Liberals, but are woven
of combinations of those threads. In that sense the EPP in its own expan-
sion mirrors the enlargement of the EU, and the strengthening of EPP
structures over time mirrors the institutional deepening of integration over
VI   Preface

     recent decades. The EPP has always been, more than anything else, essen-
     tially at Europe’s service.
        The EPP family has faced many decisive challenges. From the fall of
     the Berlin Wall, the collapse of Communism and the unification of Ger-
     many, to the accession of Central Europe’s new democracies to NATO and
     the EU, to the financial and economic crisis, the EPP has time and again
     played a key role in defusing conflicts of interest, creating synergies be-
     tween people and between institutions, always taking European integration
     another decisive step forward. This skill is again in demand in the severe
     crisis that surrounds the euro today. We can prevail only by relying on the
     fundamental values that have nurtured us through our history: the Christian
     image of man as a point of departure, human dignity, freedom in responsi-
     bility, solidarity, subsidiarity – and the recognition that only a strong EU
     guarantees Europe’s future in the world. Drawing on these values, the EPP
     family will be able to master present and future challenges: the euro crisis,
     climate action, demographic change, immigration and integration, and re-
     gaining competitiveness in the globalised economy.
        This book describes how the EPP was created and how it developed into
     its present shape and structure. Co-authored by Thomas Jansen, the former
     Secretary General of the EPP, and Steven van Hecke, Senior Research
     Fellow at the University of Antwerp, the book is based on an original text
     from 1996 by Jansen, which appeared in an updated version in 2006. For
     the 2011 edition, the entire text has been reviewed, restructured and once
     more updated, and now includes an account of the creation of the EPP’s
     political foundation, the Centre for European Studies (CES), in 2007.
        I have been closely involved with the development of the EPP as de-
     scribed in this book, not only as its President since 1990 but also in its
     founding stage in 1975 and 1976. I am proud to present this revised text on
     the origins and evolution of the EPP. My thanks go to the authors for their
     tireless work, and to the CES for editing and coordinating this volume.


     Wilfried Martens, EPP President and CES President,
     Brussels, March 2011
http://www.springer.com/978-3-642-19413-9

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EPP History and Development

  • 1. Preface This year the European People’s Party (EPP) celebrates its thirty-fifth an- niversary – an excellent moment to look back on what has been achieved thus far. From its birth on 8 July 1976 as the Federation of Christian De- mocratic parties of the European Communities, the EPP has been a factor in shaping European integration. At the time of its origins, it was one of three partly overlapping party organisations of Europe’s centre right, along with the older, continental European Union of Christian Democrats (EUCD) and the European Democratic Union (EDU), a loose association of right- of-centre parties. It was by no means clear in 1976 that by the beginning of the second decade of the twenty-first century the EPP would have grown far beyond its original Christian Democratic core, absorbing the other two organisations and continuing as the strongest political force, both in the European Parliament (EP) and in most of the European Union Member States. Consequently, it has not only become the definitive party family on the centre-right, but also a truly European party, closely cooperating with, but distinct from, the EPP Group in the EP. This happened earlier in the EPP’s development than in that of the respective organisations of the Liberals, Socialists and Greens. Today, the EPP family consists of Christian Democrats and many other non-collectivist strands, encompassing a broad range of political tenden- cies and identities of the centre-right. Many of them, both in Western Europe and especially in Central and Eastern Europe, do not fit the classic labels of Christian Democrats, Conservatives and Liberals, but are woven of combinations of those threads. In that sense the EPP in its own expan- sion mirrors the enlargement of the EU, and the strengthening of EPP structures over time mirrors the institutional deepening of integration over
  • 2. VI Preface recent decades. The EPP has always been, more than anything else, essen- tially at Europe’s service. The EPP family has faced many decisive challenges. From the fall of the Berlin Wall, the collapse of Communism and the unification of Ger- many, to the accession of Central Europe’s new democracies to NATO and the EU, to the financial and economic crisis, the EPP has time and again played a key role in defusing conflicts of interest, creating synergies be- tween people and between institutions, always taking European integration another decisive step forward. This skill is again in demand in the severe crisis that surrounds the euro today. We can prevail only by relying on the fundamental values that have nurtured us through our history: the Christian image of man as a point of departure, human dignity, freedom in responsi- bility, solidarity, subsidiarity – and the recognition that only a strong EU guarantees Europe’s future in the world. Drawing on these values, the EPP family will be able to master present and future challenges: the euro crisis, climate action, demographic change, immigration and integration, and re- gaining competitiveness in the globalised economy. This book describes how the EPP was created and how it developed into its present shape and structure. Co-authored by Thomas Jansen, the former Secretary General of the EPP, and Steven van Hecke, Senior Research Fellow at the University of Antwerp, the book is based on an original text from 1996 by Jansen, which appeared in an updated version in 2006. For the 2011 edition, the entire text has been reviewed, restructured and once more updated, and now includes an account of the creation of the EPP’s political foundation, the Centre for European Studies (CES), in 2007. I have been closely involved with the development of the EPP as de- scribed in this book, not only as its President since 1990 but also in its founding stage in 1975 and 1976. I am proud to present this revised text on the origins and evolution of the EPP. My thanks go to the authors for their tireless work, and to the CES for editing and coordinating this volume. Wilfried Martens, EPP President and CES President, Brussels, March 2011