Towards user-created applications on the Internet-of-Things

All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 2010
Towards user-created applications
on the Internet-of-Things.
“What can the IoT do for the citizen?”
Lieven Trappeniers
Ambient Media department
Bell Labs
November 9th 2010
With support from
Industrial Presentation at the ANT2010 / MMoM / iiWAS conference
8-10 November 2010, Paris

All Rights Reserved © Alcatel-Lucent 20102 | DiY applications for the Internet-of-Things| November 2010
Outline
So, where is the Web-of-Things ?
Multidisciplinary Research
Getting in touch with reality
Proofpoint
User-created applications for Assisted Living
Do-it-Yourself
User-created applications & mass-creativity for the IoT

Ambient Intelligence is a long-standing promise
Standalone Technology Islands
Not beyond personalization
Not embedded in real life

Huge amount of
connected computing devices
Easy Creation of Applications
Rich interactions with the environment

The challenges ahead - Technology Radar
http://lookout.atosconsulting.com

The Internet of Things is happening …

…but People are not in the loop !

What can the Web-of-Things do for me ?

Outline
Proofpoint
Do-it-Yourself

Multi-disciplinary research
Computer Scientists, Sociologist, Interaction Designer, Engineers, Physicist, …
From multi-disciplines to multidisciplinary
Establish processes & toolkit
conceptualization, paper prototyping,
multidisciplinary planning
User research (co-design, cultural probes, …)
Innovate on 3 axis
Application concepts
Technology
The research methodology itself

Exploring the City as a Communication Platform

Creative End-Users

More user tests
Hidden Tags Visible TagsHidden Tags Visible TagsHidden Tags Visible TagsHidden Tags Visible Tags

Direct involvement of
(proxy) users
•User panels
•Users involved in design
activities
•Living Labs
•Trials
•Market research
•Action Research
•User invention (innofusion)
Constructions of the user
Indirect Evidence about
users
•Visions of technology
•Fictions and myths about users
•Designer as user – Personal
experience of engineers and
intermediaries
•Evidence from existing
services and products
•Competitors
•Reports and studies of
potential user groups
conducted for other reasons
•Secondary analysis of existing
data
Representation
of “the user”
Where do we get Knowledge about ‘Users’ ?
Stewart, J. & Claeys, L. (2009). “Problems and Opportunities of Interdisciplinary Work involving Users in Speculative Research for Innovation of Novel ICT Applications”. Conference
Proceedings of COST298 The Good, The Bad and The Challenging. The user and the future of information and communication technologies. Volume I. Sapio, B., Haddon, L., et all (Eds). ABS-
Center, Koper, Slovenia, 2009.

Outline
Proofpoint
Do-it-Yourself

Assisted Living

What value does the Internet-of-Things bring to Elderly ?

So, is this how we want them to live?

User research
Probing with elderly, elderly with
early dementia and their caregiver(s)
Methods:
Cultural probing, workshops & interviews
Goals:
To gather knowledge and understanding of
everyday life practices/routines,
everyday life hacks and
the home environment
of the elderly (with early dementia)
and of the tasks of the caregivers.

Defining routines, problems, rules & sensors
Real-life stories
Problems
Solutions
Rules
Sensors
Human
information
Tech
information

Feeding-back the research results to the users
Exhibition
Focus Groups
Trial/Pilot of functional prototype
+ press & customers

Everyday objects in the house become ‘smart objects’
1 3
2
1-2-3 Personalization:
- own pictures
- own naming of objects

koffiemachine waterkoker
Koffiemake
n
hulp
4. Diversification:
Tangible user interface
Different templates
depending on the role of users:
stylists, caregivers, elderly
Different templates depending on
the skills of users
4
Defining Context Aware Behavior
5
5. Materiality
Magnetic action cards
Every context aware behavior is
captured in an action card
Users can personalize and
create new cards

Activation and Understanding of context-aware behavior.
6. Control is in the hands of the user:
Casensa board on which action cards can
be stuck magnetically
Behavior is only active if the action card
is on the board.
Visual representation of the context
aware behavior
7. Understanding the Casensa home:
Simple overview of
context aware behavior
Possibility to re-use application
templates made by others
Categorized by domain
6
7

Casensa Movie
YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMVZIc_MWh8
(search for “Casensa”)

Casensa overview

High level architecture

Outline
Proofpoint
Do-it-Yourself

“Programming” the Web-of-Things
Design Effort
HighLow
UserValue
Low
High
Web1.0
top-down
applications
Web2.0
bottom-up
applications
Internet-of-Things
DiY
applications
Design Effort
HighLow
UserValue
Low
High
Web1.0
top-down
applications
Web2.0
bottom-up
applications
Internet-of-Things
DiY
applications

User Research - Research Questions
“How and why will (different kind of) users
create their own smart experiences in an
Internet-of-Things world?”
RQ1: How will an Internet-of-Things world look
like?
RQ2: How will users create their own defined
smart experiences?
RQ3: What is an optimal DIY-application creation
of smart experiences culture?
RQ4: What is the role of television in a smart
behavior application creation process?
RQ5: What kind of smart experiences are users
willing to create?

The Societal Phenomenon of DiY
Rise of the New Maker & Manufacturer Ecosystem (IFTF, 2008)

Vision: DiY for the proliferation of IoT (What can the IoT do for citizens?)
DiY as a critical need for IoT
Mass adoption of IoT apps
Long tail of IoT applications
may be needed to justify the deployment costs
DiY as a driver for IoT
People value custom or self-made apps
DiY as a solution for IoT
Beyond App Stores:
Maker Stores (and its enabling infrastructure)

What is DiY in the IoT ?
Wide typology of DiY creation in the IoT
3 architectural concepts, as orientation flags in the explored space
The Call-out IoT The Smart Composables IoT The Phenomena IoT
Sensor (actuator) data in
DiY web apps
Sensor (actuator) data in
DiY web apps
Use Thing DataUse Thing Data
DiY installation
(wireless) sensors/actuators
DiY installation
(wireless) sensors/actuators
Connect ThingConnect Thing
Smartening & composing
DiY tangible objects
Smartening & composing
DiY tangible objects
Build ThingBuild Thing
Scratch
PicoBoardBugLabs
VoodooIO

The Call-out Internet-of-Things supporting DiY in the IoT
The network provides the capability for people
to expose and exchange “call-outs”
providing a locative, distributed community communication
though (objects & people in) the environment, bringing across
human interaction and stories.
i
i
Image recognition
(faces and objects as tags)
Augmented ID
Physical tagging
(by people or manufacturers)
Location-based
(virtual graffiti)
11 People augmenting the environmentPeople augmenting the environment

i
i
If the Rabbit could update
what the cookies say …
And what if these billboards twittered
away whatever you wanted ?
Call-outs are a way for people to communicate and collaborate
through objects and locations, and share locative history
22 Communication with objects through theCommunication with objects through the IoTIoT

The Smart Composables Internet-of-Things supporting DiY in the IoT
to augment objects with instructions on
how they can be composed,
how they were produced or
how they can be repurposed.
ii
Instructables
for physical objects
Physical/Virtual
Mashups Creation
for physical objects

The Phenomena Internet-of-Things supporting DiY in the IoT
to shape “phenomena” models & filters
acting upon collected personal, public or community data
by recursing on triggered behaviour user feedback
with reuse in other phenomena-aware applications
Capturing andCapturing and shapingshaping
patterns and flowspatterns and flows
ΣΣΣΣ
Public / personal INPUTPublic / personal INPUT Public / personal OUTPUTPublic / personal OUTPUT
explicit text, etc.
location City behaviour
Personal behaviour
Aware App
App CreationPhenomena

Things + WebThings + Web

Things + Web +Things + Web + PeoplePeople

Questions ?
Marc Roelands, Marc Godon, Mohamed Ali Feki, Laurence Claeys, Pascal Zontrop, Johan Criel, Koen De Voegt, Marjan Geerts, Lieven Trappeniers (2010)/ “Research Orientation towards
Do-it-Yourself Internet-of-Things Mass Creativity”. Pervasive 2010, Workshop on "What can the Internet-of-Things do for Citizens?", May 17-20, 2010, Helsinki, Finland
Geerts Marjan, Claeys Laurence, Criel Johan, Zontrop Pascal, Godon Marc, De Voegt Koen, Lieven Trappeniers, Lieve Dieryckx, Annelies Verschatse, Peter Deboutte. “Seniors Re-
engineering Context-aware Applications, The Casensa Research process”. AmI '09, November 18-21 2009, Salzburg
Lieven Trappeniers, Marc Roelands, Marc Godon, Johan Criel, Philippe Dobbelaere (2009). ”Towards Abundant DiY Service Creativity. Successfully Leveraging the Internet-of-Things
in the City and at Home“. ICIN2009, October 27th-29th 2009, Bordeaux (www.icin.biz).
Rutten C., De Roeck D., Godon M. (2009). “Getting in Touch with the Users”. In: Tuikka T. & Isomursu M. (Eds.). Touch the Future with a Smart Touch. pp. 204-217.
Stewart, J. & Claeys, L. (2009). “Problems and Opportunities of Interdisciplinary Work involving Users in Speculative Research for Innovation of Novel ICT Applications”.
Conference Proceedings of COST298 The Good, The Bad and The Challenging. The user and the future of information and communication technologies. Volume I. Sapio, B., Haddon,
L., et all (Eds). ABS-Center, Koper, Slovenia, 2009.
Gee Rittenhouse (2009). "Shaping the Future Internet: opportunities and risks" introducing the Do-it-Yourself Internet-of-Things”. Future of the Internet Conference, May 2009,
Prague
Godon M., Claeys L., Criel, J. Lauwers T. et al. (2009). “A Transdisciplinary Work Method: The Suitcase Experiment and the Christmas Media Gift Case”. In: Tuikka T. & Isomursu M.
(Eds.). Touch the Future with a Smart Touch. pp. 156-171.
Criel, J. & Claeys, L. (2009). “Mixing Innovation Research Disciplines Using Agile: A R&I Case Study.”. Proceedings of COST298
Criel, Johan & Claeys, Laurence (2008). "A transdisciplinary study design on context-aware applications and environments. A critical view on user participation within calm
computing". Observatorio (OBS*), 2(2).
Geerts M., Criel J., Claeys L., Godon M. (Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs, Antwerp, Belgium), Lieve Dieryckx & Peter Deboutte (In-HAM, Gits, Belgium)(2008). "Let the Seniors Hack! Finding
daily life practices and hacks of elderly using cultural probes“, Workshop Capturing Ambient Assisted Living Needs, Ambient Intelligence Conference '08, Nurnberg, Germany.
Claeys, L., Criel, J., Christiaens, S. & Trappeniers, L. (2008) "Ambient Intelligence for the Elderly (AmIE): An Empowering Way of Independent Living of Elderly", In: Jordanova, M. &
Lievens, F. Global Telemedicine and E-Health Updates: Knowledge Resources, vol. 1.
Rutten C., De Roeck D., Godon M. (2008). "Co-design and the city". MobileHCI 2008.
Claeys, L. & Criel, J. (2008). "Context aware computing: Future living as a social application". In: Withworth, Brian & Demoor, Aldo (Eds.). Handbook of research on socio-technical
design.
Godon, M., & Claeys, L. (2008, February). “Let the Homo Ludens Conquer the City.” Mobile City Conference. Rotterdam.
Lieven Trappeniers
Bell Labs
lieven.trappeniers @alcatel-lucent.com
Lieven Trappeniers
Bell Labs
lieven.trappeniers @alcatel-lucent.com

Towards user-created applications on the Internet-of-Things

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