The document discusses various aspects of the scientific method used by psychologists to study behavior and mental processes. It explains that intuition and common sense can be inaccurate, while a scientific approach using steps like asking questions, constructing hypotheses, experimentation, analysis and communication of results can provide more reliable insights. Some examples discussed include how hindsight bias and overconfidence can affect perceptions, and the importance of objectively observing and describing behavior systematically through methods like case studies, surveys and naturalistic observation.