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Tom Presotto - October 2010
A long walk … together
                 IBM Vimercate
                 S/38 manufacturing plant.
                 February 79




S/38 August 79
Back to the basis
                                    SOA & Cloud
1979 – Mainframe and
  “dumb” terminals




                               2010 – Cloud Computing
               1990 – 2010           and browser
                 Windows
               client-server
                   model
POWER7          POWER8
                                        POWER6™         45 nm
                       POWER5™          65 nm
POWER4™                130 nm
180 nm




                                                             2010
                                             2007
                            2004
         2001
                          POWER5        POWER5+™         POWER6         POWER7
         Technology        130 nm          90 nm          60 nm          45 nm
            Size          389 mm2         245 mm2        341 mm2        567 mm2
         Transistors       276 M           276 M          790 M           1.2 B
           Cores             2               2              2            4/6/8
     Frequencies          1.65 GHz        1.9 GHz        3-5 GHz        3-4 GHz
          L2 Cache      1.9 MB Shared   1.9 MB Shared   4 MB / Core   256 KB / Core
          L3 Cache         36 MB           36 MB          32 MB       4 MB / Core
     Memory Cntrl            1               1             2/1            2/1
           LPAR           10 / Core       10 / Core      10 / Core      10 / Core

 4
Performance per Watt




POWER4™ POWER4+™            POWER5™        POWER5+™ POWER6™               POWER6™         POWER7™
    p670         p670          p5-570           p570      Power 570       Power 570       Power 780
  1.1 GHz      1.5 GHz        1.65 GHz        1.9 GHz      4.7 GHz         4.2 GHz         3.8 GHz
rPerf: 24.46 rPerf: 46.79    rPerf: 68.4    rPerf: 85.20 rPerf: 134.35   rPerf: 193.25   rPerf: 685.09
KWatts: 6.71 KWatts: 6.71   KWatts: 5.2     KWatts: 5.2   KWatts: 5.6     KWatts: 5.6     KWatts: 6.4
    3.64         6.97           13.15          16.38        23.99           34.56           107.04
POWER7 Core


                                               • 4 Way SMT per core – up to 4
                                     Eight       threads per core
                                               • 32 Threads per chip
                                   processor   • L1: 32 KB I Cache / 32 KB D Cache
                                     cores     • L2: 256 KB per core
                                               • L3: Shared 32MB on chip eDRAM




Binary Compatibility with POWER6

                    Transistors: 1.2 B
                                                                                     6
POWER7 Core

      POWER7       POWER7           POWER7      POWER7
                                                                 12 Execution Units
      CORE         CORE             CORE        CORE

      L2 Cache     L2 Cache         L2 Cache    L2 Cache              • 2 Fixed Point Units
                                                                      • 2 Load Store Units
MC0                       L3 Cache and                     MC1        • 4 Double Precision
                         Chip Interconnect                              Floating Point Units
      L2 Cache     L2 Cache          L2 Cache   L2 Cache              • 1 Branch
                                                                      • 1 Condition
      POWER7       POWER7            POWER7     POWER7                  Register
      CORE         CORE              CORE       CORE
                                                                      • 1 Vector Unit
                                                                      • 1 Decimal Floating
                                                                        Point Unit
            64-bit PowerPC architecture v2.07



Modes: POWER6, POWER6+ and POWER7
                                                                                               7
L3 Cache
                       Local SMP Links

      POWER7       POWER7          POWER7     POWER7                        6-to-1
                 F                                                         latency
      CORE       A CORE            CORE       CORE                       improvement
                 S
      L2 Cache   T L2 Cache        L2 Cache   L2 Cache
                 L3 REGION
MC0                 L3 Cache and                     MC1
                    Chip Interconnect
      L2 Cache     L2 Cache        L2 Cache   L2 Cache                  On chip             2x
      POWER7       POWER7          POWER7     POWER7
                                                           20% energy
                                                            of SRAM      cache          bandwidth
                                                                                       improvement
      CORE         CORE            CORE       CORE
                                                                        benefits
                    Remote SMP & I/O Links




eDRAM
                                                                         No off-chip
                                                                          drv & rcv
Fast Local Regions

Shared L3 Cache

Intelligent cache management
POWER6                                       POWER7
      Alti                     Alti
      Vec Core         Core Vec                     P Core   Core   Core Core
                                                    O
                                                                                  S
                                                    W L2                          M
                                                              L2     L2      L2
                                                    E                             P
                                                    R
      L3 4 MB         4 MB       L3                G                              F
L3    Ctrl L2           L2       Ctrl   L3                    L3 Cache
                                                   X                              A
                                                                                  B
                                                    B                             R
                                                    U   L2    L2     L2      L2
                                                                                  I
                                                    S                             C
               Fabric Bus                               Core Core   Core Core
               Controller
      Memory




                               Memory
       Cntrl




                                Cntrl




                                                          Memory Interface
               GX Bus Cntrl

                                                               Memory++
                  GX+
                 Bridge
     Memory+                  Memory+
                                              POWER7 delivers up to 3 - 4X the
                                             performance with less energy than
                                                        POWER6
POWER5                    POWER6                       POWER7




                                                         2 memory controller
                                                        Up to 256GB of memory


                                                         D   D   D   D   D   D   D   D   D   D
                                                         D   D   D   D   D   D   D   D   D   D
                                                         R   R   R   R   R   R   R   R   R   R
                                                         3   3   3   3   3   3   3   3   3   3


     DDR2 @ 553 MHz          DDR2 @ 553 / 667 MHz            DDR3 @ 1066 MHz

      Effective Bandwidth:       Effective Bandwidth:
            1.1 GB/s                   2.6 GB/s         Effective Bandwidth:
                                                              6.4 GB/s

10
Less power requirements

      EDRAM Cell
                                                      Fewer soft errors

Enables POWER7 to provide
32MB of internal L3 Cache
                                           1/5 the standby power


 1/3 the space of conventional 6T SRAM implementation


Better performance                                  Greater density



                              1.5 Billion reduction in transistors
 11
POWER7 TurboCore™ Mode
TurboCore Chips: 4 available cores       Power 780 TurboCore
Aggregation of L3 Caches of unused            Core    Core   Core   Core
cores.                                   P                                   S
                                         O
                                         W
                                                                             M
                                              L2      L2     L2     L2
TurboCore chips have a 2X the L3 Cache   E                                   P
per Chip available                       R
                                         G     32 MB                         F
4 TurboCore Chips L3 = 32 MB             X     L3 Cache                      A
                                                                             B
                                          B
                                              L2      L2     L2     L2
                                                                             R
Provides up to 1.5X per core to core      U
                                          S
                                                                             I
                                              Core    Core   Core   Core     C
Chips run at higher frequency
                                                   Memory Interface
Power reduction of unused cores.

With “Reboot”, System can be              TurboCores                Unused
reconfigured to 8 core mode.                                        Core
 12
POWER7 Core / Cache options
            6-Core Chip                          4-Core Chip

P    Core    Core   Core   Core   S   P   Core    Core    Core   Core   S
O                                     O
W
                                  M   W
                                                                        M
     L2      L2     L2     L2             L2      L2      L2     L2
E                                 P   E                                 P
R                                     R
G                                 F   G    16 MB L3 Cache               F
X     24 MB L3 Cache                  X
                                  A                                     A
                                  B                                     B
B
     L2      L2     L2     L2
                                  R   B
                                          L2      L2      L2     L2
                                                                        R
U                                     U
S
                                  I   S
                                                                        I
     Core    Core   Core   Core   C       Core    Core    Core   Core   C


          Memory Interface                     Memory Interface

     Power 750 / Power 770                             PS700


13
Multi-threading Evolution
 Single thread Out of Order                                S80 Hardware Multi-thread
     FX0                                                   FX0
     FX1                                                   FX1
     FP0                                                   FP0
     FP1                                                   FP1
     LS0                                                   LS0
     LS1                                                   LS1
     BRX                                                   BRX
     CRL                                                   CRL


 POWER5 2 Way SMT                                          POWER7 4 Way SMT
     FX0
                                                           FX0
     FX1
                                                           FX1
     FP0
                                                           FP0
     FP1
                                                           FP1
     LS0
                                                           LS0
     LS1
                                                           LS1
     BRX
                                                           BRX
     CRL
                                                           CRL

           No Thread Executing             Thread 0 Executing          Thread 1 Executing
                      Thread 2 Executing          Thread 3 Executing


14
POWER7 4 way SMT                                          2




                                                         1,5




                                                          1
   Requires
               • POWER6 Mode supports SMT1 and
   POWER7        SMT2
    Mode
                                                         0,5


  Operating    • AIX 6.1 and AIX 7.1
   System      • IBM i 6.1 and 7.1
   Support     • Linux                                    0
                                                                 SMT1   SMT2   SMT4

   Dynamic     • Spread work among cores to execute in
                 appropriate threaded mode
 Runtime SMT   • Can dynamical shift between modes as          Standard Cache Option
  scheduling     required: SMT1 / SMT2 / SMT4
                                                               All cores active

  15
Active Memory Expansion
 True     True     True    Expanded   Expanded   Expanded
Memory   Memory   Memory   Memory     Memory     Memory


 True     True     True    Expanded   Expanded   Expanded
Memory   Memory   Memory   Memory     Memory     Memory




 Expand memory beyond physical limits

 More effective server consolidation
   • Run more application workload / users per partition
   • Run more partitions and more workload per server

                                                        Effectively up to
                                                        100% more
                                                        memory
Active Memory Sharing
                                                             Around the World
                                                    15




                                Memory Usage (GB)
                                                    10
                                                                                Asia
                                                                                Americas
                                                                                Europe
                                                    5




      Moves
                                                    0
                                                                    Time

                 AXI, IBM
     memory                                                  Day and Night
                  i, and                             15


    from one




                              Memory Usage (GB)
                   Linux                             10


     partition                                                                  Night
                                                                                Day

                 partitions                              5

   to another                                            0
                                                                     Time


                                                             Infrequent Use
                                                     15
                                                                                #10
                                                                                #9




                              Memory Usage (GB)
                                                                                #8
                                                     10
                                                                                #7
                                                                                #6
                                                                                #5
                                                         5
                                                                                #4
                                                                                #3
                                                                                #2
                                                         0
                                                                     Time       #1
EnergyScale™
     EnergyScale is used to dynamically optimizes the processor performance
                  versus processor power and system workload



 IBM Systems Director is also required to manage
 AEM functions and supports the following functions:
 •   Power Trending
 •   Thermal Reporting
 •   Static Energy Saver Mode
 •   Dynamic Energy Saver Mode
 •   Energy Capping
 •   Soft Energy Capping
 •   Processor Nap
 •   Energy Optimized Fan Control
 •   Altitude Input
 •   Processor Folding

18                                                                            18
TPMD:
Thermal Power Management Device

TPMD monitor power usage and
temperatures in real time


                                        TPMD function is
       Can adjust the                   comprised of a risk
       processor power                  processor and data
       and performance                  acquisition
       in real time

                           If the temperature exceeds an upper
TPMD card is               (functional) threshold, TPMD actively
part of the base           reduces power consumption by reducing
hardware                   processor voltage and frequency or
configuration.             throttling memory as needed.
                                                                   19
POWER7 “Over Clock” Uplift

                                   Nominal Over Clock

                 4,4
If the temperature is lower than upper
                  4,2
(functional) threshold, TPMD will allows
POWER7 cores to “Over clock” if
                    4
workloads demands are present.
                 3,8

                 3,6

                 3,4

                 3,2

                  3


 20
Offerings - April 2010



                              Power 770
  PS700 Express
  PS701 Express
  PS702 Express


                                          Power 780



          Power 750 Express
          Power 755
New models
August 2010
                                                                     Power 795
                                                    Power 780


                                             Power 770



                                 Power 750


        Power 720/740
                                                                     HPC
                                                         Power 755

                 Power 710/730

PS Blades
Power 710 4-6-8 core
     1 socket
     Processor module – pick ONE
       4-core: 3 GHz                                       2U
       6-core: 3.7 GHz
       8-core: 3.55 GHz


    For 4-core (1 socket)      For 6-/8-core (1 socket)
     – Zero 12X I/O loops        – Zero 12X I/O loops
     – Max 1 4X IB Adapter       – Max 1 4X IB Adapter
     – Max 64 GB memory          – Max 64 GB memory
     – Disk-only drawers         – Disk-only drawers
     – Fibre Channel cards ok    – Fibre Channel cards ok
     – IBM i P05 tier (users)    – IBM i P10 tier (users)
     – AIX small tier            – AIX small tier
Power 730 8-12-16 core
   2 sockets
   Processor module – pick                               2U
    TWO of the same feature
       4-core:   3 GHz
       4-core:   3.7 GHz
       6-core:   3.7 GHz
       8-core:   3.55 GHz    For 8-/12-/16-core
                               – Zero 12X I/O loops
                               – Max 2 4X IB Adapters
                               – Max 128 GB memory
                               – Disk-only drawers ok
                               – Fibre Channel cards ok
                               – IBM i P20 tier (5250)
                               – AIX small tier
Power 720 4-6-8 core
   1 socket
   Processor module – pick ONE                         4U
     4-core: 3 GHz
     6-core: 3 GHz
     8-core: 3 GHz



For 4-core                 For 6-/8-core
 – Zero 12X I/O loops        – Max 1 12X I/O loop
 – Max 64 GB memory          – Max 128 GB memory
 – Zero disk-only drawers    – Disk-only drawers
 – Fibre Channel cards ok    – Fibre Channel cards ok
 – IBM i P05 tier (users)    – IBM i P10 tier (users)
 – AIX small tier            – AIX small tier
Power 740 4-6-8-12-16 core

 1 or 2 sockets                                             4U
 Pick processor modules
       1 or 2: 4-core: 3.3 GHz
       1 or 2: 4-core: 3.7 GHz
       1 or 2: 6-core: 3.7 GHz
       2: 8-core: 3.55 GHz
For 4-,6-core (1 socket)   For 8-,12-,16-core (2 socket)
 – Max 1 12X I/O loop        – Max 2 12X I/O loops
 – Max 128 GB memory         – Max 256 GB memory
 – IBM i P20 tier            – IBM i P20 tier
      5250 Entitlements           5250 Entitlements
 – AIX small tier            – AIX small tier
POWER7 delivers outstanding performance


      CPW
       80,000



       60,000



       40,000



       20,000




                  525      550        520      550      720       740
                 POWER5   POWER5    POWER6   POWER6   POWER7    POWER7


Single core CPW        3800              4700               5950
                NB CPW measured in maximum system and I/O configuration
Power 750

            4 Socket 4U

            6 or 8 cores per socket

            3.0 to 3.55 GHz

            Energy-Star Qualified




                                      28
Power 750 System Overview
                                                               TPMD
                                3 PCIe & 2 PCI-X
                                Slots




 Dual Power
 Supplies

      Half-High Bay                                          Up to 4
      (tape or removable disk
                                                             Processor / Memory
                                  DVD                          Cards
                                                      Fans
                                     8 SFF Bays
                                     (Disk or SSD)




 29
Power 750 System
                                           6 Cores @ 3.3 GHz
             POWER7 Architecture           8 Cores @ 3. 0, 3.3, 3.55 GHz
                                           Max: 4 Sockets

             DDR3 Memory                   Up to 512 GB

                                           Up to 8 Drives (HDD or SSD)
             System Unit SAS SFF Bays      73 / 146 / 300GB @ 15k (2.4 TB)
                                           (Opt: cache & RAID-5/6)

                                           PCIe x8: 3 Slots (2 shared)
             System Unit
                                           PCI-X DDR: 2 Slots
             IO Expansion Slots
                                           1 GX+ & Opt 1 GX++ 12X cards

             Integrated SAS / SATA         Yes
             System Unit
                                           3 USB, 2 Serial, 2 HMC
             Integrated Ports
                                           Quad 10/100/1000
             Integrated Virtual Ethernet
                                           Optional: Dual 10 Gb

             System Unit Media Bays        1 Slim-line DVD & 1 Half Height

             IO Drawers w/ PCI slots       PCIe = 4 Max: PCI-X = 8 MAX

             Cluster                       12X SDR / DDR (IB technology)

             Redundant Power and           Yes (AC or DC Power)
             Cooling                       Single phase 240 VAC or -48 VDC

             Certification (SoD)           NEBS / ETSI for harsh environments

                                           Active Thermal Power Management
             EnergyScale
30                                         Dynamic Energy Save & Capping
Power 755



            Power 755 and Power 750 hardware is very,
            very similar, but Power 755 offering is
            customized to High Performance Computing
            environment




                                                        31
Power 755
                                    4 Processor Sockets = 32 Cores
            POWER7 Architecture
                                    8 Core @ 3.3 GHz

            DDR3 Memory             128 GB / 256 GB, 32 DIMM Slots


            System Unit             Up to 8 disk or SSD
            SAS SFF Bays            73 / 146 / 300GB @ 15K (up to 2.4TB)


                                    PCIe x8: 3 Slots (1 shared)
            System Unit
                                    PCI-X DDR: 2 Slots
            Expansion
                                    GX++ Bus

            Integrated Ports        3 USB, 2 Serial, 2 HMC

                                    Quad 1Gb Copper
            Integrated Ethernet
                                    (Opt: Dual 10Gb Copper or Fiber)

            System Unit Media Bay   1 DVD-RAM ( No supported tape bay )

                                    Up to 64 nodes
            Cluster
                                    Ethernet or IB-DDR

                                    Yes (AC or DC Power)
            Redundant Power
                                    Single phase 240vac or -48 VDC

            Certifications (SoD)    NEBS / ETSI for harsh environments

                                    Active Thermal Power Management
            EnergyScale
                                    Dynamic Energy Save & Capping

32
The highest performing 4-socket
system on the planet

POWER7 continues to
break the rules with
more performance




  SPECint_rate




    Itanium       SPARC        x86        POWER7
   HP rx6600     Sun T5440   HP DL585    Power 755
                                        with PowerVM

                                                       33
The most energy efficient 4-socket
system on the planet

               Most energy
               efficient
               systems


                Performance Per Watt




                 Itanium    SPARC Sun     x86        POWER7
                HP rx6600     T5440     HP DL585    Power 755
                                                   with PowerVM



                                                                  34
Power 770


            12 or 16 core 4U Nodes

            Up to 4 Nodes per system

            3.1 and 3.5 GHz

            Capacity on Demand

            Enterprise RAS



                                       35
Power 770
                                                      Power 770
                                                                     6 Cores @ 3.55 GHz
                       Processor Technology
                                                                     8 Cores @ 3.1 GHz
                       L3 Cache                                           On Chip
                       Redundant Power & Cooling                             Yes
                       Redundant Server Processor             Yes / Two Enclosure minimum
                       Redundant Clock                        Yes / Two Enclosure minimum
                       Hot Add Support                                       Yes
4U x 32 inches Depth
                       Hot Service                                           Yes
                       System Unit                     Single Enclosure             4 Enclosures
                       Processors                       Up to 2 Sockets              8 Sockets
                       DDR3 Memory (Buffered)            Up to 512 GB               Up to 2 TB
                       SAS/SSD SFF Bays                        6                          24
                       DVD-RAM Media Bays                  1 Slim-line               4 Slim-line
                       SAS / SATA Controller                 2/1                        8/4
                       PCIe bays                            6 PCIe                    24 PCIe
                       GX++ Slots (12X DDR)                    2                          8
                                                       Std: Quad 1Gb          Std: Four Quad 1Gb
                       Integrated Ethernet             Opt: Dual 10Gb +       Opt: Four x Dual 10Gb +
                                                       Dual 1 Gb               Dual 1 Gb
                       USB                                     3                          12
                       12X I/O Drawers w/ PCI slots   Max: 4 PCIe, 8 PCI-X    Max: 16 PCIe, 32 PCI-X

36
Power 780
New Modular High-End

Up to 64 Cores

TurboCore

3.86 or 4.14 GHz

Capacity on Demand

Enterprise RAS

24x7 Warranty

PowerCare
                       37
Power 780
                                             Power 780
                                                    4 Cores @ 4.1 GHz        TurboCore
            Processor Technology
                                                    8 Cores @ 3.8 GHz
            L3 Cache                                               On Chip
            Redundant Power & Cooling                               Yes
            Redundant Server Processor               Yes / Two Enclosure minimum
            Redundant Clock                          Yes / Two Enclosure minimum
            Hot Add Support                                         Yes
            Hot Service                                             Yes
            System Unit                      Single Enclosure                4 Enclosures
            Processors                           2 Sockets                    8 Sockets
            DDR3 Memory (Buffered)             Up to 512 GB                  Up to 2 TB
            SAS/SSD SFF Bays (CEC)                   6                           24
            DVD-RAM Media Bays                   1 Slim-line                  4 Slim-line
            SAS / SATA Controller                  2/1                          8/4
            PCIe (CEC)                            6 PCIe                       24 PCIe
            GX++ Slots (12X DDR)                     2                            8
                                           Std: Quad 1Gb              Std: Four Quad 1Gb
            Integrated Ethernet            Opt: Dual 10Gb + Dual      Opt: Four x Dual 10Gb +
                                           1 Gb                        Dual 1 Gb
            USB                                      3                           12
            12X I/O Drawers w/ PCI slots    Max: 4 PCIe, 8 PCI-X       Max: 16 PCIe, 32 PCI-X

38
Power 795
✓New High-end
✓24 to 256 Cores
✓8 TB memory
✓TurboCore
✓3.7, 4.0 or 4.25 GHz
✓1,000 VMs* with PowerVM
✓Capacity on Demand
✓Enterprise RAS
✓24x7 Warranty
✓PowerCare
  On October 7, IBM published a new SAP 2-tier Sales
        and Distribution benchmark result on the
  Power 795. The result is 70,032 users on a 128-core
        Power 795 running AIX and DB2. This is
   the highest result ever attained on this benchmark.
Power Systems Blades

              ✓PS700 1 socket 4 core
              ✓PS701 1 socket 8 core
              ✓PS702 2 socket 16 core
              ✓3.0 GHz
POWER7 PS700 Blade 4 Cores




Architecture    4 Core Single Socket     Fiber Support   Yes (via BladeCenter chassis)
L2 & L3 Cache   On Chip                  Media Bays      1 BladeCenter chassis
DDR3 Memory     Up to 64 GB              Redundant
                                                         Yes BladeCenter chassis
                                         Power
DASD / Bays     0 - 2 SAS (300/600GB)    Redundant
                                                         Yes BladeCenter chassis
                                         Cooling
Daughter Card   CIOv & CFFh              Service
Options         ( PCIe Adapters )                        Yes
                                         Processor
Integrated      Dual Port Gbt Ethernet   Power &
Options         Ethernet, USB                            POWER Save / Power Cap
                                         Thermal

41
POWER7 PS701 Blade 8 Cores




Architecture    8 Core Single Socket     Fiber Support   Yes (via BladeCenter chassis)
L2 & L3 Cache   On Chip                  Media Bays      1 BladeCenter chassis
DDR3 Memory     Up to 128 GB             Redundant
                                                         Yes BladeCenter chassis
                                         Power
DASD / Bays     0 - 1 SAS (300/600GB)    Redundant
                                                         Yes BladeCenter chassis
                                         Cooling
Daughter Card   CIOv & CFFh              Service
Options         ( PCIe Adapters )                        Yes
                                         Processor
Integrated      Dual Port Gbt Ethernet
Options         Ethernet, USB            Power & Thermal POWER Save / Power Cap


42
POWER7 PS702 Blade 16 Cores




Architecture    8 Cores/Socket Two Socket   Fiber Support   Yes (via BladeCenter chassis)
L2 & L3 Cache   On Chip                     Media Bays      1 BladeCenter chassis
DDR3 Memory     Up to 256 GB                Redundant
                                                            Yes BladeCenter chassis
                                            Power
DASD / Bays     0 - 2 SAS (300/600GB)       Redundant
                                                            Yes BladeCenter chassis
                                            Cooling
Daughter Card   CIOv & CFFh                 Service
Options         ( PCIe Adapters )                           Yes
                                            Processor
Integrated      Quad Port Gbt Ethernet      Power &
Options         Ethernet, USB                               POWER Save / Power Cap
                                            Thermal

43
i Edition Express for BladeCenter S
i Edition Express for BladeCenter S

     BladeCenter PS700 or JS12

     IBM i

     PowerVM Express

     BladeCenter S

     IBM i preloaded


                        The i Edition Express for BladeCenter S is the perfect
                        alternative to a traditional rack or tower server with comparable
                        starting prices and enables clients to run their i applications
                        and consolidate x86 servers into a single BladeCenter S
                        chassis that supports up to six blades and over 7 terabytes of
                        disk storage
44
Power Systems Virtualization
      Hypervisor            •Support for multiple operating environments

   Dynamic Logical          •Micro-partitioning, resource movement
     Partitioning
   Multiple Shared          •Cap processor resources for a group of partitions
   Processor Pools

   Virtual I/O Server       •Virtualizes resources for client partitions

Integrated Virtualization   •Simplifies partition management for entry systems
        Manager

         Lx86               •Supports x86 Linux applications


 Live Partition Mobility    •Move running AIX and Linux partitions


Active Memory Sharing       •Share a memory pool among partitions




                                                                             VIOS


                                                                                    Power Hypervisor
IBM i 7.1 Highlights
   DB2
       Support for XML and column level encryption
                                                            VIOS
   PowerHA
       Async Geographic Mirroring & LUN-level switching   IBM i 6.1   IBM i 7.1


   Virtualization                                                        Power Systems
     IBM i 6.1 virtualization for i 7.1 partitions
   Solid State Drives
     Automatic movement of hot data to SSDs
   Workload Capping
     Limit # of cores used by middleware within a partition
   Open Access for RPG
     Extend application reach to pervasive devices
   Zend Server Community Edition
     PHP environment preloaded with IBM i
   Systems Director
     Richer management of IBM i via Systems Director
Traditional IBM i Workload management
   IBM i Workload Management
      Subsystems provide workload isolation
      Priorities are used to schedule work
      No way to cap a given application to a subset of the processor resources in
       a partition

   All workloads can access the full number of Cores in the Partition



                                  Application 1 = 8 Cores

                                  Application 2 = 8 Cores

                                  Application 3 = 8 Cores


                                  IBM i System / Partition
IBM i Workload Capping
   IBM i workload capping can control workloads by
    limiting the number of cores that can be used by
    an application



      Application 1 = 3 Cores

                    Application 2 = 6 Cores

                                Application 3 = 8 cores




                     IBM i System / Partition
Back to the basis
Back to the future
IBM i and Cloud Computing
•   Best platform for “private cloud”
•   Centralized model
•   Server consolidation
•   Bring back the complexity into the “computer
    room”
•   No more “personal” workstations and
    company’s data stored on users’ disks
•   Low-TCO terminals
•   SOA approach to integrate third party “SaaS”
    solutions
                                 A rack with a single Power 750 server
                                 and 32 processor cores can run up to 160
IBM refreshes CloudBurst line    virtual machines, while the top end
with Power7 chips - 14 October   system, with 11 Power 750 servers in five
2010                             racks, can run up to 2,960 virtual
                                 machines,
                                                                       50
tom.presotto@evog.it

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Ibm power7

  • 1. Tom Presotto - October 2010
  • 2. A long walk … together IBM Vimercate S/38 manufacturing plant. February 79 S/38 August 79
  • 3. Back to the basis SOA & Cloud 1979 – Mainframe and “dumb” terminals 2010 – Cloud Computing 1990 – 2010 and browser Windows client-server model
  • 4. POWER7 POWER8 POWER6™ 45 nm POWER5™ 65 nm POWER4™ 130 nm 180 nm 2010 2007 2004 2001 POWER5 POWER5+™ POWER6 POWER7 Technology 130 nm 90 nm 60 nm 45 nm Size 389 mm2 245 mm2 341 mm2 567 mm2 Transistors 276 M 276 M 790 M 1.2 B Cores 2 2 2 4/6/8 Frequencies 1.65 GHz 1.9 GHz 3-5 GHz 3-4 GHz L2 Cache 1.9 MB Shared 1.9 MB Shared 4 MB / Core 256 KB / Core L3 Cache 36 MB 36 MB 32 MB 4 MB / Core Memory Cntrl 1 1 2/1 2/1 LPAR 10 / Core 10 / Core 10 / Core 10 / Core 4
  • 5. Performance per Watt POWER4™ POWER4+™ POWER5™ POWER5+™ POWER6™ POWER6™ POWER7™ p670 p670 p5-570 p570 Power 570 Power 570 Power 780 1.1 GHz 1.5 GHz 1.65 GHz 1.9 GHz 4.7 GHz 4.2 GHz 3.8 GHz rPerf: 24.46 rPerf: 46.79 rPerf: 68.4 rPerf: 85.20 rPerf: 134.35 rPerf: 193.25 rPerf: 685.09 KWatts: 6.71 KWatts: 6.71 KWatts: 5.2 KWatts: 5.2 KWatts: 5.6 KWatts: 5.6 KWatts: 6.4 3.64 6.97 13.15 16.38 23.99 34.56 107.04
  • 6. POWER7 Core • 4 Way SMT per core – up to 4 Eight threads per core • 32 Threads per chip processor • L1: 32 KB I Cache / 32 KB D Cache cores • L2: 256 KB per core • L3: Shared 32MB on chip eDRAM Binary Compatibility with POWER6 Transistors: 1.2 B 6
  • 7. POWER7 Core POWER7 POWER7 POWER7 POWER7 12 Execution Units CORE CORE CORE CORE L2 Cache L2 Cache L2 Cache L2 Cache • 2 Fixed Point Units • 2 Load Store Units MC0 L3 Cache and MC1 • 4 Double Precision Chip Interconnect Floating Point Units L2 Cache L2 Cache L2 Cache L2 Cache • 1 Branch • 1 Condition POWER7 POWER7 POWER7 POWER7 Register CORE CORE CORE CORE • 1 Vector Unit • 1 Decimal Floating Point Unit 64-bit PowerPC architecture v2.07 Modes: POWER6, POWER6+ and POWER7 7
  • 8. L3 Cache Local SMP Links POWER7 POWER7 POWER7 POWER7 6-to-1 F latency CORE A CORE CORE CORE improvement S L2 Cache T L2 Cache L2 Cache L2 Cache L3 REGION MC0 L3 Cache and MC1 Chip Interconnect L2 Cache L2 Cache L2 Cache L2 Cache On chip 2x POWER7 POWER7 POWER7 POWER7 20% energy of SRAM cache bandwidth improvement CORE CORE CORE CORE benefits Remote SMP & I/O Links eDRAM No off-chip drv & rcv Fast Local Regions Shared L3 Cache Intelligent cache management
  • 9. POWER6 POWER7 Alti Alti Vec Core Core Vec P Core Core Core Core O S W L2 M L2 L2 L2 E P R L3 4 MB 4 MB L3 G F L3 Ctrl L2 L2 Ctrl L3 L3 Cache X A B B R U L2 L2 L2 L2 I S C Fabric Bus Core Core Core Core Controller Memory Memory Cntrl Cntrl Memory Interface GX Bus Cntrl Memory++ GX+ Bridge Memory+ Memory+ POWER7 delivers up to 3 - 4X the performance with less energy than POWER6
  • 10. POWER5 POWER6 POWER7 2 memory controller Up to 256GB of memory D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 DDR2 @ 553 MHz DDR2 @ 553 / 667 MHz DDR3 @ 1066 MHz Effective Bandwidth: Effective Bandwidth: 1.1 GB/s 2.6 GB/s Effective Bandwidth: 6.4 GB/s 10
  • 11. Less power requirements EDRAM Cell Fewer soft errors Enables POWER7 to provide 32MB of internal L3 Cache 1/5 the standby power 1/3 the space of conventional 6T SRAM implementation Better performance Greater density 1.5 Billion reduction in transistors 11
  • 12. POWER7 TurboCore™ Mode TurboCore Chips: 4 available cores Power 780 TurboCore Aggregation of L3 Caches of unused Core Core Core Core cores. P S O W M L2 L2 L2 L2 TurboCore chips have a 2X the L3 Cache E P per Chip available R G 32 MB F 4 TurboCore Chips L3 = 32 MB X L3 Cache A B B L2 L2 L2 L2 R Provides up to 1.5X per core to core U S I Core Core Core Core C Chips run at higher frequency Memory Interface Power reduction of unused cores. With “Reboot”, System can be TurboCores Unused reconfigured to 8 core mode. Core 12
  • 13. POWER7 Core / Cache options 6-Core Chip 4-Core Chip P Core Core Core Core S P Core Core Core Core S O O W M W M L2 L2 L2 L2 L2 L2 L2 L2 E P E P R R G F G 16 MB L3 Cache F X 24 MB L3 Cache X A A B B B L2 L2 L2 L2 R B L2 L2 L2 L2 R U U S I S I Core Core Core Core C Core Core Core Core C Memory Interface Memory Interface Power 750 / Power 770 PS700 13
  • 14. Multi-threading Evolution Single thread Out of Order S80 Hardware Multi-thread FX0 FX0 FX1 FX1 FP0 FP0 FP1 FP1 LS0 LS0 LS1 LS1 BRX BRX CRL CRL POWER5 2 Way SMT POWER7 4 Way SMT FX0 FX0 FX1 FX1 FP0 FP0 FP1 FP1 LS0 LS0 LS1 LS1 BRX BRX CRL CRL No Thread Executing Thread 0 Executing Thread 1 Executing Thread 2 Executing Thread 3 Executing 14
  • 15. POWER7 4 way SMT 2 1,5 1 Requires • POWER6 Mode supports SMT1 and POWER7 SMT2 Mode 0,5 Operating • AIX 6.1 and AIX 7.1 System • IBM i 6.1 and 7.1 Support • Linux 0 SMT1 SMT2 SMT4 Dynamic • Spread work among cores to execute in appropriate threaded mode Runtime SMT • Can dynamical shift between modes as Standard Cache Option scheduling required: SMT1 / SMT2 / SMT4 All cores active 15
  • 16. Active Memory Expansion True True True Expanded Expanded Expanded Memory Memory Memory Memory Memory Memory True True True Expanded Expanded Expanded Memory Memory Memory Memory Memory Memory Expand memory beyond physical limits More effective server consolidation • Run more application workload / users per partition • Run more partitions and more workload per server Effectively up to 100% more memory
  • 17. Active Memory Sharing Around the World 15 Memory Usage (GB) 10 Asia Americas Europe 5 Moves 0 Time AXI, IBM memory Day and Night i, and 15 from one Memory Usage (GB) Linux 10 partition Night Day partitions 5 to another 0 Time Infrequent Use 15 #10 #9 Memory Usage (GB) #8 10 #7 #6 #5 5 #4 #3 #2 0 Time #1
  • 18. EnergyScale™ EnergyScale is used to dynamically optimizes the processor performance versus processor power and system workload IBM Systems Director is also required to manage AEM functions and supports the following functions: • Power Trending • Thermal Reporting • Static Energy Saver Mode • Dynamic Energy Saver Mode • Energy Capping • Soft Energy Capping • Processor Nap • Energy Optimized Fan Control • Altitude Input • Processor Folding 18 18
  • 19. TPMD: Thermal Power Management Device TPMD monitor power usage and temperatures in real time TPMD function is Can adjust the comprised of a risk processor power processor and data and performance acquisition in real time If the temperature exceeds an upper TPMD card is (functional) threshold, TPMD actively part of the base reduces power consumption by reducing hardware processor voltage and frequency or configuration. throttling memory as needed. 19
  • 20. POWER7 “Over Clock” Uplift Nominal Over Clock 4,4 If the temperature is lower than upper 4,2 (functional) threshold, TPMD will allows POWER7 cores to “Over clock” if 4 workloads demands are present. 3,8 3,6 3,4 3,2 3 20
  • 21. Offerings - April 2010 Power 770 PS700 Express PS701 Express PS702 Express Power 780 Power 750 Express Power 755
  • 22. New models August 2010 Power 795 Power 780 Power 770 Power 750 Power 720/740 HPC Power 755 Power 710/730 PS Blades
  • 23. Power 710 4-6-8 core  1 socket  Processor module – pick ONE  4-core: 3 GHz 2U  6-core: 3.7 GHz  8-core: 3.55 GHz For 4-core (1 socket) For 6-/8-core (1 socket) – Zero 12X I/O loops – Zero 12X I/O loops – Max 1 4X IB Adapter – Max 1 4X IB Adapter – Max 64 GB memory – Max 64 GB memory – Disk-only drawers – Disk-only drawers – Fibre Channel cards ok – Fibre Channel cards ok – IBM i P05 tier (users) – IBM i P10 tier (users) – AIX small tier – AIX small tier
  • 24. Power 730 8-12-16 core  2 sockets  Processor module – pick 2U TWO of the same feature  4-core: 3 GHz  4-core: 3.7 GHz  6-core: 3.7 GHz  8-core: 3.55 GHz For 8-/12-/16-core – Zero 12X I/O loops – Max 2 4X IB Adapters – Max 128 GB memory – Disk-only drawers ok – Fibre Channel cards ok – IBM i P20 tier (5250) – AIX small tier
  • 25. Power 720 4-6-8 core  1 socket  Processor module – pick ONE 4U  4-core: 3 GHz  6-core: 3 GHz  8-core: 3 GHz For 4-core For 6-/8-core – Zero 12X I/O loops – Max 1 12X I/O loop – Max 64 GB memory – Max 128 GB memory – Zero disk-only drawers – Disk-only drawers – Fibre Channel cards ok – Fibre Channel cards ok – IBM i P05 tier (users) – IBM i P10 tier (users) – AIX small tier – AIX small tier
  • 26. Power 740 4-6-8-12-16 core  1 or 2 sockets 4U  Pick processor modules  1 or 2: 4-core: 3.3 GHz  1 or 2: 4-core: 3.7 GHz  1 or 2: 6-core: 3.7 GHz  2: 8-core: 3.55 GHz For 4-,6-core (1 socket) For 8-,12-,16-core (2 socket) – Max 1 12X I/O loop – Max 2 12X I/O loops – Max 128 GB memory – Max 256 GB memory – IBM i P20 tier – IBM i P20 tier 5250 Entitlements 5250 Entitlements – AIX small tier – AIX small tier
  • 27. POWER7 delivers outstanding performance CPW 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 525 550 520 550 720 740 POWER5 POWER5 POWER6 POWER6 POWER7 POWER7 Single core CPW 3800 4700 5950 NB CPW measured in maximum system and I/O configuration
  • 28. Power 750 4 Socket 4U 6 or 8 cores per socket 3.0 to 3.55 GHz Energy-Star Qualified 28
  • 29. Power 750 System Overview TPMD 3 PCIe & 2 PCI-X Slots Dual Power Supplies Half-High Bay Up to 4 (tape or removable disk Processor / Memory DVD Cards Fans 8 SFF Bays (Disk or SSD) 29
  • 30. Power 750 System 6 Cores @ 3.3 GHz POWER7 Architecture 8 Cores @ 3. 0, 3.3, 3.55 GHz Max: 4 Sockets DDR3 Memory Up to 512 GB Up to 8 Drives (HDD or SSD) System Unit SAS SFF Bays 73 / 146 / 300GB @ 15k (2.4 TB) (Opt: cache & RAID-5/6) PCIe x8: 3 Slots (2 shared) System Unit PCI-X DDR: 2 Slots IO Expansion Slots 1 GX+ & Opt 1 GX++ 12X cards Integrated SAS / SATA Yes System Unit 3 USB, 2 Serial, 2 HMC Integrated Ports Quad 10/100/1000 Integrated Virtual Ethernet Optional: Dual 10 Gb System Unit Media Bays 1 Slim-line DVD & 1 Half Height IO Drawers w/ PCI slots PCIe = 4 Max: PCI-X = 8 MAX Cluster 12X SDR / DDR (IB technology) Redundant Power and Yes (AC or DC Power) Cooling Single phase 240 VAC or -48 VDC Certification (SoD) NEBS / ETSI for harsh environments Active Thermal Power Management EnergyScale 30 Dynamic Energy Save & Capping
  • 31. Power 755 Power 755 and Power 750 hardware is very, very similar, but Power 755 offering is customized to High Performance Computing environment 31
  • 32. Power 755 4 Processor Sockets = 32 Cores POWER7 Architecture 8 Core @ 3.3 GHz DDR3 Memory 128 GB / 256 GB, 32 DIMM Slots System Unit Up to 8 disk or SSD SAS SFF Bays 73 / 146 / 300GB @ 15K (up to 2.4TB) PCIe x8: 3 Slots (1 shared) System Unit PCI-X DDR: 2 Slots Expansion GX++ Bus Integrated Ports 3 USB, 2 Serial, 2 HMC Quad 1Gb Copper Integrated Ethernet (Opt: Dual 10Gb Copper or Fiber) System Unit Media Bay 1 DVD-RAM ( No supported tape bay ) Up to 64 nodes Cluster Ethernet or IB-DDR Yes (AC or DC Power) Redundant Power Single phase 240vac or -48 VDC Certifications (SoD) NEBS / ETSI for harsh environments Active Thermal Power Management EnergyScale Dynamic Energy Save & Capping 32
  • 33. The highest performing 4-socket system on the planet POWER7 continues to break the rules with more performance SPECint_rate Itanium SPARC x86 POWER7 HP rx6600 Sun T5440 HP DL585 Power 755 with PowerVM 33
  • 34. The most energy efficient 4-socket system on the planet Most energy efficient systems Performance Per Watt Itanium SPARC Sun x86 POWER7 HP rx6600 T5440 HP DL585 Power 755 with PowerVM 34
  • 35. Power 770 12 or 16 core 4U Nodes Up to 4 Nodes per system 3.1 and 3.5 GHz Capacity on Demand Enterprise RAS 35
  • 36. Power 770 Power 770 6 Cores @ 3.55 GHz Processor Technology 8 Cores @ 3.1 GHz L3 Cache On Chip Redundant Power & Cooling Yes Redundant Server Processor Yes / Two Enclosure minimum Redundant Clock Yes / Two Enclosure minimum Hot Add Support Yes 4U x 32 inches Depth Hot Service Yes System Unit Single Enclosure 4 Enclosures Processors Up to 2 Sockets 8 Sockets DDR3 Memory (Buffered) Up to 512 GB Up to 2 TB SAS/SSD SFF Bays 6 24 DVD-RAM Media Bays 1 Slim-line 4 Slim-line SAS / SATA Controller 2/1 8/4 PCIe bays 6 PCIe 24 PCIe GX++ Slots (12X DDR) 2 8 Std: Quad 1Gb Std: Four Quad 1Gb Integrated Ethernet Opt: Dual 10Gb + Opt: Four x Dual 10Gb + Dual 1 Gb Dual 1 Gb USB 3 12 12X I/O Drawers w/ PCI slots Max: 4 PCIe, 8 PCI-X Max: 16 PCIe, 32 PCI-X 36
  • 37. Power 780 New Modular High-End Up to 64 Cores TurboCore 3.86 or 4.14 GHz Capacity on Demand Enterprise RAS 24x7 Warranty PowerCare 37
  • 38. Power 780 Power 780 4 Cores @ 4.1 GHz TurboCore Processor Technology 8 Cores @ 3.8 GHz L3 Cache On Chip Redundant Power & Cooling Yes Redundant Server Processor Yes / Two Enclosure minimum Redundant Clock Yes / Two Enclosure minimum Hot Add Support Yes Hot Service Yes System Unit Single Enclosure 4 Enclosures Processors 2 Sockets 8 Sockets DDR3 Memory (Buffered) Up to 512 GB Up to 2 TB SAS/SSD SFF Bays (CEC) 6 24 DVD-RAM Media Bays 1 Slim-line 4 Slim-line SAS / SATA Controller 2/1 8/4 PCIe (CEC) 6 PCIe 24 PCIe GX++ Slots (12X DDR) 2 8 Std: Quad 1Gb Std: Four Quad 1Gb Integrated Ethernet Opt: Dual 10Gb + Dual Opt: Four x Dual 10Gb + 1 Gb Dual 1 Gb USB 3 12 12X I/O Drawers w/ PCI slots Max: 4 PCIe, 8 PCI-X Max: 16 PCIe, 32 PCI-X 38
  • 39. Power 795 ✓New High-end ✓24 to 256 Cores ✓8 TB memory ✓TurboCore ✓3.7, 4.0 or 4.25 GHz ✓1,000 VMs* with PowerVM ✓Capacity on Demand ✓Enterprise RAS ✓24x7 Warranty ✓PowerCare On October 7, IBM published a new SAP 2-tier Sales and Distribution benchmark result on the Power 795. The result is 70,032 users on a 128-core Power 795 running AIX and DB2. This is the highest result ever attained on this benchmark.
  • 40. Power Systems Blades ✓PS700 1 socket 4 core ✓PS701 1 socket 8 core ✓PS702 2 socket 16 core ✓3.0 GHz
  • 41. POWER7 PS700 Blade 4 Cores Architecture 4 Core Single Socket Fiber Support Yes (via BladeCenter chassis) L2 & L3 Cache On Chip Media Bays 1 BladeCenter chassis DDR3 Memory Up to 64 GB Redundant Yes BladeCenter chassis Power DASD / Bays 0 - 2 SAS (300/600GB) Redundant Yes BladeCenter chassis Cooling Daughter Card CIOv & CFFh Service Options ( PCIe Adapters ) Yes Processor Integrated Dual Port Gbt Ethernet Power & Options Ethernet, USB POWER Save / Power Cap Thermal 41
  • 42. POWER7 PS701 Blade 8 Cores Architecture 8 Core Single Socket Fiber Support Yes (via BladeCenter chassis) L2 & L3 Cache On Chip Media Bays 1 BladeCenter chassis DDR3 Memory Up to 128 GB Redundant Yes BladeCenter chassis Power DASD / Bays 0 - 1 SAS (300/600GB) Redundant Yes BladeCenter chassis Cooling Daughter Card CIOv & CFFh Service Options ( PCIe Adapters ) Yes Processor Integrated Dual Port Gbt Ethernet Options Ethernet, USB Power & Thermal POWER Save / Power Cap 42
  • 43. POWER7 PS702 Blade 16 Cores Architecture 8 Cores/Socket Two Socket Fiber Support Yes (via BladeCenter chassis) L2 & L3 Cache On Chip Media Bays 1 BladeCenter chassis DDR3 Memory Up to 256 GB Redundant Yes BladeCenter chassis Power DASD / Bays 0 - 2 SAS (300/600GB) Redundant Yes BladeCenter chassis Cooling Daughter Card CIOv & CFFh Service Options ( PCIe Adapters ) Yes Processor Integrated Quad Port Gbt Ethernet Power & Options Ethernet, USB POWER Save / Power Cap Thermal 43
  • 44. i Edition Express for BladeCenter S i Edition Express for BladeCenter S BladeCenter PS700 or JS12 IBM i PowerVM Express BladeCenter S IBM i preloaded The i Edition Express for BladeCenter S is the perfect alternative to a traditional rack or tower server with comparable starting prices and enables clients to run their i applications and consolidate x86 servers into a single BladeCenter S chassis that supports up to six blades and over 7 terabytes of disk storage 44
  • 45. Power Systems Virtualization Hypervisor •Support for multiple operating environments Dynamic Logical •Micro-partitioning, resource movement Partitioning Multiple Shared •Cap processor resources for a group of partitions Processor Pools Virtual I/O Server •Virtualizes resources for client partitions Integrated Virtualization •Simplifies partition management for entry systems Manager Lx86 •Supports x86 Linux applications Live Partition Mobility •Move running AIX and Linux partitions Active Memory Sharing •Share a memory pool among partitions VIOS Power Hypervisor
  • 46. IBM i 7.1 Highlights  DB2  Support for XML and column level encryption VIOS  PowerHA  Async Geographic Mirroring & LUN-level switching IBM i 6.1 IBM i 7.1  Virtualization Power Systems  IBM i 6.1 virtualization for i 7.1 partitions  Solid State Drives  Automatic movement of hot data to SSDs  Workload Capping  Limit # of cores used by middleware within a partition  Open Access for RPG  Extend application reach to pervasive devices  Zend Server Community Edition  PHP environment preloaded with IBM i  Systems Director  Richer management of IBM i via Systems Director
  • 47. Traditional IBM i Workload management  IBM i Workload Management  Subsystems provide workload isolation  Priorities are used to schedule work  No way to cap a given application to a subset of the processor resources in a partition  All workloads can access the full number of Cores in the Partition Application 1 = 8 Cores Application 2 = 8 Cores Application 3 = 8 Cores IBM i System / Partition
  • 48. IBM i Workload Capping  IBM i workload capping can control workloads by limiting the number of cores that can be used by an application Application 1 = 3 Cores Application 2 = 6 Cores Application 3 = 8 cores IBM i System / Partition
  • 49. Back to the basis Back to the future
  • 50. IBM i and Cloud Computing • Best platform for “private cloud” • Centralized model • Server consolidation • Bring back the complexity into the “computer room” • No more “personal” workstations and company’s data stored on users’ disks • Low-TCO terminals • SOA approach to integrate third party “SaaS” solutions A rack with a single Power 750 server and 32 processor cores can run up to 160 IBM refreshes CloudBurst line virtual machines, while the top end with Power7 chips - 14 October system, with 11 Power 750 servers in five 2010 racks, can run up to 2,960 virtual machines, 50