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During Disaster,
(Tsunami) Size and
Age Matter, but So
Do Networks
Daniel P. Aldrich
Purdue University and Tokyo University
Daniel.aldrich@gmail.com and Twitter @DanielPAldrich
Overall Project Framework
Level of Analysis Cases Data Stress on
International Japan, Haiti, India,
China
Recent earthquake
disasters
Political capacity
and state-civil
society relations
National Aomori, Iwate,
Miyagi,
Fukushima, Chiba
Prefectural
damage, population
shift, business
condition
Financial capacity,
social capital,
damage
City / village/ town 280 coastal villages Quant (200+
variables with
outcome of
mortality and
survival)
Damage, social
capital, politics,
demographics
Individual Survivors from six
Tohoku villages
Qualitative Narrative of
survival and
recovery
Theories of Mortality
Variable
Number of
Observations Mean
Standard
Deviation Min Max
Disaster characteristics          
Tsunami height 283 4.08 9.15 0.00 55.60
Demographic factors          
Percentage of pop over 65 283 0.27 0.06 0.12 0.55
Population density 283 680.00 1417.20 1.62 9530.00
Social capital factors          
Crime rate per capita 283 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03
Blood donations per capita 283 6.97 11.16 0.04 123.50
Recycling compliance rate 269 18.05 7.18 5.80 58.20
Political factors          
LDP party support in 2009 LH election
283 0.29 0.45 0.00 1.00
Voter turnout 277 70.69 5.86 60.00 91.00
Merged locality 283 0.09 0.28 0.00 1.00
Environmental factors          
Sea wall height 212 1.33 3.20 0.00 15.50
Strong variation in mortality
050100150
Density
0 .02 .04 .06 .08 .1
Proportion of population missing or deceased
Some correlation with wave height
HinoemataShowa
Katsurao
NishimeyaShichikashukuMishimaSaiKaneyamaKazamauraKawauchiShingo FudaiKitashiobaraImabetsuYomogitaYugawaBandai
Tanohata
SamegawaYanaizu
Noda
YokohamaTadamiNakajimaOhira HironoFurudonoTakkoSumitaIitateTeneiOmaYamatsuriKozakiShimogoKunoheNishiwagaIzumizakiAsakawaHirata
Futaba
SotogahamaTamakawaHigashidoriKuzumakiMutsuzawaNishiaizuShikama
Naraha
OnjukuShibayamaNagaraInakadate
Shinchi
HiraizumiOtamaOsatoKyonanFujisawaChonanGokaFukauraHanawaKawasaki
Onagawa
KunimiKawachiKarumaiRokunoheOtaki IwaizumiOwaniRokkashoOnoSannoheAjigasawa
Okuma
Murata IchinomiyaShirakoHiranaiNakadomariKagamiishiKoriZaoIchinoheTsurutaNoheji HashikamiChoseiIwate shiTanaguraMatsushimaTonoshoItayanagi
Otsuchi
MarumoriKawamataInawashiro
Tomioka
TakoFujisakiKanegasaki
Yamamoto
ShichinoheMihoAizubange
Minamisanriku
ToneWakuyaIshikawaMinamiaizu HironoKujukuriShizukuishiMiharu OaraiYabuki
Yamada
GonoheTohokuNishigoNanbuDaigo
Shichigahama
Katsuura
Namie
ShisuiShirosatoSakaeAizumisatoYachiyo
Rikuzentakata
Ogawara OiraseYokoshibahikariTaiwaMisatoKamiSakaiYahabaHachimantaiTonoNinoheItako TakahagiKakudaMotomiyaShiwaHirakawa RifuIbaraki
Watari
KamogawaKuroishi KujiTsugaruShiroishi TokaiNamegata
Soma
Shibata
Kamaishi
SosaTamura
Ofunato
Isumi MisawaMinamiboso
Higashimatsushima
Kasumigaura
Iwanuma
TsukubamiraiShimotsumaHitachiomiyaSakuragawaInashiki KitaibarakiTomiyaAmiFuttsuTateyamaOamishirasatoHokotaTomisatoOmitamaKitakataYukiTakizawaNaka SanmuBandoHitachiotaShiogamaGoshogawara
Miyako
NihonmatsuShiroiSodegauraMutsuToganeMoriya
Tagajo
ShirakawaJosoDate KashimaTowada AsahiChoshi
Minamisoma
Natori
Yachimata
Kesennuma
KuriharaSukagawaKasamaIshiokaRyugasakiUshikuKatoriTomeYotsukaidoInzaiKimitsuMobaraKitakami KamisuHanamakiKamagayaChikuseiTorideIchinosekiMidoriOshuAizuwakamatsuNaritaKisarazu WakabayashiAbikoOsakiKogaTsuchiuraMihamaWakabaNoda HitachinakaInage
Ishinomaki
NagareyamaNarashinoUrayasuSakuraHanamigawaHirosakiYachiyo MiyaginoHitachiChuoIzumiTsukubaTaihaku HachinoheMitoIchiharaAobaFukushima shiMoriokaAomori shiKoriyama IwakiKashiwaIchikawaMatsudoFunabashi Chiba shiSendai Ibaraki
0.02.04.06.08.1
PercentageMissing/Dead
0 20 40 60
Maximum tsunami height
Predicted mortality ceteris paribus
0.01.02.03.04
Mortality
0 10 20 30 40 50
Tsunami Height
Age matters
-.01-.0050.005.01.015
Mortality
0 20 40 60
Proportion of Population 65 and over
Proxy for social capital matters
-.0020.002.004.006
Mortality
0 5 10 15
Pre-Tsunami Proportional Crime Rate
Why might social capital matter?
Conclusions
Standard theories on mortality supported
(weight height, age)
No evidence that political factors played a
role
Social networks evidently important for
survival
Look next to combine qualitative and
quantitative data to fill in gaps

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Public Lecture Slide Presentation (4.11.2013)

  • 1. During Disaster, (Tsunami) Size and Age Matter, but So Do Networks Daniel P. Aldrich Purdue University and Tokyo University Daniel.aldrich@gmail.com and Twitter @DanielPAldrich
  • 2.
  • 3. Overall Project Framework Level of Analysis Cases Data Stress on International Japan, Haiti, India, China Recent earthquake disasters Political capacity and state-civil society relations National Aomori, Iwate, Miyagi, Fukushima, Chiba Prefectural damage, population shift, business condition Financial capacity, social capital, damage City / village/ town 280 coastal villages Quant (200+ variables with outcome of mortality and survival) Damage, social capital, politics, demographics Individual Survivors from six Tohoku villages Qualitative Narrative of survival and recovery
  • 5. Variable Number of Observations Mean Standard Deviation Min Max Disaster characteristics           Tsunami height 283 4.08 9.15 0.00 55.60 Demographic factors           Percentage of pop over 65 283 0.27 0.06 0.12 0.55 Population density 283 680.00 1417.20 1.62 9530.00 Social capital factors           Crime rate per capita 283 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 Blood donations per capita 283 6.97 11.16 0.04 123.50 Recycling compliance rate 269 18.05 7.18 5.80 58.20 Political factors           LDP party support in 2009 LH election 283 0.29 0.45 0.00 1.00 Voter turnout 277 70.69 5.86 60.00 91.00 Merged locality 283 0.09 0.28 0.00 1.00 Environmental factors           Sea wall height 212 1.33 3.20 0.00 15.50
  • 6. Strong variation in mortality 050100150 Density 0 .02 .04 .06 .08 .1 Proportion of population missing or deceased
  • 7. Some correlation with wave height HinoemataShowa Katsurao NishimeyaShichikashukuMishimaSaiKaneyamaKazamauraKawauchiShingo FudaiKitashiobaraImabetsuYomogitaYugawaBandai Tanohata SamegawaYanaizu Noda YokohamaTadamiNakajimaOhira HironoFurudonoTakkoSumitaIitateTeneiOmaYamatsuriKozakiShimogoKunoheNishiwagaIzumizakiAsakawaHirata Futaba SotogahamaTamakawaHigashidoriKuzumakiMutsuzawaNishiaizuShikama Naraha OnjukuShibayamaNagaraInakadate Shinchi HiraizumiOtamaOsatoKyonanFujisawaChonanGokaFukauraHanawaKawasaki Onagawa KunimiKawachiKarumaiRokunoheOtaki IwaizumiOwaniRokkashoOnoSannoheAjigasawa Okuma Murata IchinomiyaShirakoHiranaiNakadomariKagamiishiKoriZaoIchinoheTsurutaNoheji HashikamiChoseiIwate shiTanaguraMatsushimaTonoshoItayanagi Otsuchi MarumoriKawamataInawashiro Tomioka TakoFujisakiKanegasaki Yamamoto ShichinoheMihoAizubange Minamisanriku ToneWakuyaIshikawaMinamiaizu HironoKujukuriShizukuishiMiharu OaraiYabuki Yamada GonoheTohokuNishigoNanbuDaigo Shichigahama Katsuura Namie ShisuiShirosatoSakaeAizumisatoYachiyo Rikuzentakata Ogawara OiraseYokoshibahikariTaiwaMisatoKamiSakaiYahabaHachimantaiTonoNinoheItako TakahagiKakudaMotomiyaShiwaHirakawa RifuIbaraki Watari KamogawaKuroishi KujiTsugaruShiroishi TokaiNamegata Soma Shibata Kamaishi SosaTamura Ofunato Isumi MisawaMinamiboso Higashimatsushima Kasumigaura Iwanuma TsukubamiraiShimotsumaHitachiomiyaSakuragawaInashiki KitaibarakiTomiyaAmiFuttsuTateyamaOamishirasatoHokotaTomisatoOmitamaKitakataYukiTakizawaNaka SanmuBandoHitachiotaShiogamaGoshogawara Miyako NihonmatsuShiroiSodegauraMutsuToganeMoriya Tagajo ShirakawaJosoDate KashimaTowada AsahiChoshi Minamisoma Natori Yachimata Kesennuma KuriharaSukagawaKasamaIshiokaRyugasakiUshikuKatoriTomeYotsukaidoInzaiKimitsuMobaraKitakami KamisuHanamakiKamagayaChikuseiTorideIchinosekiMidoriOshuAizuwakamatsuNaritaKisarazu WakabayashiAbikoOsakiKogaTsuchiuraMihamaWakabaNoda HitachinakaInage Ishinomaki NagareyamaNarashinoUrayasuSakuraHanamigawaHirosakiYachiyo MiyaginoHitachiChuoIzumiTsukubaTaihaku HachinoheMitoIchiharaAobaFukushima shiMoriokaAomori shiKoriyama IwakiKashiwaIchikawaMatsudoFunabashi Chiba shiSendai Ibaraki 0.02.04.06.08.1 PercentageMissing/Dead 0 20 40 60 Maximum tsunami height
  • 8. Predicted mortality ceteris paribus 0.01.02.03.04 Mortality 0 10 20 30 40 50 Tsunami Height
  • 9. Age matters -.01-.0050.005.01.015 Mortality 0 20 40 60 Proportion of Population 65 and over
  • 10. Proxy for social capital matters -.0020.002.004.006 Mortality 0 5 10 15 Pre-Tsunami Proportional Crime Rate
  • 11. Why might social capital matter?
  • 12. Conclusions Standard theories on mortality supported (weight height, age) No evidence that political factors played a role Social networks evidently important for survival Look next to combine qualitative and quantitative data to fill in gaps