1. Corrosion and Scale

2. Pumps & Pipes 1 November 12, 2007 We Are Also In the Fluids Business Producing Transporting Storing Processing

3. Pumps & Pipes 1 November 12, 2007 Containment Integrity Unimpeded Flow With Similar Imperatives

4. Pumps & Pipes 1 November 12, 2007 Types of Corrosion General Localized Pitting Cracking

5. Causes of Corrosion and Cracking Electrochemistry Water Salt Low pH (CO 2 , H 2 S) Electrochemical cell Hydrogen embrittlement Load forces (stress) Embrittlement Hydrogen H2S Chlorides

6. Managing Corrosion Condition the fluids, keeping them non-corrosive pH control Method or Practice Example Non-corroding materials Corrosion resistant alloys Film forming inhibitors Water treating chemicals Coatings Paint, plastic linings Corrosion Coupons

8. Oil & Gas “Artery Blockers” Mineral Scale Wax & Organics Gas Hydrates Controlling or conditioning produced water Temperature control (insulation) Temperature and pressure control Pipeline scraping pig Mitigate by Mitigate by Mitigate by

9. To Use a Football Analogy The Current Score Would Be:

10. To Use a Football Analogy The Current Score Would Be: Corrosion and Scale 56 Oil & Gas Industry 7 (With no Heisman Trophies In Sight)

11. To Use a Football Analogy The Current Score Would Be: (With no Heisman Trophies In Sight) Any ideas? Corrosion and Scale 56 Oil & Gas Industry 7